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곽계환 ( Kwak Kae Hwan ),고갑수 ( Go Gab Su ),곽경헌 ( Kwak Kyung Hern ) 한국농공학회 1996 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.38 No.3
In recent years, the research and development about the new material proceeds rapidly and actively. In building industry, high strength concrete is of interest as a new material. Since the building structure becomes bigger, higher and more specialized, the demand of material and member with high strength expands greatly. Therefore in this experiment, cement complex with high strength was made using the condensed silica fume, a basic experiment was performed on strength property, and optimum-mixture-state was determined for manufacturing a high-strength concrete. Shear behaviour and fracture property of concrete beams with high strength were evaluated. On the whole, in spite of many researches, it is one of the difficult problems that shear fracture of concrete beams has not yet been clearly understood theoretically, and now the shear-design-standard forms in many countries are a formula based on experiment. In this study, the variable of shear behavior experiment was shear-reinforcement-ratio. By analyzing test results and comparing with computation value by ACI code, the basic data was offered on shear design of reinforced concrete beams with high strength. The effect of epoxy repair was also investigated for the beams with cracks due to flexural and shear loading.
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스냅스루 좌굴을 이용한 미소스위치의 설계, 제작 및 실험
고정상,조영호,곽병만,박관흠,Go, Jeung-Sang,Cho, Young-Ho,Kwak, Byung-Man,Park, Kwan-Hum 대한기계학회 1996 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.20 No.2
A snapping-beam microswitch has been designed, fabricated and tested. From a design analysis, necessary and sufficient conditions for a snap-through switching fouction have been derived for a clamped shallow beam. The necessary condition has resulted in a geometric relation, in which the ratio of beam thickness to initial beam deflection plays a key role in the snapping ability. The sufficient condition for the snapping action has been obtained as a function of the inertia force due to applied acceleration, and the electrostatic force, adjustable by an inter-electrode voltage. For experimental investigations, a set of microbeams of silicon dioxide/$P^+$silicon bimorphs have been fabricated. Geometric size and mechanical behavior of each material film have been measured from on-chip test structures. Estimated and measured characteristics of the fabricated devices are compared.
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곽우혁,최한고,박원우 金烏工科大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.-
This paper describes a nonlinear adaptive noise canceller using neural networks as the nonlinear adaptive filter, which is suitable for extracting periodic signals and nonstationary signals contaminated with broadband noise. Two neural networks. feedforward (FNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), are used as nonlinear adaptive filters. In this paper, it assumes that the noise of the primary input in the adaptive noise canceller is not the same characteristic as that of the reference input. Performance of the proposed noise canceller is evaluated using peripdic sawtooth signal and speech signal with white noise, and than compared with conventional adaptive noise canceller of linear structure. Experimental results show that the neural network based noise canceller outperforms the linear noise canceller. It is also verified that the RNN adaptive filer performs best with respect to noise rejection of mean square error.
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고철호,송현수,윤존도,곽재표 경남대학교 신소재연구소 2002 신소재연구 Vol.14 No.-
폐불가사리를 이용하여 고순도의 산화칼슘, 인산일수소 칼슘(DCPD, DCPA)과 파이로인산 칼슘(CPP) 등의 칼슘제제를 제조하였으며, 제조된 인산일수소 칼슘(DCPA)은 순도가 96.8%, 입도가 5.5㎛, 비표면적이 10.3㎡/g이었으며, 94%의 백색도를 가지는 양질의 분말인 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 DCPA를 하소하여 제조한 파이로인산 칼슘(CPP, Ca_2P_2O_7)의 순도는 97.9%, 입도가 4.4㎛, 비표면적인 1.5㎡/g이었으며, 백색도는 98%, pH는 7.0±0.2이었다. Calcium Oxide(CaO), Dicalcium Phosphates Dihydrate(DCPD), Dicalcium Phosphates Anhydrate(DCPA) and Calcium Pyrophosphates(CPP) of High purity were prepared from starfish by heat treatment and chemical reaction. It was characterized that Dicalcium Phosphates Anhydrate(DCPA) was the purity of 96.8%, the particle sized of 5.5㎛, specific surface area of 10.3㎡/g and standard of white color of 94%. It was characterized that Calcium Pyrophosphates(CPP) prepared from Dicalcium Phosphates Anhydrate(DCPA) was the purity of 97.9%, the particle size of 4.4㎛, the specific surface area of 1.5㎡/g, standard of white color of 98% and 7.0±0.2pH.
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Go, Min Jin,Hwang, Joo-Yeon,Kim, Young Jin,Hee Oh, Ji,Kim, Yeon-Jung,Heon Kwak, Soo,Soo Park, Kyung,Lee, Juyoung,Kim, Bong-Jo,Han, Bok-Ghee,Cho, Myeong-Chan,Cho, Yoon Shin,Lee, Jong-Young Springer-Verlag 2013 Journal of human genetics Vol.58 No.6
<P>Most recently, 1-h hyperglycemia has been recognized as an additional risk factor for type 2 diabetes. To date, previous genome-wide association studies for glycemic traits have a limited impact on the fasting state and 2-h plasma glucose level in an oral glucose challenge. To identify genetic susceptibility in different stages of glucose tolerance, we performed a meta-analysis for glycemic traits including 1-h plasma glucose (1-hPG) from 14?232 non-diabetic individuals in the Korean population. Newly implicated variants (MYL2, C12orf51 and OAS1) were found to be significantly associated with 1-hPG. We also demonstrated associations with gestational diabetes mellitus. Our results could provide additional insight into the genetic variation in the clinical range of glycemia.</P>
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Go, M. J.,Lee, Y.,Park, S.,Kwak, S. H.,Kim, B. J.,Lee, J. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of human genetics Vol.61 No.12
<P>To date, genome-wide meta-analyses have identified genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) predominantly in populations of European ancestry. However, comprehensive genetic-risk assessment based on previous GWAS loci has not been fully tested in non-European populations. To evaluate whether a genetic-risk score (GRS) could improve T2D-risk prediction in the Korean population, a GRS (GRS-55) was constructed by summing 55 risk alleles based on the 1000 Genomes imputation in the Korean Association Resource study (T2D cases = 1042 and controls = 2943 at baseline). We also constructed another GRS (GRS-19) based on nominal significance and consistent direction of effect. In mean difference tests, the mean value of the GRS-19 was significantly higher in T2D cases than in controls at baseline examination. In a model adjusted for area, age, sex and body mass index, weighted GRS-19 was found to be associated with enhanced effect sizes of T2D risk under consistent C-statistics. In addition, we confirmed cumulative risk effects on incidence rates of T2D, fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in a longitudinal 10 year of follow-up study. These findings highlight that a genotype score comprised of 19 common variants contributed to T2D-risk prediction in the Korean population. Further multi-locus epistatic interactions may provide the possibility to improve risk prediction in C-statistics for discrimination or reclassification.</P>
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Kwak, Soo Heon,Park, Young Joo,Go, Min Jin,Lee, Kyu Eun,Kim, Su-jin,Choi, Hoon Sung,Kim, Tae Hyuk,Choi, Sung Hee,Lim, Soo,Kim, Ki Woong,Park, Do Joon,Kim, Sung Soo,Lee, Jong-Young,Park, Kyong Soo,Jang IRL Press 2014 Human molecular genetics Vol.23 No.16
<P>Genetic factors are thought to be an important determinant of thyroid function and autoimmunity. However, there are limited data on genetic variants in Asians. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study on plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT<SUB>4</SUB>) concentration and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody positivity in 4238 Korean subjects. In the Stage 1 genome scan, 3396 participants from the Ansung cohort were investigated using 1.42 million genotyped or imputed markers. In the Stage 2 follow-up, 10 markers were genotyped in 842 participants from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging cohort. An intronic variant in <I>VAV3,</I> rs12126655, which has been reported in Europeans, was significantly associated with plasma TSH concentration in the joint Stages 1 and 2 analyses (<I>P</I> = 2.2 × 10<SUP>−8</SUP>). We observed that a novel variant, rs2071403, located 75 bp proximal to the translational start site of <I>TPO</I> was significantly associated with plasma anti-TPO antibody positivity in the joint Stages 1 and 2 analyses (<I>P</I> = 1.3 × 10<SUP>−10</SUP>). This variant had a marginal sex-specific effect, and its association was more significant in females. Subjects possessing the rs2071403A allele, associated with an absence of the anti-TPO antibody, had decreased TPO mRNA expression in their thyroid tissue. Another intronic variant of <I>HLA-DPB2</I>, rs733208, had a suggestive association with anti-TPO antibody positivity (<I>P</I> = 4.2 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>). In conclusion, we have identified genetic variants that are strongly associated with TSH level and anti-TPO antibody positivity in Koreans. Further replications and meta-analysis are required to confirm these findings.</P>
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A Genome-Wide Association Study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Women
Kwak, Soo Heon,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Cho, Young Min,Go, Min Jin,Cho, Yoon Shin,Choi, Sung Hee,Moon, Min Kyong,Jung, Hye Seung,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Kang, Hyun Min,Cho, Nam H.,Lee, In Kyu,Kim, Seong Yeon,Han, Bok- American Diabetes Association 2012 Diabetes Vol.61 No.2
<P><B/></P><P>Knowledge regarding the genetic risk loci for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is still limited. In this study, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association analysis in Korean women. In the stage 1 genome scan, 468 women with GDM and 1,242 nondiabetic control women were compared using 2.19 million genotyped or imputed markers. We selected 11 loci for further genotyping in stage 2 samples of 931 case and 783 control subjects. The joint effect of stage 1 plus stage 2 studies was analyzed by meta-analysis. We also investigated the effect of known type 2 diabetes variants in GDM. Two loci known to be associated with type 2 diabetes had a genome-wide significant association with GDM in the joint analysis. rs7754840, a variant in <I>CDKAL1</I>, had the strongest association with GDM (odds ratio 1.518; <I>P</I> = 6.65 × 10<SUP>−16</SUP>). A variant near <I>MTNR1B</I>, rs10830962, was also significantly associated with the risk of GDM (1.454; <I>P</I> = 2.49 × 10<SUP>−13</SUP>). We found that there is an excess of association between known type 2 diabetes variants and GDM above what is expected under the null hypothesis. In conclusion, we have confirmed that genetic variants in <I>CDKAL1</I> and near <I>MTNR1B</I> are strongly associated with GDM in Korean women. There seems to be a shared genetic basis between GDM and type 2 diabetes.</P>
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Association of variations in TPH1 and HTR2B with gestational weight gain and measures of obesity.
Kwak, Soo Heon,Park, Byoung Lae,Kim, Hail,German, Michael S,Go, Min Jin,Jung, Hye Seung,Koo, Bo Kyong,Cho, Young Min,Choi, Sung Hee,Cho, Yoon Shin,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Jang, Hak C,Park, Kyong Soo NAASO, the Obesity Society 2012 Obesity Vol.20 No.1
<P>Serotonin is involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. Recently, it has been reported that 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (Htr2b) and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1) play major role in β-cell proliferation in mouse during pregnancy. We investigated the genetic association of HTR2B and TPH1 with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and measures of obesity, in 869 Korean GDM women and carefully selected 632 nondiabetic control subjects. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HTR2B and ten SNPs in TPH1 were selected for genotyping according to their tagging status. Genetic variants in HTR2B and TPH1 were not associated with the risk of GDM. In GDM women, SNPs of TPH1 were significantly associated with weight gain during pregnancy. In nondiabetic controls, SNPs of TPH1 were associated with waist circumference and BMI. We also found that a variant of TPH1 (rs623580) was associated with BMI in a genome-wide association study comprised of 8,842 subjects. Although genetic variants in HTR2B and TPH1 were not associated with risk of GDM, we found significant association of these variants with measures of obesity. However, further replication studies in a different population are required to confirm our findings.</P>
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