Data Hiding approach based on Eight-Queens Problem and Pixel Mapping Method

Abhishek Bansal,Sunil Kumar Muttoo,Vinay Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5

A new steganographic algorithm is presented using pixel mapping method based on eight queens and number of ones in pixel intensity value. In our method, we are sequentially selecting 81 pixel blocks to embed message bit. The method works with randomizing the bit selection in the 81 pixel block using eight queens’ solutions. This approach finds relationship between secret message and cover image according to the pixel mapping table. In this paper, we have presented a secure image steganography technique with acceptable levels of imperceptibility and distortion in the cover image. In presenting algorithm, security is considered by the randomize selection of eight queen’s solutions based on a seed value. The presented algorithm not only provides high level security, but also produces high capacity and good imperceptibility. The algorithm has been tested with different image file formats like BMP, TIFF and PNG.

Tensile and fracture characterization using a simplified digital image correlation test set-up

Abhishek Kumar,S. Vishnuvardhan,A. Rama Chandra Murthy,G. Raghava 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.69 No.4

Digital image correlation (DIC) is now a popular and extensively used full-field metrology technique. In general, DIC is performed by using a turnkey solution offered by various manufacturers of DIC. In this paper, a simple and economical set-up for DIC is proposed which uses easily accessible digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera rather than industrial couple-charged device (CCD) cameras. The paper gives a description of aspects of carrying a DIC experiment which includes experimental set-up, specimen preparation, image acquisition and analysis. The details provided here will be helpful to carry DIC experiments without specialized DIC testing rig. To validate the responses obtained from proposed DIC set-up, tension and fatigue tests on specimens made of IS 2062 Gr. E300 steel are determined. Tensile parameters for a flat specimen and stress intensity factor for an eccentrically-loaded single edge notch tension specimen are evaluated from results of DIC experiment. Results obtained from proposed DIC experiments are compared with those obtained from conventional methods and are found to be in close agreement. It is also noted that the high resolution of DSLR allows the use of proposed approach for fracture characterization which could not be carried out with a typical turnkey DIC solution employing a camera of 2MP resolution.

Influence of imperfectly bonded piezoelectric layer with irregularity on propagation of Love-type wave in a reinforced composite structure

Abhishek Kumar Singh,Mriganka Shekhar Chaki,Bristi Hazra,Shruti Mahto 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.62 No.3

The present paper investigates the propagation of Love-type wave in a composite structure comprised of imperfectly bonded piezoelectric layer with lower fiber-reinforced half-space with rectangular shaped irregularity at the common interface. Closed-form expression of phase velocity of Love-type wave propagating in the composite structure has been deduced analytically for electrically open and short conditions. Some special cases of the problem have also been studied. It has been found that the obtained results are in well-agreement to the Classical Love wave equation. Significant effects of various parameters viz. irregularity parameter, flexibility imperfectness parameter and viscoelastic imperfectness parameter associated with complex common interface, dielectric constant and piezoelectric coefficient on phase velocity of Love-type wave has been reported. Numerical computations and graphical illustrations have been carried out to demonstrate the deduced results for various cases. Moreover, comparative study has been performed to unravel the effects of the presence of reinforcement and piezoelectricity in the composite structure and also to analyze the existence of irregularity and imperfectness at the common interface of composite structure in context of the present problem which serves as a salient feature of the present study.

3D Printing: It’s Microfluidic Functions and Environmental Impacts

Abhishek Sharma,Jitendra K. Pandey,Surajit Mondal,Amit Kumar Mondal,Soumadeep Baksi,Ravi Kumar Patel,추원식 한국정밀공학회 2017 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.4 No.3

Innovative micro products essential for the utilization of a wide variety of macro subjects have complicated three-dimensional (3D) microstructures in addition to a high aspect ratio. Till date, many micro manufacturing processes have been developed, but a specific class of such processes is applicable for fabrication of true 3D micro assembly. The aptitude to process a broad range of materials and the ability to fabricate functional and geometrically complicated, 3D microstructures provides the additive manufacturing (AM) processes which significant profits over traditional methods, such as lithography-based or micromachining approaches investigated widely in the past. In this paper, 3D micro-AM processes have been classified into three main groups, including scalable micro-AM systems, 3D direct writing, and hybrid processes, and the key processes have been reviewed comprehensively. Principle and recent progress of each 3D micro-AM process have been described, and the advantages and disadvantages of each process have low-cost along with its occupational health safety & environmental issues.

ARC DIMENSION OF A DIGRAPH

KUMAR ABHISHEK 장전수학회 2016 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.19 No.1

The results of Harary, Norman, and Cartwright on pointbases in finite digraphs to point- and arc-bases in infinite digraphs was extended by Acharya et.al, [1] by introducing the notion of arc bases of digraphs as follows, in a digraph D = (X, U), not necessarily finite, an arc (x, y) 2 U is reachable from a vertex u if there exists a directed walk W that originates from u and contains (x, y). A subset S ⊆ X is an arc-reaching set of D if for every arc (x, y) there exists a diwalk W originating at a vertex u ∈ S and containing (x, y) and an arc-basis as a minimal arc-reaching set. One of the main results reported in [1] is that all the arc bases of any finite digraph D have the same cardinality which led to the introduction of the notion of arc-dimension of D, denoted a(D), as the cardinality of an arc basis of D, In this article we establish the upper and lower bounds on a(D) + a(D←), a(D) + a(Dc), and establish some related results.

SOME NEW CLASSES OF HARMONIOUS GRAPHS

KUMAR ABHISHEK 장전수학회 2016 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.19 No.2

For a nite graph G of order p and size q, let V (G) and E(G) denote its vertex and edge set respectively. A harmonious labeling of a connected graph G is an injective function λ: V (G) → Zq such that the induced edge function λ* : V (G)→Zq defined as λ*(xy) ≡ [λ(x)+λ(y)]modq for each edge xy ∈ E(G) is a bijection whenever G is not a tree. If G is a tree, exactly one label may be used on two vertices. In this note we report some new classes of harmonious graphs.

Role of Informal Sector in Sustainable Resource Recycling from E-waste

( Abhishek Kumar Awasthi ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

The skyrocketing demand, new technologies, and high need lead to in unbelievable consumption of electronic and electrical equipments (EEEs). Though, these scientific growths and development reduced the overall life time of EEE, in that way generating bulks of e-waste. The e-waste management is becoming one of the big and serious challenge tackled in the twenty-first century owing to the escalating figure rise globally and mainly treated by informal sector, especially in developing countries, and leads to their potential cause of hazardous source of contamination and valuable materials loss. And due negative impact, these complex metallic and non-metallic fractions triggering severe negative impact causing within the natural ecosystem, risking the living species; if not dealt with appropriately. Hence, there is a demanding for quick action on the best e-waste management strategies for developing and developed countries. On the one side, the separation and recovery of the valuable and precious fractions from the e-waste may be an identical dimensional strategy of economic point of view, and while at the same time plunging the disturbing threats to natural ecology. Though, these risks are somehow better addressed by the developed countries to atleast some extent through the strict law enforcement, and appropriate recycling facilities. However, the many of the developing countries lacks the relevant focus law, gaps in policy and strategy making, socio-economic-environmental barriers, technology advances and limitations, and the proper handling facilities. This article identified some major gaps abstaining the best e-waste management approach, particularly in the developing. For example, the integration of the informal and formal sectors, authorised network registry, strict enforcements of relevant law, manufacturers obligation with improved eco-designs, regulated transboundary movements, better consumer awareness, and, investing on best recycling facilities as well as advance disposal services are very important. Additionally, substituting the conventional and traditional procedures with the innovative and eco-friendly scientific methods for example integrated processes using hybrid technologies and micro factories will significantly fixing the current barriers of the e-waste management. In conclusion, this article will be a thorough glancing for the forthcoming research on management of e-waste of small to larger scales. Therefore, in this article, the management of e-waste is evaluated having the developing countries recycling system as an example. This article presents systematic illustration of a simplified self-help group (SHG) park. The SHG park could use Apple’s Daisy robot, or similar technical assistance, and financial infrastructure as an eco-friendly model for supplementing a circular economy on e-waste management in developing countries. The motivation for creating SHGs approach, depicted in the box under robotic technology, include benefits to labour, public health, environmental protection, economic productivity and boosts for sustainable development. In order to scale up to support e-waste management at the national level in developing countries these SHG parks need support either through the micro-financial systems of the banks offering initial financial provisions, or through corporate social responsibility funding by involving experienced institutions/organizations to promote the SHG formation - and this must be implemented under the umbrella of the environmental regulatory authority of the country. Closing the current gaps in the circular economy framework for electronic waste will also require continuous monitoring and assessment to support the shift from waste disposal to recycling and resource recovery.

Hypercalcemia as Initial Presentation of Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of Gastric Origin: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Kumar, Mehandar,Kumar, Abhishek,Kumar, Vinod,Kaur, Supreet,Maroules, Michael The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2016 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.16 No.3

Hypercalcemia of malignancy due to metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma is extremely rare; in fact, to the best of our knowledge, only three case reports of hypercalcemia associated with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma have been published in the literature to date. Herein, we report a rare case involving a 61-year-old African-American female who had hypercalcemia at initial presentation and who was later diagnosed with poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with extensive liver metastases, without bone involvement. She was found to have elevated parathyroid hormone-related peptide and normal parathyroid hormone levels. Despite aggressive treatment, she died within a few months of diagnosis.

Immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase onto cellulose acetate-coated Fe2O3 nanoparticles for glycerolysis of olive oil

Abhishek Kumar Singh,Mausumi Mukhopadhyay 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.7

Candida antarctica lipase was covalently immobilized onto the surface of cellulose acetate-coated Fe2O3nanoparticles. The characterizations of immobilized lipase were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FTIR) and field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). The immobilized lipase was assayedfor production of monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG) by glycerolysis of olive oil in a solvent medium. Theeffect of various reaction conditions on the MG and DG production such as reaction time, temperature, the molar ratioof glycerol to oil and amount of immobilized lipase was investigated. The optimum condition for MG and DG productionwas found at 50 oC temperature and 0.025 g of lipase with the molar ratio of glycerol to oil 1.5 : 1 in 5 h of reactiontime. The effect of substrate concentration on enzymatic activity of the free and immobilized lipase showed the bestfits to the Lineweaver-Burk plots. The Km and Vmax values of immobilized lipase were found to be 25mM and 0.58mM/min, whereas that for free lipase was 52.63mM and 1.75mM/min, respectively. The activation and deactivation energywas found to decrease for immobilization of lipase on cellulose acetate-coated Fe2O3 nanoparticles.

Intraosseous Calcaneal Lipoma with Subtalar Perforation through Cystic Degeneration: A Case Report

Kumar, Abhishek,Stephanie, Stephanie,Choi, Jun Young,Chang, Sunhee,Suh, Jin Soo Korean FootAnkle Society 2015 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Intraosseous lipoma is a benign tumor that originates from proliferating mature lipocytes. It often occurs in the metaphysis of long bones of the lower extremity, and also in the calcaneus, humerus, mandible, sacrum, and rib bones. Frequently, it involutes spontaneously through a process of infarction, calcification, and cyst formation. It can either present as pain, or be asymptomatic and only discovered through an incidental radiological finding. In our case, the patient presented with heel pain. Intraoperatively, it was found that the intraosseous cavity was filled with fat along with an adjacent but separate area of cystic degeneration. There was also a cortical perforation at the cystic lesion which was communicating with the subtalar joint. This cortical breach is most likely the cause of diffuse lateral heel pain experienced by our patient, and such a pathological fracture due to intraosseous lipoma has never been reported.