Presidential Public Diplomacy 2.0: Seven Lessons to Prevent Fire in Cyberspace

dos Santos, Niedja de Andrade e Silva Forte The Korean Association for Public Diplomacy 2021 Journal of public diplomacy Vol.1 No.1

The Amazon fires in summer 2019 triggered an incendiary Twitter debate between French president Emmanuel Macron and Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro that engaged political leaders, celebrities, and audiences worldwide. Currently, diplomats-in-chief connect to the global public through completely open debates, often without proper advice from foreign-affairs ministers, which may result in misunderstandings and conflicts among world leaders. Hence, this study argues that these interactions must be supported by Nicholas Cull's seven lessons in public diplomacy. The main topic on hand is presidential public diplomacy performed through digital means in cyberspace. Thus, after distinguishing cyberspace, digital diplomacy, and cyberdiplomacy, the literature review focuses on presidential public diplomacy, presidential diplomacy on Twitter, and Cull's seven lessons. Subsequently, the case study method provides a snapshot of the debate between Macron and Bolsonaro over the Amazon fires. This study concludes by answering the research question and indicating grist for the mill with regard to future developments.

Measurements of Microhardness During Transient Horizontal Directional Solidification of Al-Rich Al-Cu Alloys: Effect of Thermal Parameters, Primary Dendrite Arm Spacing and Al2Cu Intermetallic Phase

André Santos Barros,Igor Alexsander Magno,Fabrício Andrade Souza,Carlos Alberto Mota,Antonio Luciano Moreira,Maria Adrina Silva,Otávio Lima Rocha 대한금속·재료학회 2015 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.21 No.3

In this work, the effect of the growth rate (VL) and cooling rate (TR), primary dendritic arm spacing (1) and Al2Cu intermetallic phase on the microhardness was investigated during transient horizontal directional solidification of Al-3wt%Cu and Al-8wt%Cu alloys. Microstructural characterization of the investigated alloys was performed using traditional techniques of metallography, optical and SEM microscopy and X-Ray diffraction. The microhardness evolution as a function of the thermal and microstructural parameters (VL, TR, and 1) was evaluated using power and Hall-Petch type experimental laws, which were compared with other laws in the literature. In order to examine the effect of the Al2Cu intermetallic phase, microhardness measurements were performed in interdendritic regions. Finally, a comparative analysis was performed between the experimental data of this work and theoretical models from the literature that have been proposed to predict primary dendrite arm spacing, which have been tested in numerous works considering upward directional solidification.

Genetic variability of six indigenous goat breeds using major histocompatibility complex-associated microsatellite markers

Patricy de Andrade Salles,Silvana C. Santos,Davide Rondina,Mathias Weller 대한수의학회 2011 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.12 No.2

The present study aimed at analyzing the genetic variability of indigenous goat breeds (Capra hircus) using the MHC-associated microsatellite markers BF1, BM1818, BM1258, DYMS1, and SMHCC1. The following breeds were included: Chinese Xuhuai, Indian Changthangi and Pashmina, Kenyan Small East African (SEA) and Galla, and Albanian Vendi. To examine genetic variability, the levels of heterozigosity, degrees of inbreeding, and genetic differences among the breeds were analyzed. The mean number of alleles ranged from nine in the Galla to 14.5 in the Vendi breed. The mean observed heterozygosity and mean expected heterozygosity varied from 0.483 in the Vendi to 0.577 in the Galla breed, and from 0.767 in the SEA to 0.879 in the Vendi breed, respectively. Significant loss of heterozygosity (p < 0.01) indicated that these loci were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The mean FIS values ranged from 0.3299 in the SEA to 0.4605 in the Vendi breed with a mean value of 0.3623 in all breeds (p < 0.001). Analysis of molecular variance indicated that 7.14% and 4.74% genetic variation existed among the different breeds and geographic groups, whereas 92.86% and 95.26% existed in the breeds and the geographic groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The microsatellite marker analysis disclosed a high degree of genetic polymorphism. Loss of heterozygosity could be due to genetic drift and endogamy. The genetic variation among populations and geographic groups does not indicate a correlation of genetic differences with geographic distance.

Analysis of the Abilities of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Banana Tree Roots to Promote Plant Growth

Leandro Fernandes Andrade,Gleika Larisse Oliveira Dorasio de Souza,Silvia Nietsche,Adelica Aparecida Xavier,Marcia Regina Costa,Acleide Maria Santos Cardoso,Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira,Débora Franc 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.1

A total of 40 endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from banana tree roots were characterized for their biotechnological potential for promoting banana tree growth. All isolates had at least one positive feature. Twenty isolates were likely diazotrophs and formed pellicles in nitrogen-free culture medium, and 67% of these isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus sp. The isolates EB-04, EB-169, EB-64, and EB-144had N fixation abilities as measured by the Kjeldahl method and by an acetylene reduction activity assay. Among the 40isolates, 37.5% were capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphate and the isolates EB-47 and EB-64 showed the highest solubilization capacity. The isolate EB-53 (Lysinibacillus sp.)had a high solubilization index, whereas 73% of the isolates had low solubilization indices. The synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of L-tryptophan was detected in 40% of the isolates. The isolate EB-40 (Bacillus sp.)produced the highest amount of IAA (47.88 μg/ml) in medium supplemented with L-tryptophan and was able to synthesize IAA in the absence of L-tryptophan. The isolates EB-126 (Bacillus subtilis) and EB-47 (Bacillus sp.) were able to simultaneously fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate and produce IAA in vitro. The results of this study demonstrated that the isolates analyzed here had diverse abilities and all have the potential to be used as growth-promoting microbial inoculants for banana trees.

Prevalence of Benign Diseases Mimicking Lung Cancer: Experience from a University Hospital of Southern Brazil

Homrich, Gustavo Kohler,Andrade, Cristiano Feijo,Marchiori, Roseane Cardoso,Dos Santos Lidtke, Grazielli,Martins, Fabio Pacheco,Dos Santos, Jose Wellington Alves The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2015 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.78 No.2

Background: Lung cancer is the most lethal type of cancer in the world. Several benign lung diseases may mimic lung carcinoma in its clinical and radiological presentation, which makes the differential diagnosis for granulomatous diseases more relevant in endemic regions like Brazil. This study was designed to describe the prevalence and the diagnostic work-up of benign diseases that mimic primary lung cancer in patients hospitalized at a university hospital from south of Brazil. Methods: This was a transversal study, which evaluated the medical records of 1,056 patients hospitalized for lung cancer treatment from September 2003 to September 2013 at University Hospital of Santa Maria. Results: Eight hundred and four patients underwent invasive procedures for suspected primary lung carcinoma. Primary lung cancer was confirmed in 77.4% of the patients. Benign disease was confirmed in 8% of all patients. Tuberculosis (n=14) and paracoccidioidomycosis (n=9) were the most frequent infectious diseases. The diagnosis of benign diseases was obtained by flexible bronchoscopy in 55.6% of the cases and by thoracotomy in 33.4%. Conclusion: Infectious diseases are the most frequent benign diseases mimicking lung cancer at their initial presentation. Many of these cases could be diagnosed by minimally invasive procedures such as flexible bronchoscopy. Benign diseases should be included in the differential diagnosis during the investigation for primary lung cancer in order to avoid higher cost procedures and mortality.

A Systematic Review of Data Exchange Formats in Advanced Interaction Environments

Celso A. S. Santos,Estêvão B. Saleme,Juliana C. S. de Andrade 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.5

The advent of advanced user interface devices has raised the interest of industry and academia in finding new modes of Human-Computer Interaction. Advanced interfaces employ gesture recognition, as well as motion and voice capturing to enable humans to interact naturally with interactive environments without utilizing any of the traditional devices like mice, joysticks or keyboards. Many approaches have been developed using a large variety of sensors to capture human interaction information and then provide further processing and recognition of the acquired information. However, the majority of these approaches usually focus on the actual implementation of the various stages that comprise an advanced interaction environment. Thus, the need for defining common data formats for improving integration and reutilization of these solutions are typically not addressed. On the other hand, this study aims at surveying existing research on integrating devices into interactive environments, at different interoperability levels and in data formats, identifying techniques and patterns of conveying information from the real world to the virtual world, in order to synthesize results, organize applicable documents by similarities and identify future research needs.

Impact of Zinc Stress on Biochemical and Biophysical Parameters in Coffea Arabica Seedlings

Jacqueline Oliveira dos Santos,Cinthia Aparecida Andrade,Kamila Rezende Dázio de Souza,Meline de Oliveira Santos,Isabel Rodrigues Brandão,Jose Donizeti Alves,Iasminy Silva Santos 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3

Zinc is an essential micronutrient for the healthy development of plants, since its insufficient and supraoptimal doses can disrupt the metabolism and biomass production. We aimed to investigate the physiological responses of coffee seedlings to Zn deficiency and excess. Six-month-old seedlings were transferred to plastic pots containing a nutrient solution. The treatments were control (0.03 ppm), zinc deficiency (0.00 ppm), and zinc excess (0.12 ppm). The evaluations were performed in leaves and roots at the beginning of the treatments and after 30 and 60 d of treatments. Zn deficiency and excess increased the production of hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzymes activity, ascorbate, and lipid peroxidation contents. The imbalance in zinc nutrition reduced total chlorophyll content and increased carotenoids content throughout the experimental period. Lower biomass and proline accumulation were observed only for deficient seedlings at the end of the experiment. The characteristics analyzed showed that zinc deficiency caused greater damage to the Coffea arabica plants of (Catuai cultivar) than zinc excess.

Metastases of Melanoma to Head and Neck Mucosa: A Report of Short Series

Raphaela Silva Leandro Santos,Marília Ferreira Andrade,Fábio de Abreu Alves,Luiz Paulo Kowalski,Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez 대한이비인후과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.9 No.1

Objectives. Metastasis of melanoma to the head and neck mucosa is a very unusual condition. The aim of this study was to report four cases of patients with metastatic melanoma in the head and neck mucosa treated at a single institution. Methods. Clinical data were obtained from the medical records. All cases were histologically reviewed to confirm the diagnosis, and immunohistochemical reactions were performed in the cases submitted to biopsy. Results. All patients were males and the mean age was 40.5 years old. The sites of the metastatic tumors were gingival mucosa, floor of the mouth, oropharynx, and larynx. Two tumors appeared as submucosal nodules with normal color; one lesion was a blackish nodular lesion, and one was shown to be an ulcerated lesion. The size of tumors ranged from 2.0 to 4.0 cm. All patients had developed systemic disease at time of diagnosis of metastatic tumor in the head and neck mucosa. Survival rates ranged from 2 to 19 months after the diagnosis of the metastatic mucosal melanoma in the head and neck region. Conclusion. Although rare, patients with melanoma must be closely and regularly followed up, with careful routine examination of head and neck, because metastatic tumors in this region seem to be part of a lethal widespread metastatic disease.

Dietary Soy Isoflavones Prevent Metabolic Disturbs Associated with a Deleterious Combination of Obesity and Menopause

Luciano Evangelista dos Santos Filho,Grazielle Prates Lourenço dos Santos,Jussara Andrade Silva,Fernanda de Abreu Silva,Mirlana Neves Silva,Amanda Alves de Almeida,Raildo da Silva Coqueiro,Cândido Cel 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.2

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation (25 mg/kg) on insulin resistance and inflammation in adipose tissue in an experimental model of menopause–obesity. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (O) and distributed among the groups: OSD—ovariectomized rats submitted to normocaloric standard diet (n = 6); OHF—ovariectomized rats submitted to high-fat diet (n = 9); and OHFI—ovariectomized rats submitted to high-fat diet with isoflavones (n = 9). Weight gain, body adiposity, food and caloric intake, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance were assessed. After 24 weeks, the rats were euthanized; the thoracic blood collected for serum insulin determination and the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance) (HOMA-IR) and homeostatic model assessment-β cell (HOMA-β) indices were calculated. Abdominal adipose tissues were removed, weighed, and fixed for immunohistochemical and morphometric studies. Isoflavones decreased weight gain and blood pressure without changing the food and caloric intake (P < .05). Isoflavones did not affect the weight of the abdominal adipose tissue depots (P < .05). Although they did not alter glucose tolerance, the isoflavones reduced HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, serum insulin levels, in addition to reducing adipocytes' size (P < .05). The number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and crown-like structures in adipose tissue was lower in the group treated with isoflavones (P < .05). In conclusion, our data show that dietary soy isoflavones' supplementation prevents many of well-known deleterious combination of obesity and menopause on metabolism, such as body overweight, adipocyte hypertrophy, and hypertension, as well as insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation.

Effect of the solid state fermentation of cocoa shell on the secondary metabolites, antioxidant activity, and fatty acids

Ozana Almeida Lessa,Nadabe dos Santos Reis,Selma Gomes Ferreira Leite,Melissa Limoeiro Estrada Gutarra,Alexilda Oliveira Souza,Simone Andrade Gualberto,Julieta Rangel de Oliveira,Elizama Aguiar-Olivei 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

During cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) processing, the accumulated cocoa shell can be used for bioconversion to obtain valuable compounds. Here, we evaluate the effect of solid-state fermentation of cacao flour with Penicillium roqueforti on secondary metabolite composition, phenol, carotenoid, anthocyanin, flavonol, and fatty acids contents, and antioxidant activity. We found that the total concentrations of anthocyanins and flavonols did not change significantly after fermentation and the phenolic compound and total carotenoid concentrations were higher. The fermentation process produced an increase in saponin concentration and antioxidant activity, as well as significant changes in the levels of oleic, linoleic, gamma-linolenic, and saturated fatty acids. Based on our findings, we propose that the reuse of food residues through solid state fermentation is viable and useful.