Colonic 15-PGDH levels are stable across distance and time and are not perturbed by aspirin intervention.

Fink, Stephen P,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S,Ryu, Yeon-Mi,Mikkola, Debra,Potter, John D,Lampe, Johanna W,Markowitz, Sanford D,Myung, Seung-Jae Plenum Pub. Corp.] 2013 Digestive diseases and sciences Vol.58 No.9

<P>15-Hydroxprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) mediates a colon neoplasia suppressor pathway, acting through metabolic antagonism of cyclooxygenase-mediated colon carcinogenesis. To determine whether the colon tumor prevention activity of 15-PGDH acts as a constant or variable effect among individuals, we determined whether 15-PGDH levels remain stable over subsite and time in the human colon, determined the extent of differences in 15-PGDH levels between different individuals, and determined whether 15-PGDH modulation mediates any part of the anti-colon tumor effect of aspirin.</P>

Pro-Inflammatory Enzymes, Cyclooxygenase 1, Cyclooxygenase 2, and 5-Lipooxygenase, Inhibited by Stabilized Rice Bran Extracts

Roschek, Bill Jr.,Fink, Ryan C.,McMichael, Dan Li, Matthew,Tower, Christine M.,Smith, Robert D.,Alberte, Randall S. The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

Rice bran, the outer bran and germ of the kernel and a by-product of rice milling, is rich in phytonutrients but has been underutilized because of lipid content instability. New methods for the processing of rice bran have yielded a stabilized form that is increasingly used in foods and dietary supplements. Recent studies have documented a role for stabilized rice bran (SRB) in treating diabetes and arthritis, although little is known of the bioactive compounds that impart these health benefits. Here we characterize the chemical composition of three extracts of SRB and identify the functional bioactives contributing to the inhibitory properties against three key pro-inflammatory enzymes (cyclooxygenase [COX] 1, COX2, and 5-lipoxygenase [5-LOX]) that control the inflammatory cascade involved in impaired joint health, pain, and arthritis. One extract (SRB-AI) demonstrated significant COX1 and COX2 inhibitory activities with 50% inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) values for COX1 and COX2 of 305 and $29\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, but no 5-LOX inhibition. The second extract (SRB-AII) inhibited COX1, COX2, and 5-LOX with $IC_{50}$ values of 310, 19, and $396\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The third extract (SRB-AIII), a blend of SRB-AI and SRB-AIII, inhibited COX1, COX2, and 5-LOX with respective $IC_{50}$ values of 48, 11, and $197\;{\mu}g/mL$. Analysis of the extracts by direct analysis in real time time of flight-mass spectrometry revealed that SRB-AI, SRB-AII, and SRB-AIII contain over 620, 770, and 810 compounds, respectively. Of these, 17 were identified as key bioactives for COX and/or LOX inhibition. These SRB extracts have applications for functional foods and dietary supplements for control of inflammation and joint health.

Sensor Materials, Processes and Others ; Variation of Conductivity of Fullerite Structures Under Different Types of Pressure

( A. S. Berdinsky ),( D. Fink ),( Hui Gon Chun ),( Yong Zoo Yoo ),( Ji Beom Yoo ),( A. V. Petrov ),( P. S. Alegaonkar ) 한국센서학회 2004 센서학회지 Vol.13 No.5

N/A It is known that the conductivity of fullerite depends on the applied pressure. In this paper we compare the variation of conductivity of three different fullerite structure with pressure. We examined C_(60) powder, filled into thin glass capillaries and also studied fullerite nanotubules produced within etched swift heavy ion tracks in polymer foils. These investigations are compared with the results of planar Si-C_(60)-Au structures.

Influence of Axial Mechanical Stress on the Xonductivity of Fullerite Powder

A.S.Berdinsky,D.Fink,천희곤,L.T.Chadderton 한국센서학회 2004 센서학회지 Vol.13 No.4

The possibility to use powder consisting of fullerite microcrystallines as a device sensitive to the external axialmechanical load is considered. We suppose that the change of conductivity of fullerite microcrystalline powder as afunction of external mechanical stress will be useful for the creation of nanoscale devices of sensor electronics. This neweffect based on changing of intermolecular distance between fullerene molecules due to the action of external mechanicalforce, which can change the distance between fulerene molecules because of weak van der Waals interaction exists. Thefounded effect is quite linear and sensitive to external mechanical stress is better then in well-known pressure transducersis based on silicon technology.

Pro-Inflammatory Enzymes, Cyclooxygenase 1, Cyclooxygenase 2, and 5-Lipooxygenase, Inhibited by Stabilized Rice Bran Extracts

Bill Roschek Jr.,Ryan C. Fink,Dan Li,Matthew McMichael,Christine M. Tower,Robert D. Smith,Randall S. Alberte 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

Rice bran, the outer bran and germ of the kernel and a by-product of rice milling, is rich in phytonutrients but has been underutilized because of lipid content instability. New methods for the processing of rice bran have yielded a stabilized form that is increasingly used in foods and dietary supplements. Recent studies have documented a role for stabilized rice bran (SRB) in treating diabetes and arthritis, although little is known of the bioactive compounds that impart these health benefits. Here we characterize the chemical composition of three extracts of SRB and identify the functional bioactives contributing to the inhibitory properties against three key pro-inflammatory enzymes (cyclooxygenase [COX] 1, COX2, and 5-lipoxygenase [5-LOX]) that control the inflammatory cascade involved in impaired joint health, pain, and arthritis. One extract (SRB-AI) demonstrated significant COX1 and COX2 inhibitory activities with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for COX1 and COX2 of 305 and 29μg/mL, respectively, but no 5-LOX inhibition. The second extract (SRB-AII) inhibited COX1, COX2, and 5-LOX with IC50 values of 310, 19, and 396μg/mL, respectively. The third extract (SRB-AIII), a blend of SRB-AI and SRB-AIII, inhibited COX1, COX2, and 5-LOX with respective IC50 values of 48, 11, and 197μg/mL. Analysis of the extracts by direct analysis in real time time of flight-mass spectrometry revealed that SRB-AI, SRB-AII, and SRB-AIII contain over 620, 770, and 810 compounds, respectively. Of these, 17 were identified as key bioactives for COX and/or LOX inhibition. These SRB extracts have applications for functional foods and dietary supplements for control of inflammation and joint health.

Sensor Materials, Processes and Others ; Structure and Conductivity Characteristics of Sandwich Structures with Fullerite Films

( A. S. Berdinsky ),( Yu. V. Shevtsov ),( Hui Gon Chun ),( Yong Zoo Yoo ),( D. Fink ),( B. M. Ayupov ) 한국센서학회 2004 센서학회지 Vol.13 No.5

N/A We report on the technology of formation of sandwich structures based on fullerite films and on experimental results in research of optical and conductivity properties of these sandwich samples. Single crystals of sapphire (100) or silicon were used as substrates. The sandwich specimens were based on the structure M/C_(60)/M (M=Cr, Pd, Ag, Al, Cu). The thickness of the fullerite films was about 0.2~1.0 μm. The area of the C50 film under the top contact was about I cm². The specimens have been investigated by infrared spectroscopy, spectra-photometry. ellipsometry and X-ray diffraction analysis. Measurements of the current/voltage characteristics and research on the temperature dependence of conductivity were performed as well. It was shown that metals such as Cr, Pd. Ag. Al, and Cu penetrate easily into the fullerite films. It appears that these specimens have a large conductivity. For silver/C_(60) and other sandwich structures the conductivities show a semiconductor-like behaviour.

GROWTH OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN ETCHED ION TRACKS IN SILICON OXIDE ON SILICON

J. S. JUNG,L. T. CHADDERTON,A. S. BERDINSKY,P. S. ALEGAONKAR,H. C. LEE,J. H. HAN,J. B. YOO,D. FINK 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2007 NANO Vol.2 No.1

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were selectively grown in etched ion tracks in SiO2 layers on Si. For this sake, Ni-catalyst nanocrystals were initially deposited within the ion tracks by galvanic deposition. The characteristics of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD)- and thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD)-grown CNTs, such as structural details and length distribution, were investigated. In addition, field emission properties were studied. The analysis revealed that the emerging PECVD-grown CNTs were of cylindrical and/or conical shape and usually had diameters as large as the etched tracks. The exponential length distribution of these CNTs can be well understood by applying a simple defect-growth model. For contrast, many narrow and curled CNTs were found to cluster in spots well separated from each other, after applying TCVD instead of PECVD. The Raman investigations of PECVD-grown CNTs showed that Si–O–C and Si–C phases had formed during the growth of the CNTs. These ion-track-correlated PECVD-grown CNTs open the way for the production of novel 3D nanoelectronic devices based on the TEMPOS concept. These structures are also excellent candidates for experiments on channeling in CNTs. Application as field emitting devices, however, appears unfavorable due to poor mean-field enhancement factors and insufficient stability.

Inhibition of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase by <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in Human Gastric Carcinogenesis

Ryu, Yeon-Mi,Myung, Seung-Jae,Park, Young Soo,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Song, Ho June,Jeong, Jin-Yong,Lee, Sun Mi,Song, Miyeoun,Kim, Do Hoon,Lee, Hyo-Jeong,Park, Soo-Kyung,Fink, Stephen P.,Markowitz, Sandy D.,J American Association for Cancer Research 2013 Cancer prevention research Vol.6 No.4

<P><I>Helicobacter pylori</I> (<I>H. pylori</I>) infection induces a chronic inflammatory response, which promotes gastric carcinogenesis. 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) plays a key role as a tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal cancers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of 15-PGDH in gastric carcinogenesis associated with <I>H. pylori</I>. 15-PGDH expression in gastric biopsies from <I>H. pylori</I>–infected (<I>n</I> = 25) and noninfected (<I>n</I> = 15) subjects was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. 15-PGDH DNA methylation was evaluated by methylation-specific PCR and pyrosequencing. The expression of 15-PGDH, Snail, extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, TLR4, and MyD88 in response to <I>H. pylori</I> infection was assessed by immunoblot analysis. Compared with negative specimens, <I>H. pylori</I>–positive specimens had 2-fold lower 15-PGDH mRNA levels and significantly less 15-PGDH protein. In four <I>H. pylori–</I>infected subjects with longitudinal follow-up, the suppression of 15-PGDH expression was reversed by <I>H. pylori</I> eradication therapy. In parallel with suppressing 15-PGDH expression, <I>H. pylori</I> infection activated expression of TLR4 and MyD88 expression, increased levels of phospho-ERK1/2, and increased expression of EGF receptor (EGFR)-Snail. Inhibition of Snail and MyD88 reversed suppression of 15-PGDH expression, and siMyD88 reduced phosphorylated ERK1/2. Similarly, treatment with an ERK1/2 and EGFR inhibitor also restored 15-PGDH expression. <I>H. pylori</I> appeared to promote gastric carcinogenesis by suppressing15-PGDH. This process is mediated by the TLR4/MyD88 pathway via ERK1/2 or EGFR-Snail transcriptional regulation. 15-PGDH may be a useful marker and a potential therapeutic target in <I>H. pylori</I>–induced gastric carcinogenesis. <I>Cancer Prev Res; 6(4); 349–59. ©2013 AACR.</I></P>