Non-thermal plasma enhances rice seed germination, seedling development, and root growth under low-temperature stress

Bian Jing-Yang,Guo Xiao-Yu,Lee Dong Hun,Sun Xing-Rong,Liu Lin-Shuai,Shao Kai,Liu Kai,Sun Hu-Nan,Kwon Taeho 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

Recently, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technologies have found widespread application across diverse fields, including plant growth, medical science, and biological and environmental research. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is exceptionally sensitive to temperature changes. Notably, low-temperature stress primarily affects the germination and reproductive stages of rice, often leading to reduced crop yield. This study aimed to identify optimal conditions for enhancing rice seed germination and seedling growth under low temperatures using NTP technology. Our research indicated that NTP treatment at 15.0 kV for 30 s optimally promotes rice seed germination and growth under low-temperature stress. Furthermore, NTP treatment increases the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), under low-temperature conditions. Moreover, it downregulates the expression of β-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] synthase I (KASI) and cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED3) and upregulates the expression of alternative oxidase (AOX1B), BREVIS RADIX-like homologous gene (BRXL2), WRKY transcription factor 29 (WRKY29), and EREBP transcription factor 2 (EREBP2) in roots after tandem 7 days lowtemperature (16 ℃) and 7 days room-temperature (28 ℃) treatments. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the involvement of various key genes in phosphotransferase activity, phosphate-containing compound metabolic processes, and defense responses. These analyses provide comprehensive information on gene expression at the transcriptional level, offering new insights for a deeper understanding of candidate genes required for root growth in rice.

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials and Emerging Analytical Techniques for Probing the Immune Micro-Environment

Bian Nanyan,Chu Chenyu,Rung Shengan,Huangphattarakul Vicha,Huangphattarakul Vicha,Huangphattarakul Vicha,Hu Chen 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.1

After implantation of a biomaterial, both the host immune system and properties of the material determine the local immune response. Through triggering or modulating the local immune response, materials can be designed towards a desired direction of promoting tissue repair or regeneration. High-throughput sequencing technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) emerging as a powerful tool for dissecting the immune micro-environment around biomaterials, have not been fully utilized in the field of soft tissue regeneration. In this review, we first discussed the procedures of foreign body reaction in brief. Then, we summarized the influences that physical and chemical modulation of biomaterials have on cell behaviors in the micro-environment. Finally, we discussed the application of scRNA-seq in probing the scaffold immune micro-environment and provided some reference to designing immunomodulatory biomaterials. The foreign body response consists of a series of biological reactions. Immunomodulatory materials regulate immune cell activation and polarization, mediate divergent local immune micro-environments and possess different tissue engineering functions. The manipulation of physical and chemical properties of scaffolds can modulate local immune responses, resulting in different outcomes of fibrosis or tissue regeneration. With the advancement of technology, emerging techniques such as scRNA-seq provide an unprecedented understanding of immune cell heterogeneity and plasticity in a scaffold-induced immune micro-environment at high resolution. The in-depth understanding of the interaction between scaffolds and the host immune system helps to provide clues for the design of biomaterials to optimize regeneration and promote a pro-regenerative local immune micro-environment.

Molecular structure and physicochemical properties of starch isolated from hydrothermally treated brown rice flour

Bian, L.,Chung, H.J. IRL Press 2016 Food hydrocolloids Vol.60 No.-

<P>The impact of single and dual hydrothermal treatments on the molecular structure, crystalline structure, in vitro digestibility, and physicochemical properties of starches isolated from hydrothermally treated brown rice flour was investigated. Annealed rice starch (ANN) exhibited no significant change in molecular structure, whereas heat-moisture treated rice starch (HMT) showed decreased apparent amylose content, molecular weight of amylopectin, average chain length of amylopectin, and long amylopectin branch chains (DP >=> 37). The relative crystallinity, intensity ratio of 1045 cm(-1)-1015 cm(-1), and gelatinization enthalpy remained unchanged in ANN, but significantly decreased in HMT. In dually modified starches, the HMT-ANN had higher gelatinization temperatures, gelatinization enthalpy, relative crystallinity and ratio of 1045 cm(-1)-1015 cm(-1) than the ANN-HMT. Hydrothermal treatment substantially increased starch digestibility in the granular state, showing increased rapidly digestible starch (RDS) content and decreased resistant starch (RS) content. However, in the gelatinized starches, ANN and HMT showed decreased RDS level and increased slowly digestible starch (SDS) and RS levels. The changes in amounts of RDS, SDS, and RS in ANN, HMT and dually modified starches could be attributed to the alteration of crystalline and molecular structures. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

B-meson anomalies and Higgs physics in flavored $$U(1)'$$ U ( 1 ) ′ model

Bian, Ligong,Lee, Hyun Min,Park, Chan Beom Springer-Verlag 2018 The European physical journal. C, Particles and fi Vol.78 No.4

Penrose s ladder of more governance, more governance

Bian Yuandihan,Wang Tengfei 아시아사회과학학회 2021 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.4 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to explain the reasons why overload and overrun can t be cured repeatedly, which is the premise of effective overload control. At the shallow level, this is a law enforcement problem. The level of law enforcement involves many factors, such as insufficient law enforcement resources, fragmented law enforcement governance, weakening law enforcement perception, power rent-seeking and so on. Legislative level, there are some challenges whether the overly technical legislative construction can be completed by law enforcement departments. On the aspect of law-abiding, the law-abiding behavior of law-abiding people will have adverse effects on them, which is contrary to the assumption of rational people. At the deep level, there are some fundamental dynamic mechanisms in Shuangchao.This includes, but is not limited to, the inertia of overloaded culture in local society, the demand of huge infrastructure for heavy-duty transportation, the pursuit of economic efficiency by Chinese speed, and the differences between central and local economic protection.

Steady-state response and free vibration of an embedded imperfect smart functionally graded hollow cylinder filled with compressible fluid

Bian, Z.G.,Chen, W.Q.,Zhao, J. Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.4

A smart hollow cylinder consisting of a host functionally graded elastic core layer and two surface homogeneous piezoelectric layers is presented in this paper. The bonding between the layers can be perfect or imperfect, depending on the parameters taken in the general linear spring-layer interface model. The effect of such weak interfaces on free vibration and steady-state response is then investigated. Piezoelectric layers at inner and outer surfaces are polarized axially or radially and act as a sensor and an actuator respectively. For a simply supported condition, the state equations with non-constant coefficients are obtained directly from the formulations of elasticity/piezoelasticity. An approximate laminated model is then introduced for the sake of solving the state equations conveniently. It is further assumed that the hollow cylinder is embedded in an elastic medium and is simultaneously filled with compressible fluid. The interaction between the structure and its surrounding media is taken into account. Numerical examples are finally given with discussions on the effect of some related parameters.

Gravitational Waves, baryon asymmetry of the universe and electric dipole moment in the CP-violating NMSSM

Bian, Ligong,Guo, Huai-Ke,Shu, Jing IOP Publishing 2018 Chinese physics. C Vol.42 No.9

CP violation effects in the diphoton spectrum of heavy scalars

Bian, Ligong,Chen, Ning,Zhang, Yongchao American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review D Vol.96 No.9

<P>In a class of new physics models, an extended Higgs sector and new CP-violating sources are simultaneously present in order to explain the baryon asymmetry in the Universe. The aim of this work is to study the implications of beyond the Standard Model (SM) CP violation for the searches of heavy scalars at the LHC. In particular, we focus on the diphoton channel searches in the CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model (CPV 2HDM). To have a sizable CPV in the scalar sector, the two heavy neutral scalars in 2HDM tend to be nearly degenerate. The theoretical constraints of unitarity, perturbativity and vacuum stability are considered, which requires that the heavy scalars M-H less than or similar to 1 TeV in a large region of the parameter space. The experimental limits are also taken into account, including the direct searches for heavy neutral scalars in the final state of the SM h, W and Z bosons; the differential (tt) over bar data; those from the charged scalar sector which is implied by the oblique T parameter; and the precise measurements of the electric dipole moments of electrons and mercury. The quantum interference effects between the resonances and the SM background are crucially important for the diphoton signals, and the CPV mixing of the quasidegenerate heavy scalars could enhance significantly the resonance peak. With an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb(-1) at the LHC, almost the whole parameter space of CPV 2HDM could be probed in the diphoton channel, and the CPV could also be directly detected via the diphoton spectrum.</P>

Anti-dumping Laws and Oligopolistic Trade

Bian, Jiang,Gaudet, Ge´rard 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1997 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.12 No.1

We study the effect of anti-dumping laws in a differentiated products quantity-setting oligopoly. Dumping may or may not occur in the model and may or may not be reciprocal. We show that the effect of adopting an anti-dumping policy on the welfare of the importing country is ambiguous. It can even lead to an increase in the consumers' surplus in the importing country. Hence the importing country may in some cases find strong reasons for the adoption of an anti-dumping policy. We then study the endogenous determination of the equilibrium anti-dumping policies in a two-stage game with reciprocal dumping in which the two governments simultaneously choose anti-dumping policies in a first stage. We provide a sufficient condition, relating the degree of substitutability in demand between the two goods and transport cost, in order for each country to have an incentive to deviate unilaterally from free trade in the presence of anti-dumping laws. We show that governments acting cooperatively to maximize world welfare should choose to endorse the institution of anti-dumping law.(JEL Classification: F12, F13, L13)

Future prospects of mass-degenerate Higgs bosons in the CP -conserving two-Higgs-doublet model

Bian, Ligong,Chen, Ning,Su, Wei,Wu, Yongcheng,Zhang, Yu American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.97 No.11

<P>The scenario of two mass-degenerate Higgs bosons within the general two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) is revisited. We focus on the global picture when two CP-even Higgs bosons of h and H are nearly mass-degenerate. A global fit to the signal strength of the 125 GeV Higgs measured at the LHC is performed. Based on the best-fit result of the 2HDM mixing angles (alpha, beta), theoretical constraints, charged and CP-odd Higgs boson direct search constraints and the electroweak precision constraints are imposed to the 2HDM parameter space. We present the signal predictions of the (4b, 2b2 gamma) channels for the benchmark models at the LHC 14 TeV runs. We also study the direct Higgs boson pair productions at the LHC, and the Z-associated Higgs boson pair production search at the ILC 500 GeV runs, as well as the indirect probes at the CEPC 250 GeV run. We find that the massdegenerate Higgs boson scenario in the Type-II 2HDM can be fully probed by these future experimental searches.</P>