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Intrinsic Motivation vs. Extrinsic Motivation: From Idea Generation to Implementation
정현선(Hyun Sun Chung),최진남(Jin Nam Choi),Thomas Sy 한국인사조직학회 2020 한국인사ㆍ조직학회 발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.3
To sustain organizational competitiveness, organizations must recognize the central importance of innovation and its implementation. Because teams are essential sources of innovation, this paper explores how intrinsic and extrinsic motivations influence affective and normative organizational commitments when teams engage in bottom-up innovation that leads to actual implementation. Given the growing recognition of the importance of team-level innovation processes, this study also delves into how various types of motivation can advance team-level innovation processes from idea generation to implementation. A sample of 60 teams from various organizations indicates that when teams utilize extrinsically driven idea generation, they form affective and normative commitments to implementing innovations. However, when teams utilize intrinsically driven idea generation, they establish normative commitments for innovation implementation. The empirical findings indicate that extrinsically driven idea generation may have a stronger influence on establishing commitments to an idea, thereby leading to its implementation. By showing that team-level motivation to implement innovations may function differently from individual-level motivation, this paper explains how to manage teams’ motivation to implement effective innovations.
정현선(Hyun Sun Chung),김예원(YeaWon Kim) 한국색채학회 2016 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.30 No.1
본 연구는 노인들의 안정된 취미활동과 건강한 정서활동을 분석적으로 접근할 수 있는 색채놀이 프로그램을 통하여 노인들이 새롭게 자아를 성찰하고 긍정적인 자아통합은 물론 자존감을 높일 수 있는 시간을 통해 집단 색채놀이가 노인의 색채선호에 미치는 향상효과를 진행하였다. 본 연구의 색채놀이 프로그램은 12주간 3단계로 나누어 진행하였고, 이 때 사용한 컬러칩은 (구) 산업자원부에서 산업표준화 작업으로 개발한 플라스틱 700색 이다. 1단계는 과거(회상), 2단계는 현재(나의 현재), 3단계는 미래(나의소망) 등에 대해서 구체적으로 분석하여 색채놀이 프로그램을 통해 노인의 변화와 의미 있는 결과를 도출할 수 있도록 했다. 본 연구를 통해 도출한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본인의 추억을 회상하고 옆 사람과의 상호 친숙한 관계를 도모하고자했던 1단계에서는 대체적으로 YR에서 Y, RP 장파장 계열의 색군이 많이 선택되었던 반면, 단파장 계열의 색은 거의 언급되지 않았다. 둘째, 본인의 주변 사람들이나 환경을 나타내는 2단계 색채 활동에서는 다양한 색군을 선호했으며 저명도/채도, 중명도/채도의 색군이 많이 지목되었다. 하지만 본인의 인생에 대해 평가하는 8주차 활동에서는 R-Y까지의 색상이 가장 많이 선호되었다. 셋째, 소중한 과거를 밑바탕으로 현실적인 본인의 미래 및 삶의 방향을 그려나갔던 3단계에서는 중단파장 계열의 색상이 많이 언급되지 않았고 중명도, 중채도에 집중되어 원색을 선호하고 있었다. 단계별로 노인의 색채선호을 종합해 보면, 주제와는 상관없이 YR에서 Y, RP 장파장의 색상을 선호하며 4주차(2단계)부터 점차적으로 컬러칩을 다양하게 많이 배열하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 기대효과는 다음과 같다. 노인들이 색채놀이 프로그램을 통하여 긍정적인 자아통합과 자존감을 높일 수 있었으며, 손의 근육이 제 역할을 하지 못해 힘이 주어지지 않는 많은 노인들이 어렵지 않게 자신을 표현하고 각 주제에 맞는 다양한 컬러칩을 선택함으로 인해 과거로의 회상, 현재 고찰, 본인의 상태 인식, 사회적 교류 등으로의 기회 제공의 가능성을 도출할 수 있었다. 노인의 색채선호에 미치는 향상효과를 통해 현실로 다가온 노인의 시대에 맞는 색채놀이 프로그램을 활용한 노인 전문 색채 프로그램에 효과적인 방법으로 활용되길 기대한다. This study was conducted to examine the effect of a group color play program on improving color expressions of the elderly, based on a color play program that can help the elderly reflect on their self-identity, form positive self-integration, and improve their self-esteem. As a tool to develop the color play program used in this study, the 700 color chips developed by Ministry of Industry and Resources as part of industrial standardization were used. The program was conducted in three steps for 12 weeks, and the changes in the elderly were analyzed based on correlation between the chosen colors and psychological types, reminiscence and range of emotional expressions. The result was as follows: First, in the first step that aimed tolead the elderly to recall their memories and build mutually familiar relationship with another subject, the subjects mostly chose colors of long wavelengths and almost no colors of short wavelengths. Second, in the second step of the color play program, in which the elderly were asked to express their acquaintances and environment, the subjects chose a wide range of colors and many of them chose colors with low brightness and saturation and those with medium brightness and saturation. However, in the 8th week, when they were asked to evaluate their life, the majority of the subjects chose colors from R to Y. Third, in the third step in which the subjects drew their realistic future and life direction based on their precious past, not many colors of medium wavelengths were mentioned and most subjects focused on primary colors with medium brightness and saturation. In different steps, regardless of the theme, the elderly preferred colors of long wavelengths than those of short wavelengths. This study has following possible implications: The color play program can help the elderly improve positive self-integration and self-esteem, and easily express themselves even though their hand muscles do not properly function. Also, by choosing various color chips that are suitable for the theme, the elderly can recall the past, reflect on the present, recognize their current state, and socially interact with others. I hope the research on color programs for the elderly can be used effectively in the aging society.
A Comprehensive Framework for Determining Measurement Types of Group-Level Construct
Hyun Sun Chung(정현선),Hyunjee Hannah Kim(김현지),Jihye Lee(이지혜),Jaeun Lim(임자은),Won-Woo Park(박원우) 한국경영학회 2019 經營學硏究 Vol.48 No.2
Although group-level studies are increasing, methods of measuring group-level constructs have remained quite simple because researchers assume compositional conceptualization of group-level constructs. Authors of many studies simply aggregate individual responses to team responses; however, simple aggregation can hinder research by creating significant barriers for conducting group-level studies and impeding our understanding of group microdynamics. That is, simple aggregation cannot represent group dynamics well became composition of individual responses might result in biased estimation. In this paper, we defined a comprehensive list of measurement methods that exist for measuring group-level constructs by reviewing 141 articles from organizational behavior literature published between 2012 and 2016. Based on the literature review, we show how much previous research on group-level studies has relied on skewed methodologies for measuring group-level constructs, and we urge using more diverse ways of measuring them.
초음파 검사에서 담석으로 오인될 수 있는 자기양담낭에 대한 고찰
심현선(Hyun-Sun Sim),정홍랑(Hong-Rayng Jung),임청환(Chung-Hwan Lim) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2008 방사선기술과학 Vol.31 No.4
자기양담낭은 담낭 벽에 칼슘이 침착되는 드문 질환이며, 만성담낭염에 의해 벽에 석회화가 일어나거나 결석에 의해 담낭관이 폐색되면서 발생하는 것으로 보고 되고 있다. 자기양담낭은 일반적으로 담낭암을 동반 하므로 담낭암을 예방하기 위해 일차적으로 담낭 절제술이 시행된다. 저자들은 증상이 없는 석회화된 담낭을 초음파 검사와 복부 단순방사선검사 및 복부 전산화단층검사를 통해 확인하였고 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. Porcelain gallbladder is a rare disorder by deposition of calcium in the wall of gallbladder. The chronic cholecystitis is reported to produce mural calcification and obstruction to the cystic duct by stone. Since porcelain gallbladder is commonly associatedwith gallbladder cancer, cholecystectomy is prerformed to prevent it. We report here a case of a patient with porcelain gallbladder. This case showedthe typical ultrasonogaphic, computer tomogaphic and radiaographic findings of the disease.
청소년 언어문화 실태 연구 -구어 의사소통을 중심으로-
민병곤 ( Min Byeong-gon ),정혜승 ( Chung Hye-seung ),정현선 ( Jeong Hyeon-seon ),김정자 ( Kim Jeong-ja ),권은선 ( Kwon Eun-sun ),박성석 ( Park Seong-seog ),이병하 ( Lee Byung-ha ),임해랑 ( Lim Hae-rang ),박현정 ( Park Hyun-jeon 한국어교육학회(구 한국국어교육연구학회) 2017 국어교육 Vol.0 No.159
This study aims to examine and discuss Korean adolescents’ oral language culture, based on the results of the survey from 3,429 adolescents, ranging from 10 to 18 years old, which was conducted by National Institute of Korean Language. Researchers defined the adolescents’ language culture as a hierarchical structure which consists of three layers, namely, expression, behavior, and thought. Unlike previous studies which have focused on the expression layer, this study tries to focus on the behavior and thought layer of adolescents’ language culture. Researchers selected four categories-two are from behavior layer, and another two are from thought layer-as the locus which Korean adolescents’ oral language culture shows its unique characteristics: (a) Active Participation in Public Communication(APPC); (b) Empathic Attitude in Private Communication(EAPC); (c) Recognition of Language as Self-Expression(RLSE); and (d) Recognition of Communication Role Model(RCRM). And Researchers analyzed the difference of survey result by school year, sex, and scale of residential area. The findings are as follows: (1) There is decreases in three cultural aspects, including APPC(public speech and discussion), EAPC(with parents), and RCRM; (2) There is difference between male and female adolescents in three cultural aspects, including APPC(discussion), EAPC(with peers), and RLSE. Female adolescents where higher than male in all cultural aspects; (3) There is difference among metropolitan, urban, and rural adolescents in three cultural aspects, including APPC(public speech and discussion), EAPC(with peers and with parents), RLSE. In all cultural aspects, metropolitan adolescents were higher than urban and rural adolescents or than rural adolescents. Some general discussions were given in conclusion.