우리는 무엇을 하고 있는가 ?

李慈遠 국민대학교 어문학연구소 1990 語文學論叢 Vol.9 No.-

Interpretation of the Ideal City Model for Enhancement of Good Urbanism

이자원 국토지리학회 2019 국토지리학회지 Vol.53 No.2

As new paradigm is developed in response to the issues risen from urbanization, reinterpretation of nineteenth and twentieth century’s ideal city models are utilized as guidance to urban environmental reform. Le Corbusier is one of the leading urban scholar from the 20th century whose research and studies in urban architecture and planning provided valuable lessons. In particular, his efforts to explain cities as programs instead of shapes have served as clues regarding urban sustainability and its solutions. His sketches that explain land in terms of maps allow for facilitated understanding and approach to such issues, and they describe utilization methods for optimal urban accessibility. His works reflect the views of Howard and other previous ideal city thinkers, and helped shape newly developed intellection such as New Urbanism with design ideas. This philosophy – which places the city as a nucleus of residential density which prioritizes the stability of a community, and places significance on the equal and fair distribution of the sun, space, and nature – serves as clues for the solutions to the current urban issues. Above all, the concept of harmony and uniformity of the whole are important components for the preservation of space and community. In addition, changes to the land use and the location of roads as an effect of road extensions and facility layout and whether these affect the land value or the land cost can be considered from a real estate perspective.

중·소하천 유역 홍수해 방재의 제도적 체계 구축을 위한 사례 연구

이자원 국토지리학회 2014 국토지리학회지 Vol.48 No.2

Natural hazards such as floods and droughts occur frequently around the globe, and have garnered attention in regards to human life and the ecosystem. Small and medium-sized streams are particularly vulnerable; some regions are aligned to hazardous flooding, and thus, preventing and managing the improvement of technology and adaptation measures should be established. This study examines the establishment of a national flood prevention system to the current Korea River Act and related laws, such as Response Act of Flood, and analyzes the introduction of the concept of integrated flood management. The study furthermore looks into international cases to find a better method for prevention or adaptation of natural hazards. The system for the reduction of our country’s disaster prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, configuration of the four-step disaster safety laws such as the River act, and institutional maintenance is relatively organized. However it lacks the binary practical education and training coordination implemented in Japan, United States, and United Kingdom. Awareness from an early age, as well as vigilance to disaster response that can minimize damage must be established through education and training programs. 중소하천은 홍수로 인한 침수 및 범람 위험도가 크기 때문에 유역 특성에 적합한 홍수관련 대응, 방어 및 관리기술의 개선과 적응기법이 구축되어 홍수해를 저감해야 할 것이다. 홍수 피해를 저감하기 위하여 강우 예측부터 다양한 홍수 정보를 수집 분석하고 신속하게 전달할 수 있는 체계적인 시스템을 구축되어야 하는데, 인적 경제적 피해를 감소시키기 위한 예경보기술의 개발과 교육 및 관리 기술 등의 개발을 통해 수동적인 피해 복구사업에서 벗어나 적극적 대응 전략을 수립해야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 국가적인 홍수 방재 시스템의 구축을 위하여 현재 우리나라 하천법과 자연재해대책법 등의 관련 법률을 살펴보고, 지역별 중소하천 유역의 홍수와 관련된 관련 제도 및 대응법을 분석하여 통합홍수관리 개념을 도입할 수 있는 기반을 모색하였다. 또한 우리나라의 홍수예경보시스템과 하천법의 제도적 분석과 해외사례를 살펴보고, 최근 극심한 홍수해의 경험이 있었고, 홍수해에 취약한 강릉시와 김천시, 포항시의 사례를 분석하였다. 우리나라의 재난 저감을 위한 체계는 예방, 대비, 대응, 복구의 네단계로 구성이 되어 있고 하천법과 재난안전법 등의 제도적 정비가 비교적 체계화 되어 있는 반면, 실천적인 재난 대비 교육과 훈련 체계 및 대응체계가 다소 미흡하기 때문에, 재난에 대한 인식을 교육 뿐만 아니라, 실제 재난에 대응하여 피해를 최소화할 수 있는 훈련 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다.

러번 디자인과 도시환경 개선

이자원 국제문화기술진흥원 2018 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.4 No.1

The "Rurban" Design is a design concept that can actively preserve and embrace natural terrain and rural resources in an effort to continuously enhance a city, and restore the community that collapsed due to industrialization and unplanned urbanization. The concentration of Seoul Metropolitan area in Korea and the destruction of rural areas and localities caused by the urban sprawl have become a difficult problem for urban development after industrialization. The development of unbalanced growth and the environmental damage remain as issues as well. The tradition and diversity restoration of the New Urbanism paradigm, which was presented in the latter half of the twentieth century, has been an alternative plan for a big city that had experienced industrialization and urbanization at an early phase. However, there is a limit of application to European and North American cities. The philosophical concept of "Rurban Design" is to apply the use of rural elements more directly, and to outline resource conservation, proper consumption, and suitable scale. In all considerations, this will be a practical strategy to complement the limitations of New Urbanism with its design capacity that maximizes the characteristics of the region. 러번 계획은 자연지형, 농촌적 자원을 적극적으로 보전하고 수용하여 도시를 지속적으로 향상시키고, 산업화기간 동안 훼손된 커뮤니티를 회복시킬 수 있는 디자인적 개념이다. 한국의 서울 일극 집중과 대도시 스프롤에 의한도시 주변지역의 농촌요소 감퇴 및 지역성 파괴는 산업화 이후 도시 개발의 난제가 되어 왔지만, 여전히 국토 불균형개발과 환경 훼손이 과제로 남아있다. 20세기 후반 제시된 뉴어바니즘의 전통과 다양성 회복이라는 계획 사조는 일찍이 산업화와 도시화를 경험한 대도시의 계획의 패러다임이 되고 있다. 그러나 뉴어바니즘의 유럽식 혹은 미국식 계획을 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 러번 디자인의 철학적 개념은 농촌적 요소의 활용을 보다 직접적으로 적용하고, 자원순환적인 환경보전과 적정한 소비 및 적합한 규모를 중심으로 한 계획, 지역의 특성을 최대 활용한 경관디자인 계획이라는 점에서 뉴어바니즘의 한계를 보완하는 실천적 전략이 될 것이다.

A Korean Model of New Urbanism

이자원 국토지리학회 2020 국토지리학회지 Vol.54 No.2

The New Urbanism ideology of the second half of the 20th century provided spatial ideas for solving urbanproblems and responding to climate change. The characteristics of New Urbanism are small-scale planning specialized inregionality and well-equipped design, made feasible through a strategy that maximizes the local glass ceiling through supportof experts and a systematic coordination that is based on people-centric communication. Even in the trend of planningmovements that have developed so far, urban planning by age and economic environment has been making efforts to embracehuman evolution. Seemingly completely different, but the best planning have been made to reflect the characteristics of thetimes and regions, and can derive the current direction. United Kingdom and the United States that become iconic modelsof New Urbanism will be reviewed to be applicable in Korea. In Korea, the environment of sharing has remained a coresocial value for ages, and especially in areas where traditional markets are located, there are great possibilities in spatialstability and accessibility.

기후변화 예측 하에 전개될 재난에 대한 적응기법 모델링을 위한 선진국 사례 연구

이자원 국토지리학회 2010 국토지리학회지 Vol.44 No.2

일반적으로 기후변화 대응 전략은 저감과 적응 전략으로 구분되고, 국제적으로 두 전략이 구현되는 추이를 살펴볼 때 우리나라를 비롯한 전 세계의 기후변화 대응정책은 주로 온실가스 저감을 통한 완화전략에 집중되고 있음이 두드러진다. 이러한 정책 방향은 지금까지 기후변화에 대한 대응이 선진국을 중심으로 이루어진 데 기인하고, 기후변화로 인한 재해의 피해가 선진국보다는 일반적으로 재해의 취약성이 큰 후진국에 집중되어 있기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 선진국의 경우 재해에 대한 대응보다는 경제적 관점에서 온실가스 저감을 정책의 초점으로 삼는 경우가 많았는데, 2012년까지 단기적으로 기후변화 대한 적응 전략이 강화된 행동 대응책을 목표로 하고 있다. 그러나 기후변화에 의한 재해의 직접적 대상이 되는 후진국의 경우, 기후 변화에 대한 대응을 하기에 아직 기술적으로 사회경제적으로 부족한 기반을 가지고 있어 효과적 대응 전략을 구사하지 못했고, 이로 인해 적응 전략은 상대적으로 그 사례의 연구나 개발이 미약했다고 판단된다. 저감 전략과 적응 전략은 분리된 전략이 아니라 균형적인 비율로 함께 추구되어야 하고 우리나라의 경우에도 두 전략을 효과적으로 마련하여 구체적인 기후변화 대응책을 마련함이 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 적응 기법에 대한 구체적인 사례를 선진국의 기술 개발을 통해 살펴보고, 우리나라의 적응기법과 비교하며 이를 후진국에 적용가능한지를 파악하였다. The international climate effort has focused predominantly on mitigation, reducing green hous gas emissions to prevent dangerous climate change. The next stage of the international effort must deal squarely with adaptation coping with those impacts that cannot be avoided. This is both a matter of need, as climate change is now underway, and a matter of equity, as its impacts fall disproportionately on those least able to bear them. It also may be a condition for further progress on mitigation. Indeed, substantial new mitigation commitments post-2012 may be politically feasible only if accompanied by stronger support for adaptation. This paper examines underlying issues and lays out an array of possibilites getting through the cases of developed countries. To set the issue in context, it looks first at the characteristics of the each regions and evolving nature of human adaptation to climate. It then highlights key issues in their circumstance of their infrastructure, and summarizes and assesses international adaptation efforts fo date.

기후변화에 따른 도시환경 변화에 관한 연구

이자원 대한지리학회 2009 대한지리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

A Study of the Conditions of Meaningful Communication in the Movie E.T.

이자원,박영 영상영어교육학회 2011 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.12 No.2

This paper deals with the conditions of meaningful communication. Teachers, scholars, and language specialists, have made a lot of effort to provide second language learners with meaningful activities. However, learners tend to focus on language aspects, even when they participate in meaningful communication. In order to understand this, we need to look at real world communication which has more than a language focus. For this, the script of the movie, E.T. (1983) was used. ET's language learning process follows the process of learning a second language. In the movie there are five stages that proceed through first encounter, the start of the relationship between Eliott and ET, the beginning of interaction through language and non-verbal communication, distinguishing the phonetic sounds of English, speaking, and finally the completion of ET's language development. The findings indicate that ET's success in acquiring English was a direct result of socialization with its human focus rather than a language focus. So a clear process was identified that lead from socialization to communication and ended with language learning. Communication occurs through socialization and language learning occurs through communication.

Information and Communication Technology Impact on Urban System

이자원 한국지역학회 2008 지역연구 Vol.24 No.3

This study tries simply to find how information and communication technology is distributed with Zipf’s rank-size law. To examine if information and communication technology impacts on the regional distribution of the economic activity with people, this study compares with cities’rank size by population and regional rank of ICT distribution. To examine if information and communication technology impacts on the regional distribution of the economic activity with people, this study compares with cities’ rank size by population and regional rank of ICT distribution. This study results that increases in the number of high-speed internet lines lead to a more concentrated distribution of city sizes and so correspondingly to more dispersion in the distribution of economic activity in space.

Analysis of Practical Sharing City via Big Data about Shared Bike in Seoul City

이자원,이지영 국토지리학회 2019 국토지리학회지 Vol.53 No.4

In the wake of the global economic crisis caused by the US financial recession prompted new approaches to economic activities. Awareness of sharing economy as a means of overcoming economic downturn through reasonable and frugal consumption behavior has expanded on national and regional levels. Although the significance and perception of the sharing economy has been widespread, there are considerable limitations in practice. The ultimate nature of the economy likewise attributes to its limitations. Public places, sharing diverse cultures, et cetera have already been in practice in cities for generations. Rational use and meticulous approaches to economic sharing can be applied as a sharing city. This is best illustrated and epitomized through the sharing bike, which is already in circulation in many cities. Seoul city likewise began sharing bikes in 2015 and is used by many of her citizens. Seoul’s sharing bike system will influence the implementation of the smart city strategy of new urbanists.