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여성학대의 관계적 요인에 대한 성찰 -지배와 종속의 견지에서-
최재락 한국기독교상담심리학회 2008 한국기독교상담학회지 Vol.16 No.-
Korean society is rapidly changing. Now we are living in the culture of violence. Mainly women and girls are abused and killed by violence. Woman abuse is being done continuously through human history. As an effort to overcome the problem of woman abuse , we investigated the relational factors which are the basic causes of woman abuse in the perspective of dominance and subordination. First, we discussed the psychology and behavior of dominant group and subordinated group. Once women are prescribed as an inferior group, women themselves do not trust their capability. Further, their identity is formed in the psychological perspective which satisfies a dominant group. Subordinated group do not respond directly to the dominant group by covering their conflicts and try to get what they want to have in the disguised way. Such a behavior of subordinated women makes it difficult for the dominant group to repent. Secondly, we explained how subordinated women develop masochistic attitude. Genenally men make much importance of “power”and “selfdetermination,” Men use power to develop only themselves and oppress other people. Likewise , for men “self-determination”includes the meaning of oppressing other groups. But women do not want such a distorted power and self-determination. Women want a more useful power and selfdetermination which are helpful to all people. However , women are afraid of having power, so their fear of power is developed into masochistic attitude. They think that it easier to stay in the subordinated position than to resist an oppression. Thirdly, we discussed how women develop their ego through reclaiming conflict. Conflict was not permitted for women who are forced to remain as the subordinate. But when women use conflict in a creative way, they can be free from the bondage which the dominant group made. Ultimately, women’s problem can be solved only when they are concerned about their ego development and reflect on their problems objectively. Here, the important thing is that women’s self-consciousness must be formed in the moral context.
최재락 한국실천신학회 2012 신학과 실천 Vol.0 No.31
인간은 성장할 때 자신의 내면에서 느끼는 모순과 충동을 극복하지 못할 경우 자기 정체성을 확립하는데 어려움을 느낀다. 그러나 인간이 회심의 경험을 통해 하나님을 만나고 궁극적 가치를 체현할 수 있다면 이것은 자기정체성을 형성해 나가는 과정에서 큰 영향을 줄 것이다. 이 논문은 회심에 대하여 설명할 때 신학과 행동과학으로서의 심리학 사이에 존재하는 긴장을 극복하고 상호대화적인 간학문적 방법에 기초하여 연구되었다. 이러한 현대적인 접근방법에 따르면 회심에는 여러 요인들, 즉 갈등과 신경증, 초정상적 경험, 박탈감, 사회적·종교적 배경, 그리고 연령 등이 있다. 회심의 요인은 사람에 따라 다양하지만, 회심의 결과는 사람들 사이에 공통적인 면을 보여준다. 회심에는 성숙한 회심이 있는가 하면, 또 한편으로는 퇴보적이고 병리적인 유형의 회심이 있다. 전자의 경우에 회심은 분열된 자아를 통합시킴으로써 성장을 촉진시키고 정체성을 확립시킨다. 이러한 회심은 하나님에 대한 신뢰 속에서 거짓된 자아를 포기하고 참된 가치를 추구하게 한다. 그러나 후자의 경우에서 회심은 퇴보적인 유형의 지나친 신념, 강박적인 전도, 과장된 반이성, 경멸, 신앙을 위한 엄격한 처벌과 같은 태도를 보여준다. 우리는 이러한 결과에 기준하여 자신의 회심이 건강한 것인지 아니면 마술적인 것인지를 구분할 수 있다. 여기서 간과할 수 없는 것은 한국 교회가 부흥회를 통하여 시도하고 있는 회심에는 깊이 생각해야 할 문제점이 있다는 것이다. 일반적으로 부흥회는 인간의 종교경험에 고유성과 다양성이 있음을 고려하지 않는다. 제도적으로 유도된 계획된 회심은 하나님 앞에서 인간 영혼의 정직한 내적 투쟁을 약화시킬 수 있으며, 더 나아가서 병리적 유형의 회심으로 변질 될 가능성이 있다. Human beings feel difficulty in establishing self-identity when they cannot overcome inner contradiction and conflict in the growing process. But if human beings can meet God and embody ultimate value through conversion experience it is influential in establishing their self-identity. This study is researched on the basis of interdisciplinary method which overcomes the tension between theology and psychology as a behavioral science. According to this modern methodology, there are such factors as conflict and neurosis, transcendental experience, deprivation, social-religious background, and age in conversion experience. The result of conversion shows common aspects among people. There are mature conversion and pathological conversion. Mature conversion makes it possible to promote growth and synthesize divided ego. This type of conversion makes human being abandon false ego and investigate true value in trust for God. But pathological conversion shows such regressive attitude as excessive belief, obsessive mission, exaggerated antireason, contempt, strict punishment for belief. People can distinguish between wholesome conversion and magical conversion according to those results. Here we cannot overlook that the programmed conversion has the problem which needs to be criticized. Generally revival meeting does not consider variety and uniqueness of religious experience. Institutionally programmed conversion can weaken honest struggle of human soul in face of God. Further there is possibility which it can be deteriorated into pathological type of conversion.