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저소득층 치매노인 가족의 부양부담과 서비스 욕구에 관한 연구
최연옥(Yeon Ok Choi) 대한노인정신의학회 2005 노인정신의학 Vol.9 No.2
The poverty families, who take care of the demented elderly, can suffer from the deficiency of social services for dementia and the condition and nature the families have. Therefore, This study examines the burden of the poverty caring for the demented elderly. This study focused on the three points : the level of care burden of the families, who take care of the demented elderly ; the needs of welfare services ; the differences of care burden and service demand on trait of the families and the demented elderly. In order to achieve them, the 250 families, who take care of the demented elderly at home, were sampled and the primary caregivers of family member interviewed. Then, the statistics of the 226 people were analyzed by SPSSWIN. The major findings of the study were as follows : First, the level of the care burden the families of the demented elderly have, participated in this research, is higher than ‘a little yes’. In a type of the care burden, the social & personal restriction is higher than the other types, including physical restriction, economical restriction, and reciprocal restriction. Second, some families had used service and had a low satisfaction, because of no various and adequate services. It shows that the services for the demented elderly and their families is not enough to use, that the services is not various for the families having many problem related the demented elderly. Third, there are many services needed by the families caring for the demented elderly : residential care facilities for the demented elderly ; day care service center ; short-term care services ; family counseling service ; services at home ; nursing services at home ; night care services ; family meeting. Fourth, the most difficult thing of caring is the economic burden of the families. The families are willing to take care of the demented elderly at home, if the government supports economically them and serves proper services to them. Finally, the lower income of the families is, the more time of caring the demented elderly in a day is, the lower vital functions of the demented elderly are, and the lower level of academic achievement, the higher level of care burden of the families is. According to the result, the level of the care burden can be affected by the family’s economic capacity, the vital function of the demented elderly, and the existence of service for the demented elderly. For the elderly welfare especially, the demented elderly and their poverty families, three opinions may be suggested. First, the service programs based on community should be developed to reduce the burdens-economic, psychological, medical burden, etc. - of the poverty families caring for the demented elderly. These programs may include preventive service, education programs of dementia, diagnosis services, family counseling, and medical service. Second, the national government and the local government must try to make policies to solve the temporary problems of the family having the demented elderly.
사회적 기술 훈련 프로그램이 정신지체 청소년의 눈맞춤행동에 미치는 효과
최연옥 ( Yeon-ok Choi ),김영일 ( Young-il Kim ) 한국특수교육문제연구소 2004 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.5 No.3
본 연구의 목적은 사회적 기술 훈련 프로그램이 정신지체 청소년들의 눈맞춤 행동 증가에미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이었다. 본 연구는 단일대상 실험설계의 하나인 대상자간 중다기초선설계에 따라 수행했다. 연구 대상은 17-20세의 정신지체 학생 3명으로서 담임교사의 추천과 연구자의 관찰을 통해 선정되었다. 본 연구의 독립변인은 사회적 기술 훈련 프로그램이었으며, 각 회기의 프로그램 실시 방법은 욕구설정, 내용확인, 기술시연, 역할극 및 강화제공등 이었다. 본 연구의 종속변인은 대상학생들의 눈맞춤 행동 발생률이었으며, 10분간의 관찰회기를 20초 간격으로 동일하게 나누어 발생여부를 기록한 후 총 30등간 중 눈맞춤 행동을 보인 등간 수를 백분율로 나타낸 것이었다. 대상학생의 눈맞춤 행동 관찰은 훈련받은 3인의 관찰자에 의해 이루어졌다. 연구결과, 사회적 기술 훈련 프로그램은 정신지체 청소년의 눈맞춤 행동의 발생률을 증가시켰고, 중재종료 후 약 2개월 후에 수집한 유지단계의 관찰자료 에서도 프로그램 효과가 확인되었으며, 실험장소가 아닌 교실에서의 관찰 자료에서도 프로그램 효과의 일반화가 확인되었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a social skills program on increasing the rate of eye contact behavior of adolescents with mental retardation. This study was conducted following a multiple-baseline design across subjects. Three adolescents with mental retardation were selected to participate in this study. They were all judged by their classroom teachers to show deficiency in eye-contacting with other people. Based on the teachers`` response to a survey about the social situations in which the participants were expected to perform eye-contacting skills, the researcher developed a 12-session social skills program. During each session, instructional strategies such as demonstration, modeling, role-playing, and feedback were used to teach the participants to eye-contact with other people. The dependent variable was the rate of eye contact behaviors observed using a 20-second-interval recording method. A total of four trained observers collected data during baseline, interval, generalization, and maintenance phases. The results showed that the social skills program had positive effects on the participants`` acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of eye contact behavior.
전기자동차와 에너지 저장장치 출력 특성에 적합한 원통형 리튬이온 셀 비교 분석
이평연 ( Pyeong-yeon Lee ),김종훈 ( Jonghoon Kim ),최연옥 ( Youn-ok Choi ),김창진 ( Chang-jin Kim ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2017 공학기술논문지 Vol.10 No.1
This research elaborately performed the comparative analysis of 18650 lithium-ion cylindrical cells that suitable for electric-powered application such as electric vehicle (EV) and battery energy storage system (BESS). For this, two kinds of 18650 lithium-ion cylindrical cells with high-power and high-energy characteristics are well considered (two high-power and two high-energy lithium-ion cells). According to electrochemical characteristics in lithium-ion cells, some internal parameters including discharge capacity, open-circuit voltage, and discharge/charge resistances are respectively measured. From various experimental results implemented, this research surely provides useful solutions for selection of 18650 lithium-ion cylindrical cells with the purpose of the EV and BESS.
수직 Bridgman법으로 제작한 $\beta-In_2Te_3$ 단결정의 광학적 전기적 특성
김남오,이강연,정병호,최연옥,신화영,조금배,Kim, Nam-Oh,Lee, Kang-Yeon,Jeong, Byeong-Ho,Choi, Youn-Ok,Shin, Hwa-Young,Cho, Geum-Bae 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 P Vol.58 No.4
The $\beta-In_2Te_3$ single crystal was grown by vertical Bridgman method. The $\beta-In_2Te_3$ single crystal had a face centered cubic(fcc) structure. The lattice constants were found to be $a\;=\;0.617\;{\AA}$. The direct optical energy gap ($E_g$) was found to be 1.11 ev at 300 K. Raman spectra peak of $\beta-In_2Te_3$ single crystal showed the low $E_{LO}$ mode at $105\;cm^{-1}$. The electrical conduction type was measured by the thermal method and was p-type. The electrical conductivity was found to be $1.8\;{\times}\;10^{-2}\;{\Omega}^{-1}cm^{-1}$ at 300 K. The activation energy was found to be 0.51 eV.
정병호(Byeong-Ho Jeong),이강연(Kang-Yeon Lee),최연옥(Youn-Ok Choi),김대곤(Dae-Gon Kim),김남오(Nam-Oh Kim),민완기(Wan-Ki Min) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 P Vol.58 No.2
Conventional HP(high pressure) sodium or Metal-halide lamps have a life span of around one year requiring at least annual replacement and maintenance. High Power LED lights require no regular maintenance further increasing savings on replacement bulbs, access equipment and labour costs. New installations benefit from a substantial reduction in the cost of expensive heavy duty cable required for sodium lighting. Especially, LED light can achieve variable color temperature, high functional performance in the field of street light. There are two main method to achieve variable color temperature function of the street light. one method is using RGB multi-chip LED, the other is using Orange+White LED method. In this paper, it was compare RGB Multi-chip LED with white+orange LED for there characteristics performance.
태양광발전 시스템의 효율 개선을 위한 Newton Method MPPT제어 및 소프트 스위칭 컨버터 시뮬레이션
장인혁(In-Hyeok Jang),이강연(Kang-Yeon Lee),최연옥(Youn-Ok Choi),조금배(Geum-Bae Cho) 대한전기학회 2011 전기학회논문지 P Vol.60 No.4
In this paper proposes the soft-switching boost converter and MPPT control for improving the efficiency of PV system. The proposed converter designed H-bridge auxiliary resonant circuit. By this circuit, all of the switching devices perform the soft switching under the zero voltage and zero current condition. Therefore the periodic switching losses can be decreased at turn on, off. The soft switching boost converter designs for 1.5[kW] solar module of the power conversion. Thus, this soft switching boost converter is simulated by MATLAB simulation using Newton-Method algorithm. As a result, Proposed Soft Switching Converter compared to a typical boost converter switching loss was reduced about 61%. And the overall system efficiency was verified to increase about 3.3%.
수직 Bridgman법으로 제작한 β-In₂Te₃ 단결정의 광학적 전기적 특성
김남오(Nam-Oh Kim),이강연(Kang-Yeon Lee),정병호(Byeong-Ho Jeong),최연옥(Youn-Ok Choi),신화영(Hwa-Young Shin),조금배(Geum-Bae Cho) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 P Vol.58 No.4
The β-In₂Te₃ single crystal was grown by vertical Bridgman method. The β-In₂Te₃ single crystal had a face centered cubic(fcc) structure. The lattice constants were found to be a = 0.617 Å. The direct optical energy gap (Eg) was found to be 1.11 ev at 300 K. Raman spectra peak of β-In₂Te₃ single crystal showed the low ELO mode at 105 ㎝?¹. The electrical conduction type was measured by the thermal method and was p-type. The electrical conductivity was found to be 1.8 × 10?² Ω?¹㎝?¹ at 300 K. The activation energy was found to be 0.51 eV.