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Spatiotemporal patterns of homicide rates in Tehran metropolitan area, Iran
Alireza Mohammadi 대한공간정보학회 2023 Spatial Information Research Vol.31 No.4
The aim of this study was to detect significant temporal, spatial, and space–time patterns in homicide incidents in Tehran, Iran. Tehran is one of the cities with the highest rates of violent crime, with an average of 60 intentional homicides annually. This study examined and analysed the spatiotemporal patterns of intentional homicide in 22 municipality regions of Tehran metropolis using data from 590 victims (from 2008 to 2018). To detect statistically significant areas with a high rate of homicide incidences, an integrated scan-statistics and geographic information systems methodology was used. The study's findings indicate that during the period of rising crime from 2009 to 2011, the central and southern regions of the city (regions 9, 12, 16, and 20) with average rates of 10 per 100,000 experienced the highest rates of homicide. According to this study’s space–time cluster analysis findings, regions 9, 16, and 20 were the city hotspots with the highest homicide risk, with local relative risk values exceeding 2.56. These regions have a poor quality of life and numerous environmental problems. In high-risk regions, these findings may lead to useful preventative measures combined with appropriate socioeconomic and environmental improvement. The findings’ implications and directions for future research are addressed.
Alireza Bahramian,Mohsen Mohammadi,Mahdi Akbari,Mahdi Sadeghi Naeeni,Zahra Fakhroueian 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.2
The effects of N2, CH4 and CO2 injection on asphaltene precipitation have been experimentally investigated using a reservoir oil fluid from south of Iran, making use of light transmission method. The results are compared and the effects of injected gases on reducing asphaltene colloidal stability in oil are found in the following order: CH4>N2>CO2. It is observed that CO2 can act like an inhibitor and can increase the solubility of asphaltene, decreasing the asphaltene precipitation onset. A thermodynamic discussion explains the effect of CO2 on the solubility of asphaltene based on the solubility parameters of recombined oil and CO2, calculated from Peng-Robinson equation of state along with an empirical correlation for volumetric properties of CO2.
Alireza Asghari,Bahram Mohammadi 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.3
A green, novel and efficient solid phase extraction method based on the use of nano-alumina (nano-Al2O3) coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and modified with 4-(2-Pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) asa new adsorbent was developed for separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of Ni, Pb, Cu andZn ions prior to determination by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Under the optimum conditions (eluent: HNO3, 4.0 mL, 3.0 mol L-1; adsorbent: 0.8 g of nano-Al2O3,40 mg of SDS, 8.6 mg of PAR; and sample: pH 6, flow rate 2.0 mL min-1), adsorption capacity of nano-Al2O3-SDS-PAR, enrichment factors and limits of detection for the analytes were 8.7–12.9 mg g-1, 125–250, and 0.12–0.71 mg L-1, respectively. The proposed method presented excellent repeatability withrelative standard deviations less than 1.6% (n = 10), and calculated calibration curves gave good level oflinearity with correlation coefficient values between 0.989 and 0.999. Finally, the feasibility of themethod was evaluated by extraction and determination of Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn ions in rice seed, apple juice,coriander, lettuce and tap water samples.
A Study of the Diastereoselectivity of Diels-Alder Reactions on the Ce-SiO2 as Support
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani*,Alireza Badiei,Azam Miralami 대한화학회 2008 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.29 No.1
The diastereoselectivity of Diels-Alder reactions were studied on the silica surface supported with different concentrations of cerium ion as efficient Lewis acid catalysts under solvent-free conditions. The results showed that the diastereoselectivity of reaction was highly improved in these conditions. The cerium ion was grafted on silica surface by using ion exchange method.
Serum Levels of MMP9 and MMP2 in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Lotfi, Alireza,Mohammadi, Ghodrat,Tavassoli, Atena,mousaviagdas, Mehrnoosh,Chavoshi, Hadi,Saniee, Lale Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer in the oral area. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 are increased in malignancy and lymph node involvement in oral SCCs. We aimed to evaluate the serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with oral SCC compared to normal subjects and their relation with clinicopathological findings. Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 20 patients with oral SCC and 20 healthy subjects were included and serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were compared between groups. Also, the correlation between these markers with clinicopathological findings including grade (T) and node (N) were evaluated. Results: Patients with oral SCC had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2 (p=0.01) and MMP-9 (p<0.001) compared to healthy subjects. With increase in grade T, MMP-2 was significantly increased (p=0.001), but in the MMP-9 case this was not significant (p=0.27). The levels of MMP-2 (p=0.002) and MMP-9 (p=0.01) in cases with lymph node involvement and that of MMP-2 in subjects with smoking history (p=0.001) were significantly high. There was significantly positive correlation between MMP-2 with grade T tumor (r=0.598, p=0.005), lymph node involvement (r=0.737, p<0.001) and smoking (r=0.674, p=0.001) and also between MMP-9 and lymph node involvement (r=0.474, p=0.03). Conclusions: Both markers are significantly increased in oral SCC compared to healthy subjects. However, MMP-2 was better for evaluating lymph node involvement and tumor grade.
( Azam Mohammadi ),( Mahshid Naseri ),( Hamid Namazi ),( Mohammad Javad Ashraf ),( Alireza Ashraf ) 대한폐경학회 2016 대한폐경학회지 Vol.22 No.2
Objectives: To investigate the role of sex-hormonal changes in idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) among post-menopausal women through measuring estrogen receptor (ER) expression in their transverse carpal ligament (TCL) and serum estrogen level, as well as determine the correlation between these factors and electrodiagnostic parameters and Boston score. Methods: Biopsy samples of TCL were collected from 12 postmenopausal women who had undergone surgery for severe idiopathic CTS; control specimens were collected from 10 postmenopausal women without CTS who had undergone surgery for the other hand pathologies. To determine the distributions of ER in TCL, histological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed. Serum estrogen level was also measured. Electrodiagnosis and Boston questionnaire were used for CTS severity and determination of the patients’ function. Results: ER expression in TCL and serum estrogen level were not significantly different in the case group compared to the control group (P = 0.79 and P = 0.88, respectively). Also, there was no correlation between ER expression or serum estrogen level and electrodiagnostic parameters or Boston score. Conclusions: Sex hormones cannot still be considered as the etiology of idiopathic CTS in postmenopausal women. The role of other factors such as wrist ratio and narrower outlet in females compared to the males should be considered along with hormonal changes. (J Menopausal Med 2016;22:80-86)
Prediction of the bond strength of ribbed steel bars in concrete based on genetic programming
Emadaldin Mohammadi Golafshani,Alireza Rahai,Seyedeh Somayeh Hosseini Kebria 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2014 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.14 No.3
This paper presents the application of multi-gene genetic programming (MGP) technique for modeling the bond strength of ribbed steel bars in concrete. In this regard, the experimental data of 264 splice beam tests from different technical papers were used for training, validating and testing the model. Seven basic parameters affecting on the bond strength of steel bars were selected as input parameters. These parameters are diameter, relative rib area and yield strength of steel bar, minimum concrete cover to bar diameter ratio, splice length to bar diameter ratio, concrete compressive strength and transverse reinforcement index. The results show that the proposed MGP model can be alternative approach for predicting the bond strength of ribbed steel bars in concrete. Moreover, the performance of the developed model was compared with the building codes' empirical equations for a complete comparison. The study concludes that the proposed MGP model predicts the bond strength of ribbed steel bars better than the existing building codes' equations. Using the proposed MGP model and building codes' equations, a parametric study was also conducted to investigate the trend of the input variables on the bond strength of ribbed steel bars in concrete.
Lotfi, Alireza,Mohammadi, Ghodrat,Saniee, Lale,Mousaviagdas, Mehrnoosh,Chavoshi, Hadi,Tavassoli, Atena Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15
Background: Laryngeal cancer is an important malignancy in head and neck area and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common type accounting for 95% of cases. Increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in different tumors and their correlation with tumor invasiveness has been documented. However, most studies have evaluated MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and few have evaluated serum levels. The aim of current study was to evaluate serum levels in patients with laryngeal SCC compared to normal subjects and assess any relation with tumor clinicopathological findings. Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 20 patients with oral SCC and 20 healthy subjects were included. Serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were compared between groups and correlations with findings including grade (T) and node involvement (N) were evaluated. Results: Patients with laryngeal SCC had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2 (p=0.01) and MMP-9 (p=0.03) compared to healthy subjects. Patients with higher T stage (T3,4) had significantly higher MMP-2 (p=0.04) and MMP-9 (p=0.01). There was significant positive correlation between serum levels of MMP-2 with T stage (r=0.45, p=0.04) and lymph node involvement (r=0.563, p=0.01) and between levels of MMP-9 with T stage (r=0.527, p=0.01). Conclusions: Our results showed that compared to healthy subjects, both MMP-2 and MMP-9 are significantly increased in serum of laryngeal SCC cases. MMP-2 was correlated with lymph node involvement while MMP-9 has stronger correlation with T stage compared to MMP-2.