The Changes of Blood Glucose Control and Lipid Profiles after Short-Term Smoking Cessation in Healthy Males

SeongSu Lee,JeongSeok Seo,SungRae Kim,JoEun Jeong,BeomWoo Nam,JuYul Lee,HeeJin Lee,Chul Lee,ChangUk Lee,InHo Paik,JeongHo Chae,SookHee Chai,SoonJib Yoo,WangYoun Won,DaiJin Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2011 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.8 No.2

Objective-Our aim was to evaluate the changes in blood glucose control and lipid profiles after 2-months of smoking cessation in healthy males. Methods-Smoking abstinence was evaluated through self-report and urine cotinine levels. 12 individuals who succeeded in quitting smoking were analyzed. Fasting values of glucose and insulin were used to estimate the β-cell activity and insulin resistance was evaluated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI). Results-The data showed that the subjects had a significant increase in weight, body mass index and fasting plasma glucose levels after smoking cessation. The HOMA-Insulin Resistance and the HOMA β-cell function increased significantly (p=0.005, p=0.047 respectively). The QUICKI showed a significant decrease (p=0.005). In addition, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased significantly (p=0.028); however, changes in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were not significant (p=0.284, p=0.445 respectively). Conclusion-During the initial stage of smoking abstinence, insulin resistance increased and insulin sensitivity decreased due to elevated body weight and fat composition. Therefore, it is important to educate individuals that stop smoking about the necessity of weight control during smoking cessation programs.

<i>Shank3</i> -mutant mice lacking exon 9 show altered excitation/inhibition balance, enhanced rearing, and spatial memory deficit

Lee, Jiseok,Chung, Changuk,Ha, Seungmin,Lee, Dongmin,Kim, Do-Young,Kim, Hyun,Kim, Eunjoon Frontiers Media S.A. 2015 Frontiers in cellular neuroscience Vol.9 No.-

<P>Shank3 is a postsynaptic scaffolding protein implicated in synapse development and autism spectrum disorders. The <I>Shank3</I> gene is known to produce diverse splice variants whose functions have not been fully explored. In the present study, we generated mice lacking <I>Shank3</I> exon 9 (<I>Shank3</I><SUP>Δ<I>9</I></SUP> mice), and thus missing five out of 10 known Shank3 splice variants containing the N-terminal ankyrin repeat region, including the longest splice variant, Shank3a. Our X-gal staining results revealed that Shank3 proteins encoded by exon 9-containing splice variants are abundant in upper cortical layers, striatum, hippocampus, and thalamus, but not in the olfactory bulb or cerebellum, despite the significant Shank3 mRNA levels in these regions. The hippocampal CA1 region of <I>Shank3</I><SUP>Δ<I>9</I></SUP> mice exhibited reduced excitatory transmission at Schaffer collateral synapses and increased frequency of spontaneous inhibitory synaptic events in pyramidal neurons. In contrast, prelimbic layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex displayed decreased frequency of spontaneous inhibitory synaptic events, indicating alterations in the ratio of excitation/inhibition (E/I ratio) in the <I>Shank3</I><SUP>Δ<I>9</I></SUP> brain. These mice displayed a mild increase in rearing in a novel environment and mildly impaired spatial memory, but showed normal social interaction and repetitive behavior. These results suggest that ankyrin repeat-containing Shank3 splice variants are important for E/I balance, rearing behavior, and spatial memory.</P>

쉘앤플레이트 열교환기에서 R-1234ze(E)의 증발열전달 및 압력강하에 대한 실험적 연구

조창욱(ChangUk Jo),이동찬(DongChan Lee),이민우(Minwoo Lee),김용찬(Yongchan Kim) 대한설비공학회 2018 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

Recently, a R-1234ze(E) has emerged to substitute HFC refrigerants, such as R-134a and R-410A owing to high GWP. The evaporation heat transfer characteristics of R-1234ze(E) have been investigated mainly in plate heat exchangers and horizontal tubes. However, the evaporation heat transfer characteristics of R-1234ze(E) in shell and plate heat exchangers are very limited in the open literature. The objective of this study is to investigate the evaporation heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of R-1234ze(E) in a shell and plate heat exchanger. The evaporation heat transfer characteristics of R-1234ze(E) are measured and analyzed in the shell and plate heat exchanger with the fixed saturation temperature of 10 ℃ by varying the mass flux, heat flux, and equivalent Reynolds number. As a result of the experiment, the heat transfer coefficients increase with the equivalent Reynolds number, however when the equivalent Reynolds number exceeds 2500, the heat transfer coefficients decrease drastically. Moreover, the frictional pressure drop increases steadily with the equivalent Reynolds number and mass flux.

쉘앤플레이트 열교환기에서 R-1234ze(E)의 증발열전달 특성

조창욱(ChangUk Jo),이동찬(DongChan Lee),이민우(Minwoo Lee),김용찬(Yongchan Kim) 대한설비공학회 2019 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

의미소 개체화 기반 게임형토론시스템, Forumnet

이정창욱(Changuk Lee Jung),신영숙(Youngsuk Shin) 한국정보과학회 2006 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.1

사이버커뮤니티의 발전상은 까페, 싸이, 블로그, 휴대폰 등의 형태로 개체화와 나열형 정보에 주력되어, 정보홍수로 인한 역설적 정보빈곤의 부작용 또한 커지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 나열형 정보의 단점을 극복할 수 있는 공유형 정보의 구현방안으로서, ‘의미소개체화 기반 게임형토론시스템’을 제안한다. 기존에 나열형 정보의 대안이자 웹2.0의 모델로 주목받아온 위키(wiki)방식의 원론적 공유에서 나아가, 구성개체 간 상호평가가 수치로 교환되고 그에 따른 가중치가 활용되는 방안이다. 이는 시맨틱웹과 웹2.0의 통합적 논의이며, 인터넷의 자연스런 발전방향이다. 이 시스템이 구현된 인터넷(Internet)을 포럼넷(Forumnet)이라 부를 수 있다. 포럼넷은 현실적, 기술적으로 개인기반평가에서 개체기반평가로 구현되어갈 것이다.

DDS의 샘플 목록 관리 QoS를 위한 자료구조

이창욱(Changuk Lee),윤군재(Gunjae Yoon),최훈(Hoon Choi) 한국정보과학회 2017 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.12

Autistic-like social behaviour in Shank2-mutant mice improved by restoring NMDA receptor function

Won, Hyejung,Lee, Hye-Ryeon,Gee, Heon Yung,Mah, Won,Kim, Jae-Ick,Lee, Jiseok,Ha, Seungmin,Chung, Changuk,Jung, Eun Suk,Cho, Yi Sul,Park, Sae-Geun,Lee, Jung-Soo,Lee, Kyungmin,Kim, Daesoo,Bae, Yong Chul Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2012 Nature Vol.486 No.7402

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of conditions characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and restricted and repetitive behaviours. ASD is a highly heritable disorder involving various genetic determinants. Shank2 (also known as ProSAP1) is a multi-domain scaffolding protein and signalling adaptor enriched at excitatory neuronal synapses, and mutations in the human SHANK2 gene have recently been associated with ASD and intellectual disablility. Although ASD-associated genes are being increasingly identified and studied using various approaches, including mouse genetics, further efforts are required to delineate important causal mechanisms with the potential for therapeutic application. Here we show that Shank2-mutant (Shank2<SUP>??/??</SUP>) mice carrying a mutation identical to the ASD-associated microdeletion in the human SHANK2 gene exhibit ASD-like behaviours including reduced social interaction, reduced social communication by ultrasonic vocalizations, and repetitive jumping. These mice show a marked decrease in NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) glutamate receptor (NMDAR) function. Direct stimulation of NMDARs with d-cycloserine, a partial agonist of NMDARs, normalizes NMDAR function and improves social interaction in Shank2<SUP>??/??</SUP> mice. Furthermore, treatment of Shank2<SUP>??/??</SUP> mice with a positive allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), which enhances NMDAR function via mGluR5 activation, also normalizes NMDAR function and markedly enhances social interaction. These results suggest that reduced NMDAR function may contribute to the development of ASD-like phenotypes in Shank2<SUP>??/??</SUP> mice, and mGluR modulation of NMDARs offers a potential strategy to treat ASD.

The Serotonin Transporter Gene Polymorphism may not be Associated with Antipsychotic Treatment Response in Patients with Schizophrenia

ChiUn Pae,TaeSuk Kim,JungJin Kim,ChangUk Lee,SooJung Lee,Chul Lee,InHo Paik 대한신경정신의학회 2005 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.2 No.2

This study investigated the influence of the polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4, a 44 base pair insertion/deletion in the promoter region, 5- HTTLPR) on the development of schizophrenia, as well as its effect on the symptomatology, family history, age of onset and the antipsychotic treatment response. Genomic DNA analysis with polymerase chain reaction was used for the genotyping. One hundred and fifty-two patients with schizophrenia and 152 normal controls participated in the study. Any associations between the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and schizophrenia were not found. However, marginal association between the subjects with the 5-HTTLPR s allele (ss plus sl) and the presence of a family history of schizophrenia was found (p=0.026). This study suggests that the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism does not significantly contribute to the susceptibility to schizophrenia, and it is not associated with such clinical variables as the antipsychotic treatment response and the psychopathologica features, except for the family history of disease, at least in the Korean population.

Incidence and Course of Depression in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

SeungHo Ryu,HanYong Jung,KangJoon Lee,SeokWoo Moon,DongWoo Lee,Narei Hong,BaikSeok Kee,DoHoon Kim,Changsu Han,ChangUk Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.3

Objective-Depressive symptoms are common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and they might influence the course and prognosis of AD. Depression could appear anytime in the course of the disease, and could either last considerably long or disappear easily. This study is intended to investigate the occurrence of depression in the course of AD and the risk factors of incidence. Methods-This study targeted 1,272 AD patients without depressive symptoms at the start of this study in Korea. A total of 775 subjects completed the study, and the occurrence of depression was assessed after 12 months. Demographic information of subjects was collected and cognitive functions, overall functions, and depression severity were assessed at the start of this study and after 12 months. Results-Among the 775 subjects, 103 subjects (13.29%) developed depression 12 months later. The MMSE-KC scores showed significant changes in both groups that developed depression and did not. In the univariate analysis, significant differences in the incidence of depression were found in terms of gender, the administration of the antidepressant at the baseline, the SGDS-K score, and the GDS score. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the increase in the incidence of depression was associated with a female, in the increase in SGDS-K score and the GDS score. Conclusion-The incidence of depression in the subjects who completed the 12-month follow-up observation was 13.29%. Moreover, in the multivariate analysis, a female gender and the severity of dementia, including the overall functions, seemed associated with the occurrence of depression.

Changes of Plasma Adiponectin Levels after Smoking Cessation

WangYoun Won,ChangUk Lee,JeongHo Chae,JungJin Kim,Chul Lee,DaiJin Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2004 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.1 No.2

Objective-Cigarette smoking is associated with a variety of health problems including cardiovascular, pulmonary, neoplasms, endocrinopathies including diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, and chronic inflammation. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived plasma protein that is closely associated with insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of plasma adiponectin levels after smoking cessation. Methods-Thirty seven smokers that wanted to stop smoking without any nicotine replacement therapy or medication were recruited for this study. Fifteen smokers succeeded in stopping smoking (validated by urine cotinine levels ≤50 ng/mL) and 22 smokers failed. Therefore, only the 15 that succeeded were included in the analysis. The plasma adiponectin levels were determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results-The mean age of the successful 15 was 35±9.3 years old. They were all males. The daily smoking habit was a mean of 13.5±5.4 cigarettes per day. The mean Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS) and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) scores were 55.6±9.6 and 2.9±1.9. During the study period of three months, the mean body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and body weight increased by 1.1 kg/m2, 3.0%, 0.02%, and 2.9 kg, respectively. The baseline mean adiponectin level in the subjects was 11.9±5.2 mg/L. The mean adiponectin levels measured at one and three months were 16.0±5.1 mg/L and 14.7±4.5 mg/L respectively. The mean plasma adiponectin levels of the successful group was significantly increased after four weeks when compared to the baseline (z=-2.401, p=0.016). However, the decrease in plasma adiponectin levels at one and three months was not statistically significant. Conclusion-Even though the decrease over the next two months was not significant, these findings, the increase of plasma level of adiponectin after smoking cessation, provide preliminary data for future research on the possible mechanisms associated with smoking cessation and changes in body metabolism.