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허광운(Kwang Woon Heo),이상철(Sang Chul Lee),이예승(Ye Seung Lee) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2008 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.32 No.4
As the rapid development of national economy people`s living standard has been enhancing further. People become to care their own health more and more and understand the value of body building with sports. It becomes hotspot to pay for health, enjoy the life, and improve quality of life. Demand of leisure sports expense grows gradually with the development of social product, economic, culture, and the sports and the change of people`s expense idea. As important part of expense of modern life and sports economical system and primary factor of promoting and forcing the development of sports industry, sports expense makes great sense not only to the change of entire social consumption structure and pattern but also to the advancement of sports industrial production and marketability, improvement of life enhancement, promotion of national quality, and popularization and the development of populace sports. Articles about sports expense of townsman in Yanbian in most of the literature material have not concerned the sports expense consciousness, the expense motive, the consumption level, and the investigation of consumption pattern except `The present situation and analysis ofstudents sports consume in Yanbian universities` by Jin Qingyun and Li Zhenghua, and `The present situation and analysis of Korean sports activity in Yanbian cities`. Therefore the research on these problems with theory and practice will support with policy to sports industry, sports expense and so on. And it will be more theory significance and the practical value. This thesis researches the present situation of sports expense of townsman in cities of Yanbian through literature methods, questionnaire survey, and mathematical method and so on. And initial conclusion is following: 1. Most of townsman in Yanbian have pay for sports, and they will further their leisure sports expense with the economical improvement. 2. From the investigation of leisure sports consumption level of townsman in Yanbian, rate of male and female is almost same of leisure sports expense within 100 yuan. But leisure sports expense between 100 and 300 yuan, rate of male is higher than female, Korean is higher than other nationalities, 16-30 year old of and 31-40 year old of age section inhabitant expends relatively high; in the different occupation, the teacher, the technical personnel, the medical personnel, business administrative personnel, the individual operator expend relatively high; in the different years of schooling, the higher is the education background the more will they have sports expense. 3. From the investigation of leisure sports consumption pattern of townsman in Yanbian, it is mainly the object leisure sports expense. The rate of purchasing sportwear shoes and hats is as highest as 24.5%; rate of object sports expense is 62.6%, rate of participation leisure sports expense is 12.3%, rate of admiring leisure sports expense is 11.1% in the expends of the leisure sports expense of townsman in Yanbian. There is no obvious difference among Han, Korean and other nationalities. 4. In the investigation of motive of leisure sports expense of townsman in Yanbian, first is body building accounts for 55.78%, next is leisure entertainment accounts for 46.89%, the esthetic demand accounts for 38.58% and the joyful body and mind accounts for 31.36%. 5. In the factors of improving the leisure sports expense of townsman in Yanbian, first is the interest of sports, next is the income and idea of sports values. In the factors of level of leisure sports expense of townsman, first is increasing of income and leisure time, next is facilities of playground and gymnasium and so on.
Antioxidative Activities in Rice Leaves Exposed to Ozone
이수연,허광운,황선웅,김태완,Sol Yun,Hyo Jin Lim,Jwa-Kyung Sung 한국작물학회 2004 Korean journal of crop science Vol.49 No.3
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants were cultivated to examine changes in antioxidative defence mechanism induced by elevated ozone levels. Catalase activities in tolerant Jinpumbyeo and susceptible Chucheongbyeo under ozone fumigation were reduced at 5 hrs and 3 hrs after ozone fumigation, respectively. With the increased ozone supply, peroxidase activity in Jinpumbyeo was steadily enhanced whereas in Chucheongbyeo it was not changed. Four SOD-isozymes were detected by NBT staining of native-PAGE. Two isozymes of them were obviously induced by ozone supply, particularly in Jinpumbyeo. The continuous ozone fumigation increased remarkably putrescine levels in leaves whereas it did not affect the levels of spermidine and spermine. In this study, it was implied that ozone in cell inhibits strongly diamine oxidase and thus promotes ethylene biosynthesis which will cause the senescence in rice plants.