Elements of Tree Adjoining Grammer

Aravind K. Joshi 대한전자공학회 1990 대한전자공학회 워크샵 Vol.1990 No.-

Population Mobility, Lockdowns, and COVID-19 Control: An Analysis Based on Google Location Data and Doubling Time from India

Aravind Gandhi Periyasamy,U Venkatesh 대한의료정보학회 2021 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.27 No.4

Objectives: Physical distancing is a control measure against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Lockdowns are a strategyto enforce physical distancing in urban areas, but they are drastic measures. Therefore, we assessed the effectiveness of thelockdown measures taken in the world’s second-most populous country, India, by exploring their relationship with communitymobility patterns and the doubling time of COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis based on communitymobility patterns, the stringency index of lockdown measures, and the doubling time of COVID-19 cases in Indiabetween February 15 and April 26, 2020. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the stringency index, communitymobility patterns, and the doubling time of COVID-19 cases. Multiple linear regression was applied to predict thedoubling time of COVID-19. Results: Community mobility drastically fell after the lockdown was instituted. The doublingtime of COVID-19 cases was negatively correlated with population mobility patterns in outdoor areas (r = –0.45 to –0.58). The stringency index and outdoor mobility patterns were also negatively correlated (r = –0.89 to –0.95). Population mobilitypatterns (R2 = 0.67) were found to predict the doubling time of COVID-19, and the model’s predictive power increased whenthe stringency index was also added (R2 = 0.73). Conclusions: Lockdown measures could effectively ensure physical distancingand reduce short-term case spikes in India. Therefore, lockdown measures may be considered for tailored implementationon an intermittent basis, whenever COVID-19 cases are predicted to exceed the health care system’s capacity to manage.

Fixed and Flexible Phrase Structure : Coordination in Tree Adjoining Grammars

Aravind K. Joshi,Schabes, Yves 서울대학교 어학연구소 1990 語學硏究 Vol.26 No.4

In this paper, we present an initial formulation of how a combinatory categorial grammar (CCG)-like account of coordination can be constructed in the framework of lexicalized tree adjoining grammar (TAG). In particular, we show how a fixed constituency can be maintained at the level of the elementary trees of lexicalized TAG and yet be able to achieve the kind of flexibility needed for dealing with the so-called non-constituents. In a CCG, being a constituent is the same as being a function. We show that this need not be the case and standard notions of constituency can be maintained. The main idea is that we use the lexicalized trees of TAG as 'structured' categories with the associated functional types. We have not described the coordination schema in detail, we have illustrated our ideas by suitable examples.

Morphological, Agronomic, and Yield Characterization of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) Germplasm Accessions

Aravind Kumar Jukanti,Ramakrishna Bhatt,Ramavtar Sharma,Rajwant Kaur Kalia 한국작물학회 2015 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

Cluster bean is an important legume crop of the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. In the present study, 140 germplasm lines of cluster bean were evaluated for agronomic and yield traits. Wide variation was observed among agronomic and yield-related traits among the accessions, making selection possible for different characters. High heritability (> 85%) coupled with high genetic advance (> 30%) was observed for yield per plant (TY), pods per cluster (PDSCL), and clusters on main branch (CLMN). Pod length (PDLT) and total pods per plant (TDP) explained 30% and 72% of variability in seed number per pod (SDN) and TY, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed significant variation among the characters with the first four principal components explaining about 70.8% of the total variation. Projecting the germplasm accession onto the first two principal components revealed two groups: (i) accessions showing high PDSCL, TPD, and TY and (ii) accessions having high SDN. Among the 140 germplasm lines evaluated, IC-421815 (TY - 31.5 g plant-1; TPD - 139.8; and PDSCL - 6.6) and IC-370563 (31.2 g plant-1, 134.0 and 7.4) were the best performing lines compared to the checks. The information presented in this manuscript would be used for cluster bean breeding.

Clostridioides difficile Infection Is Associated with Adverse Outcomes among Hospitalized Pediatric Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

Aravind Thavamani,Krishna Kishore Umapathi,Jasmine Khatana,Senthilkumar Sankararaman 대한소아소화기영양학회 2022 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: Studies in adults have shown an increasing incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis (AP). There is lack of epidemiological data on CDI and its impact on hospitalized pediatric patients with AP. Methods: We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample and Kids' Inpatient Database between the years 2003 and 2016 and included all patients (age <21 years) with a primary diagnosis of AP using specific International Classification of Diseases codes. We compared clinical outcomes between children with CDI and those without CDI. Our primary outcome was severe AP and secondary outcomes included length of stay and hospital charges. Results: A total of 123,240 hospitalizations related to AP were analyzed and CDI was noted in 0.6% of the hospital. The prevalence rate of CDI doubled from 0.4% (2003) to 0.8% (2016), p=0.03. AP patients with CDI had increased comorbidities, and also underwent more invasive surgical procedures, p<0.05. AP patients with CDI had a higher in-hospital mortality rate and increased prevalence of severe AP, p<0.001. Multivariate regression models showed that CDI was associated with 2.4 times (confidence interval [CI]: 1.91 to 3.01, p<0.001) increased odds of severe AP. CDI patients had 7.24 (CI: 6.81 to 7.67, p<0.001) additional hospital days while incurring $59,032 (CI: 54,050 to 64,014, p<0.001) additional hospitalization charges. Conclusion: CDI in pediatric patients with AP is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and increased healthcare resource utilization. Further studies are needed to elucidate this association to prevent the development of CDI and to improve outcomes.

Portable Wireless Sensor for Visual Activity Measurement

( Aravind Ajay ),( Samanth Varma Kotte ),( Bhanupriya Dandumahanti ),( Murali Subramaniyam ) 한국감성과학회 2023 한국감성과학회 국제학술대회(ICES) Vol.2023 No.-

This research work reveals the possibility of measuring Visual fatigue parameters in a portable wireless approach. Confronted the challenge through the process of designing, material selection, choosing Operational mechanism, utilizing 3D printing, coding, and assembly. A universally adaptable elastic mobile case has been designed to accommodate various orientations and it incorporates a precisely designed module comprising of a Raspberry Pi 4B, a Lithium-ion battery, power source, an efficient heat venting fan, all securely affixed to the rear side of the case. The program is created, tested and results were obtained through inbuilt Realtek integrated camera and finally code transferred into the raspberry pi and measured using IR camera for high range and precise parameter measurement. In addition to primary objectives, cost reduction is another integral goal of this project. This project holds significant potential for the advancement of visual health and will be benefited to the society.

Rising Burden of Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders and Their Adverse Impact on Health Care Expenditure in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Aravind Thavamani,Jasmine Khatana,Krishna Kishore Umapathi,Senthilkumar Sankararaman 대한소아소화기영양학회 2023 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.26 No.1

Purpose: The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasing along with an increasing number of patients with comorbid conditions like psychiatric and behavioral disorders, which are independent predictors of quality of life. Methods: Non-overlapping years (2003-2016) of National Inpatient Sample and Kids Inpatient Database were analyzed to include all IBD-related hospitalizations of patients less than 21 years of age. Patients were analyzed for a concomitant diagnosis of psychiatric/ behavioral disorders and were compared with IBD patients without psychiatric/behavioral disorder diagnoses for outcome variables: IBD severity, length of stay and inflation-adjusted hospitalization charges. Results: Total of 161,294 IBD-related hospitalizations were analyzed and the overall prevalence rate of any psychiatric and behavioral disorders was 15.7%. Prevalence rate increased from 11.3% (2003) to 20.6% (2016), p<0.001. Depression, substance use, and anxiety were the predominant psychiatric disorders. Regression analysis showed patients with severe IBD (odds ratio [OR], 1.57; confidence interval [CI], 1.47-1.67; p<0.001) and intermediate IBD (OR, 1.14; CI, 1.10-1.28, p<0.001) had increased risk of associated psychiatric and behavioral disorders than patients with a low severity IBD. Multivariate analysis showed that psychiatric and behavioral disorders had 1.17 (CI, 1.07-1.28; p<0.001) mean additional days of hospitalization and incurred additional $8473 (CI, 7,520-9,425; p<0.001) of mean hospitalization charges, independent of IBD severity. Conclusion: Prevalence of psychiatric and behavioral disorders in hospitalized pediatric IBD patients has been significantly increasing over the last two decades, and these disorders were independently associated with prolonged hospital stay, and higher total hospitalization charges.

Removal of Flatulence-inducing Sugars by Using Free and Polyvinyl Alcohol Immobilized α-Galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae

Aravind Goud G. Patil,Veerappa H. Mulimani 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.3

Consumption of soymilk and soybean derived foods has been hampered due to the presence of RFOs (raffinose family oligosaccharides). Soy-based foods free from RFOs have positive impact on their acceptance as protein rich food. α-Galactosidase was entrapped in PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) cross linked with boric acid. Immobilized enzyme showed shift in optimum pH of 0.4 units and the activity yield of the immobilized α-galactosidase was found to be 76%. Immobilized enzyme was used to reduce RFOs in soymilk. In batch reaction after 12 h incubation soluble and immobilized enzyme showed 92 and 83% reduction of RFOs in soymilk, respectively. In repeated batch experiments immobilized enzyme showed 64% of its hydrolyzing activity after 6th cycle. PVA-immobilized α-galactosidase in fluidized bed reactor showed highest reduction (92%) of RFOs at a flow rate of 30 mL/h. The results of this study are interesting for their use in food processing industry.

Burden of Psychiatric Disorders among Pediatric and Young Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Analysis

Aravind Thavamani,Krishna Kishore Umapathi,Jasmine Khatana,Reema Gulati 대한소아소화기영양학회 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.6

Purpose: There is increasing prevalence of psychiatric disorders among inflammatory bowel Disease (IBD) population. Further, presence of psychiatric disorders has been shown as an independent predictor of quality of life among patients with IBD. We intended to explore the prevalence of various psychiatric disorders among pediatric and young adult population with IBD as a population-based analysis. Methods: We did a retrospective case control analysis using a deidentified cloud-based database including health care data across 26 health care networks comprising of more than 360 hospitals across USA. Data collected across different hospitals were classified and stored according to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms. We preidentified 10 psychiatric disorders and the queried the database for the presence of at least one of the ten psychiatric disorders among IBD patients between 5 and 24 years of age and compared with controls. Results: Total of 11,316,450 patients in the age group between 5 and 24 years and the number of patients with a diagnosis of IBD, Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis were 58,020. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 21.6% among IBD mainly comprising of depression and anxiety disorder. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed, IBD is 5 times more likely associated with psychiatric disorders than controls, p<0.001). We showed a steady increasing trend in the incidence of psychiatric disorders among IBD patients (2% in 2006 to 15% in 2017). Conclusion: Largest population-based analysis demonstrated an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders among IBD patients. Our study emphasizes the need for psychological and mental health services to be incorporated as a part of the routine IBD clinic.

A New Class of Double Integrals

Aravind K. Anil,Prathima J.,김인숙 한국수학교육학회 2021 純粹 및 應用數學 Vol.28 No.2

In this paper we aim to establish a new class of six definite double integrals in terms of gamma functions. The results are obtained with the help of some definite integrals obtained recently by Kim and Edward equality. The results established in this paper are simple, interesting, easily established and may be useful potentially.