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Biomanagement of sago-sludge using an earthworm, Lampito mauritii.
Banu, J Rajesh,Yeom, Ick Tae,Esakkiraj,Kumar, Naresh,Lee, Young Woo,Vallinayagam, S The Academy 2008 Journal of environmental biology Vol.29 No.5
<P>In the present study vermicomposting was carried out at three different concentrations of sago-sludge namely 50, 75 and 100% with an indigenous earthworm, Lampito mauritii for a period of 50 days. The fecundity of earthworm Lampito mauritii was found to be high in 50%. At the end of 50 days composting period. There were about 12 cocoons, 5 juveniles and 2 nonclitellates appeared at 50% sago-sludge concentration. The microbial analysis showed that after 40 days of composting their population stabilized and further increase in composting period did not increase their population size. Chemical analysis of Lampito mauritii worked substrates showed there is a step wise increase of nitrogen and phosphorus. The fold increase of phosphorus and nitrogen were found to be high for sago-sludge undergoing vermicomposting than the control. From the initial value of 1.8, 1.4 and 0.5 mg kg(-1) total nitrogen increased in a stepwise manner and reached a value of 5.8, 3.9 and 2.3 mg kg(-1), respectively for vermicomposting at 50, 75 and 100%. During composting the organic carbon decreased from its initial value of 56, 74 and 107 mg kg(-1) to 15, 25 and 58 mg kg(-1) for vermicomposting and 34, 45 and 72 mg kg(-1) for 50, 70 and 100% control, respectively. The results indicate that 50% and 75% concentration of sludge mixed with bedding material was ideal for the vermicomposting.</P>
Banu Sezer,Ismail Hakki Boyaci 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.2
This study aims to assess the stability and activity of using a lyophilization, formulation design and to evaluate their efficiency for controlling Salmonella in chicken meat. The phage-loaded 0.3 M sucrose gelatin mixture at 4 and 25 °C displayed significantly less phage titer loss (p < 0.05) than the other excipients and liquid phage cocktail in 12 months. The results showed that there were significant reductions of Salmonella at the end of the storage in chicken meat for newly prepared phage powder (1.86 log CFU/cm2 and 2.18 log CFU/cm2), lyophilized phage powders stored at 4 °C (1.08 log CFU/cm2 and 1.26 log CFU/cm2) and stored at 25 °C (0.66 log CFU/cm2 and 1.00 log CFU/cm2) for 10 months at MOI 100 and 1000, respectively. The results demonstrated that lyophilized phages in a simple food grade formulation can be successfully stored and might be used in biocontrol of Salmonella in meat.
Banu, Shahara,Cho, Yunae,Kim, Kihwan,Ahn, Seung Kyu,Gwak, Jihye,Cho, Ara Elsevier 2019 Solar energy Vol.188 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>CuSbS<SUB>2</SUB> (CAS) thin films were deposited via a non-vacuum hybrid ink method onto a Mo/soda lime glass (SLG) substrate. To fabricate the CAS films, Cu-Sb precursors were spin coated and then annealed with sulfur powder. During annealing, different amounts of sulfur powder were used to control the crystal orientation of the films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were employed to examine the crystal orientation by calculating the texture co-efficient and Lotgering factor. It was found that the S-flux amount during sulfurization was a critical parameter for controlling the crystal orientation and phase transition of the CAS structure. Originally, CAS has an orthorhombic structure; however, if the S-flux was higher than the optimum, a pseudo-phase transition from orthorhombic to cubic was observed. In addition, the electrical characteristics and defect properties were conducted for the solar cells prepared with various S-flux to understand the difference in the photovoltaic performances affected by the structural change. Admittance spectroscopy revealed that the defect levels were shallower in the CAS solar cell with an orthorhombic structure, which could have contributed to the better photovoltaic performance than that of the cubic structure. The CAS solar cell deposited with low S-flux exhibited dominant V<SUB>S</SUB> <SUP>2+</SUP> defects; however, for excessive S-flux, Cu<SUB>Sb</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP> became prominent.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A pseudo-phase transition of CuSbS<SUB>2</SUB> from orthorhombic to cubic was observed for excess S-flux. </LI> <LI> Role of S-flux on structural and defect properties of CuSbS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films were studied. </LI> <LI> Orthorhombic CuSbS<SUB>2</SUB> showed shallower defect energy levels than that of cubic structure. </LI> <LI> Therefore, orthorhombic CuSbS<SUB>2</SUB> photovoltaic cells showed improved PV performances. </LI> </UL> </P>
Banu, J. Rajesh,Kannah, R. Yukesh,Kavitha, S.,Gunasekaran, M.,Yeom, Ick Tae,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.347 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present study highlights the options to enhance the methane potential of partially digested anaerobic sludge using disperser-induced bacterial disintegration. Floc dispersion with no biomass disintegration was achieved at a disperser-specific energy input of 9.5 kJ/kg TS. The outcomes of both sole bacterial disintegration (S-BD) and disperser-induced bacterial disintegration (D-BD) were assessed in terms of changes in lysate, biopolymer release and increase in biodegradability and methane generation. A higher lysate solubilization of about 22.4% was achieved in D-BD compared to S-BD (11.3%), indicating the efficiency of floc dispersion prior to bacterial disintegration. The biochemical methane result implies that D-BD shows higher methane potential of 0. 279 gCOD/gCOD. Considering the overall outcome achieved in this study, disperser-induced bacterial disintegration is proved to be an effective disintegration process for enhanced biodegradation and higher methane production.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Disintegration of digested sludge is a promising technique for bioenergy generation. </LI> <LI> Floc dispersion was achieved at lesser disperser input energy of 9.5 kJ/kg TS. </LI> <LI> A higher lysate solubilization of 22.4% was achieved in floc dispersed sample. </LI> <LI> Biopolymer release of floc dispersed sludge was higher (1379.8 and 394.2 mg/L) </LI> <LI> Result of methane reveals the effect of floc dispersion prior to disintegration. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Banu Gürkan Köseoğlu,Hülya Koçak,Şükrü Öztürk,Şükrü Palanduz,Kıvanç Çefle 연세대학교의과대학 2008 Yonsei medical journal Vol.49 No.5
Purpose: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are frequently used in oral surgical procedures in dentistry. The evaluation of the frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is accepted as a reliable cytogenetic method to assess the genotoxic effects of environmental factors. Materials and Methods: In this study, the genotoxic effects of various NSAIDs were assessed in 30 patients to who they were administered following encluosed third molar surgery using SCE analysis before and after the operation. The frequency of SCE was evaluated before the operation and after 3 days of etodolac, nimesulid and naproxen use. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of SCE between the preoperative and postoperative states in patients given etodolac, nimesulid or naproxen sodium. Conclusion: Short term use of selective and non-selective NSAIDs was not associated with a significant genotoxic effect that could be detected using the SCE method in peripheric lymphocytes.
Biomanagement of sago-sludge using an earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae.
Banu, J Rajesh,Yeom, Ick Tae,Esakkiraj, S,Kumar, Naresh,Logakanthi, S The Academy 2008 Journal of environmental biology Vol.29 No.2
<P>Sago, the tapioca starch is manufactured by over 800 small-scale units located in the Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India. During the processing of sago it generates huge quantities of biodegradable solid waste, as crushed tubers. In present study an attempt was made to convert these biodegradable solid sago tubers into value added compost using an exotic earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae. The experiments were carried out in a plastic tray at various concentrations of sago-sludge (50% 75% and 100%) for a period of 90 days. During the vermicomposting, data were collected on life form (cocoon, non clitellates, clitellates) of earthworm and it was found to be high in 50% followed by 75% and 100% concentrations. Chemical analysis of worked substrates showed a step wise increase of nitrogen and phosphorus. The fold increase of phosphorus and nitrogen were found to be high for sago-sludge undergoing vermicomposting than the control. During the composting period the organic carbon decreased from its initial value of 58, 76 and 107 mg/kg to 21, 24 and 65 mg/kg for 50, 70 and 100%, respectively The microbial analysis showed that after 75 days of composting, their population stabilized and further increase in composting period did not increase their population size. The results indicate that 50% and 75% concentration of sludge mixed with bedding material was ideal for the vermicomposting.</P>
A study on the performance of a pilot scale A2/0-MBR system in treating domestic wastewater.
Banu, J Rajesh,Uan, Do Khac,Chung, Ik-Jae,Kaliappan, S,Yeom, Ick-Tae The Academy 2009 Journal of environmental biology Vol.30 No.6
<P>Phosphorus and nitrogen are the important eutrophication nutrients. They were removed in the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O) system through biologically. The use of pilot scale A2/O systems with immersed membranes in removing nutrients phosphorus and nitrogen were investigated over a period of 150 days. The A2/O membrane bio reactor (MBR) was operated at a flux of 17 LMH. The designed flux was increased stepwise over a period of one week. The reactor was operated with the mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) concentrations in the range of 7000-8000 mg l(-1). The phosphorus removal was found to be in the range of 74-84%. The ammonification was completed in the aerobic zone and the ammonia concentration was almost nil. Nitrate concentration in the anoxic zone was found to be in the range of 0.3-1.6 mg l(-1) indicating efficient denitrification. The nitrogen removal efficiency of the A2/O-MBR system was in the range of 68 to 75%. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the effluent was in the range of 8-5 mgl(-1) indicating the efficiency of membrane. During the period of reactor operation transmembrane pressure (TMP) of the reactor increased slowly from 0 to 6 -cmHg over a period of 150 days.</P>