Kluyveromyces fragilis와 유산균의 혼합 Starter를 이용하여 제조한 알콜 발효유에 관한 연구

조좌형,김창한,한석현 건국대학교 동물자원연구센터 1993 動物資源硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

본 연구는 10% 환원 탈지유에 효모 K.fragilis와 유산균 Str. lactis 및 L. bulgaricus의 혼합 starter를 접종시켜 30℃에서 7일간 발효시켜면서 산 생성량, 당 함량 변화, Amino태 질소함량 변화, CO₂생성량, 알콜 생성량, 유산균 및 효모수, 각 조성분의 변화를 검토하였는바 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) K.fragilis와 L.bulgaricus의 혼합 starter를 접종하여 알콜 발효유를 제조하였을 경우가 K.fragilis와 Str.lactis의 혼합 starter를 접종하였을 때보다 산 생성량이 현저하게 높았으며, starter의 첨가량에 따른 산 생성량에 있어서 발효 초기에 약간의 차이를 보였으나 그 이후에는 거의 변화가 없었다. 2) 유산균과 효모의 starter 첨가량에 따른 당함량 변화는 각 시험구 모두 발효 36시간까지 급속히 감소하였다. 3) Amino태 질소량은 발효 7일까지 서서히 증가되었으나 그 이후는 감소하였다. 4) CO₂생성량은 K.fragilis와 Str.lactis의 혼합 starter를 이용하였을 경우가 K.fragilis와 L.bularicus은 혼합 starger를 이용하였을 때보다 현저하게 많았다. 5) 알콜 생성량에 있어서 5%와 2%의 K.fragilis starter를 접종하였을 경우 발효 36∼48시간까지는 상당한 차이를 나타내었으며, 발효 72시간째에는 알콜 생성이 거의 완료되었다. 6) 알콜 발효유의 유산균수는 Str. lactis starter를 접종하였을 때가 L. bulagricus starter를 접종하였을 때보다 약간 많았으나 발효 6일째는 모두 유산균수가 10³/ml 정도였다. 7) 알콜 발효유의 효모수는 발효 48시간까지 증가한 후 점차 감소하였고, 혼합 starter의 접종량간의 차이는 거의 없었다. 8) 조성분중 조단백질 함량은 발효중기(발효 72시간)에 약간 감소하였으나 발효가 종료된 7일째는 발효 시작때와 거의 같았고, 조지방 함량은 K.fragilis와 L.bulgaricus의 혼합 starter를 접종하였을 경우가 현저하게 증가하였고, 총고형분은 발효가 진행되면서 점차 감소하였으며, 조회분은 발효기간중 거의 변화가 없었다. Changes of acidity, sugar content, amino nitrogen content, CO₂gas, ethanol content, lactic acid bacteria, yeast cell count and chemical composition were investigated to elucidate on the characteristics of alcohol fermentd milk with mixed starter of Kluyveromyces fragilis and lactic acid bacteria incubated at 30˚C for 7 days. The titratable acidity were significantly hihger on the mixed starter with K.fragilis and L. bulgaricus than on the mixed started K. fragilis and Str. lactis. And it showed a little deference at the begining of fermentation according to the quantities of lactic acid bacteria and yeast which were added, but after that showed no more deference. Changes of sugar content by the quantities of lactic acid bacteria and yeast were quickly made up fermentation within 36 hours. The amino-nitrogen content were gradually increased untill 7th day in alcohol fermented milk, but it gradually decreased after that. The CO₂gas of K.fragilis which had sugar as an increasing source of fermentation was noticeably higher in the mixed starter of K. fragilis and Str. lactis than that of K.fragilis and L. bularicus. The ethanol content in alcohol fermented milk was significantly untill 36∼48 hours of fermentation by adding 2% and 5% of yeast. The lactic acid bacteria counted on the BCP agar in addition of Str.lactis has a little more lactic acid bacteria than L. bulgaricus, but they ceased to exist at the 6th day of fermentation. The number of yeast cells were counted in YM agar, that was increased within 48 hours of fermentation, and decreased gradually after that, and it showes little deference even by the adding quantities. The protein was decreased a little during the fermentation. At the last 7th day of fermentation, the amount of protein was the same as initial one. The fat was significantly increased in the mixed started of K.fragilis and L.bulgaricus. The total solid matter was gradually decreased during the fermentation, and the ash showed little change during the fermentation.

Saccbaromyces fragilis sp 를 利用한 알콜 醱酵乳 製造에 관한 硏究

趙佑衡 건국대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.27 No.2

In order to development a new fermented milk, this experiment was carried out investigating of the pH, Viable cell count, Ethanol content inoculated with sacch, fragilis strain C1, C2 and C3 incubated at 30℃ for 10 days. The reuslts are follows. 1. The pH of the strain C1, C2 and C3 on the 10% recovered skim milk and facto milk for 10 days of culture decreased until 2th day and then increased steadly, and decreased again on the 10 th day. 2. The Viable cell count of the strain C1 and C2 on the 10% recovered skim milk increased until 10th day (3.51×1011, 4.36×1011), the strain C3 showed the highest on the 6th day (7.02×1010), While the strain C1 and C2 on the facto milk showed the highest on the 6th day (1.29×1011). 3. The Ethanol content of the strain C1, C2 and C3 of the 10% recovered skim milk and lacto milk showed the most on the 2th day and the strain C2 showed the most of 2.75% amount the strain C1, C2 and C3.

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Color Characteristics and Biological Activities of Ethanol Extract of Lonicera japonica

Choa Hyoung Cho,Tae Woog Jeon,Myung Kon Kim 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.1

Effects of gamma irradiation on color characteristic and biological activities of ethanol extract of Lonicera japonica irradiated at 0, 10, 20, and 30 kGy were investigated. Hunter color L*- and a*-value increased by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in lighter color than the nonirradiated, whereas Hunter color b*-value decreased with increasing irradiation dosage (p <0.05). The L. japonica extract showed inhibition effects against tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase, and nitrite-scavenging ability. Tyrosinase inhibition effect of L. japonica was higher in the gamma-irradiated sample than in the nonirradiated sample,and the effect was increased by increasing irradiation dosages. The L. japonica extracts had a higher inhibitory effect against xanthine oxidase, and the effect was not greatly changed by irradiation. Nitrite-scavenging activity was the highest in L. japonica extract at pH 1.2. Overall, the gamma irradiation may not greatly influence the xanthine oxidase inhibition effect and nitrite-scavenging ability of the L. japonica extract, except for the tyrosinase inhibition effect when irradiated up to 30 kGy.

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Color Characteristics and Biological Activities of Ethanol Extract of Lonicera japonica

Cho, Choa-Hyoung,Jeon, Tae-Woog,Kim, Myung-Kon The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemisty 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.1

Effects of gamma irradiation on color characteristic and biological activities of ethanol extract of Lonicera japonica irradiated at 0, 10, 20, and 30 kGy were investigated. Hunter color $L^*$- and $a^*$-value increased by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in lighter color than the nonirradiated, whereas Hunter color $b^*$-value decreased with increasing irradiation dosage (p <0.05). The L. japonica extract showed inhibition effects against tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase, and nitrite-scavenging ability. Tyrosinase inhibition effect of L. japonica was higher in the gamma-irradiated sample than in the nonirradiated sample, and the effect was increased by increasing irradiation dosages. The L. japonica extracts had a higher inhibitory effect against xanthine oxidase, and the effect was not greatly changed by irradiation. Nitrite-scavenging activity was the highest in L. japonica extract at pH 1.2. Overall, the gamma irradiation may not greatly influence the xanthine oxidase inhibition effect and nitrite-scavenging ability of the L. japonica extract, except for the tyrosinase inhibition effect when irradiated up to 30 kGy.

Antimutagenic and AntileukemicActivities of Aloes vera L.

Keyong Ho Lee,Hee Gon Kang,Choa Hyoung Cho,Moon Joon Lee,Jae Hyun Lee,Chang Han Kim 한국생약학회 2000 Natural Product Sciences Vol.6 No.2

We investigated that the extract of Aloe vera L. and its fractions exert antimutagenic activity against Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, and antileukemic effect against K562 human leukemia cell line. The aqueous ethanolic extract of A. vera L. was revealed to have antimutagenic effect on the AF-2 (2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide) in Salmonella mutation assay. Among the three fractions (fractions A, B and C) separated by silica gel chromatography, fraction C (50 ㎍/plate) exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect on the AF-2 with inhibition rate of 84 and 90% in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, respectively. The fraction C (500 ㎍/㎖) inhibited the growth of K562 human leukemia cell line by 93% in MTT assay. However, the components of A. vera L. did not exhibit cytotoxic effect against MDBK bovine normal kidney in MTT assay.

Radiosensitizing and Topoisomerase I Inhibitory Effects of Aloe vera , Formitella fraxinea , and Ulmus davidiana Extracts

Keyong Ho Lee,Jae Hyun Lee,Choa Hyoung Cho,Moon Jong Noh,Young Bum Kim 한국생약학회 2001 Natural Product Sciences Vol.7 No.2

Ulmus davidiana, Formitella fraxinea, and Aloe vera extracts were detected to have inhibitory effects against topoisomerase I at treatment of Spg. Ulmus davidiana and Aloe vera extracts were found to show inhibitory effect similar to camptothecin, Formitella fraxinea extract was found to have weak activity. We also found the potential use of those extracts as a radiation sensitizer. Radiosensitizing effect at combination treatment was increased more than 2 times at single treatment of radiation, Ulmus davidiana or Formitella fraxinea extracts. Ulmus davidiana and Formitella fraxinea extracts were found to have significant radiosensitizing effect on test tumor cell line. But, Aloe vera extract was not detected to have activity as a radiosensitizer. Ulmus davidiana and Formitella fraxinea extracts are potent radiosensitizers on tumor cell lines and should be considered for further study of active compounds.

천마의 식품학적 활용을 위한 기초 연구 - 포제천마 열수 추출물이 국소 뇌혈류량과 혈압에 미치는 영향 -

박성혜,조좌형,안병용,Park, Sung-Hye,Cho, Choa-Hyoung,Ahn, Byung-Yong 동아시아식생활학회 2007 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.17 No.4

본 연구는 식이 습관병 예방을 위한 건강식품을 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로써 계획되어 선행 연구와 문헌상의 기록을 바탕으로 한 천마의 여러 기능 중 혈류 개선 효과에 중점을 두고 그 기능을 과학적으로 확인하여 보고자 하였다 즉, 쌀뜨물을 주로하여 소화 흡수 및 면역력의 증강을 기대할 수 있고 독성 성분을 제거할 수 있으며, 더불어 활혈(活血) 및 청열량혈(靑熱凉血)기능을 가지는 천궁과 이수(利水) 및 안신(安神)작용을 하는 복령을 포제에 함께 이용하여 뇌혈류와심혈관 기능을 증진시키고자 하였다. 따라서 흰쥐를 대상으로 Laser-Doppler flowmeter system(LDF)을 이용하여 천마가 국소 뇌혈류량과 혈압에 미치는 효과를 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 천마를 0.1mg/kg, 1.0mg/kg 및 10.0 mg/kg 농도로 주사 시 농도 의존적으로 국소 뇌혈류량이 증가되었다. 2. 천마가 국소 뇌혈류량을 증가시키는 기전을 확인하기 위해 propranolol, atropine, methylene blue, indomethacin으로 전처리한 후 천마를 주사했을 때는 국소뇌혈류량에 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 없었으나, anti-nitric oxide synthetase를 전처리한 후 천마를 주사했을 때는 국소 뇌혈류량이 유의적으로 증가함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 3. 천마를 0.1 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg 및 10.0 mg/kg 농도로 주사 시 농도 의존적으로 혈압이 저하되었다. 4. 천마가 어떤 기전으로 혈압의 변화를 초래하는지를 확인하기 위해 propranolol, atropine, methylene blue, indomethacin으로 전처리한 후 천마를 주사했을 때는 혈압에 유의한 변화를 관찰할 수 없었으나 anti-nitric oxide synthetase로 전처리한 후 천마를 주사했을 때에는 혈압이 유의적으로 저하되는 변화가 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 포제 천마는 뇌혈류량을 증가시키고 혈압을 강하시키는 작용이 있음을 확인하였고, 그 기전은 nitric oxide 생성과 관련되어 나타나는 결과로 판단된다. 따라서 혈관 질환을 포함한 식이 습관병과 관계된 질환의 예방 및 치료의 보조 식이물로써 활용이 가능하다고 판단되며, 향후 포제 천마를 이용한 건강식품을 개발하고 완제품에 대한 유효성에 대한 연구를 수행할 때 기초 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to provide basic data for predicting the usefulness of Gastrodiae rhizoma as a materials for functional foods. Changes in regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) and blood pressure(BP) were measured in rats, following the intravenous injection of processed Gastrodiae rhizoma water extract. In its processing, we used rice water, Sderotium Poriae Cocos and Radix Ligustici Chuanxiaong. The rCBF and BP measurements were continually monitored by a laser-doppler flowmeter and a pressure transducer in the anesthetized adult Sprague-Dawley rats for approximately about two to two and a half hours, through a data acquisition system composed of a MacLab and Macintosh computer. The results of the experiment are as follows: the processed Gastrodiae rhizoma significantly increased changes in rCBF in the rats. The rCBF with processed Gastrodiae rhizoma did not change by pretreatment with propranolol, atropin, methylene blue, and indomethacin. But the rCBF of the processed Gastrodiae rhizoma was increased by pretreatment with L-NNA. The processed Gastrodiae rhizoma significantly decreased the changes in BP. However, BP with the processed Gastrodiae rhizoma did not change by pretreatment with propranolol, atropin, methylene blue and indomethacin. On the other hand, BP decreased with the processed Gastrodiae rhizoma pretreatment with L-NNA. These results indicate that processed Gastrodiae rhizoma might increase the rCBF and the BP which are related to nitric oxide synthesis. Also these results indicate that the used of processed Gastrodiae rhizoma in safe, as well as clinically applicable in diet therapy for cerebral related disease and hypertension.

Clonogenic Assay를 이용한 Aloe arborescens와 Aloe vera 용매 추출물의 종양세포 억제효과의 비교

홍희선,이경호,김정환,강희곤,조좌형,김창한,Hong, Hee-Sun,Lee, Keyong-Ho,Kim, Jeong-Hwan,Kang, Hee-Gon,Cho, Choa-Hyoung,Kim, Chang-Han 한국생약학회 1999 생약학회지 Vol.30 No.3

The solvent extracts from Aloe arborescens and Aloe vera were randomly screened for inhibitory effects on the growth of tumor cell lines. In case of Aloe vera extracts, butyl alcohol extract and ethyl alcohol extract showed antitumor activity at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ on lung cell lines(A427, Sk-mes-1, Calu-3 and 3LL). In Aloe arborescens extracts, butyl alcohol extract and ethyl alcohol extract exerted high activity at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ on breast cell line(Hs-578T) and lung cell line(Sk-mes-1), respectively. The solvent extracts from Aloe vera exerted antitumor activity broadly on various tumor cell lines. In contract, the solvent extracts from Aloe arborescens exerted specific antitumoricity on a few tumor cell lines.