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고로(高爐) 슬래그 침출수(浸出水)의 특성(特性)과 환경(環境)에 미치는 영향(影響)
최의소,권수렬,이응조,박원목,Choi, Eui So,Kwon, Soo Youl,Lee, E.C.,Park, W.M. 대한토목학회 1987 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.7 No.3
도로포장용(道路鋪裝用) 골재(骨材)로 슬래그를 사용할 때에 우수(雨水)와의 접촉에 의하여 생성되는 침출수(浸出水)에 의한 지하수(地下水)와 농작물에 대한 영향과 강재(鋼材)의 부식(腐蝕)여부를 검토하였다. 슬래그만의 침출실험결과(浸出實驗結果)와 침출수(浸出水)의 토양투과(土壤透過)에 의한 정상변화를 볼 때에 슬래그는 지하수(地下水)의 pH와 $SO_4^=$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, $Mg^{{+}{+}}$ 등의 농도를 높여 줄 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 pot 실험(實驗)을 통하여 볼때에 알타리무우의 생육(生育)에는 나쁜 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 부식촉진실험결과(腐蝕促進實驗結果)에 따르면 침출수(浸出水)와 강재(鋼材)의 접촉 초기에는 부식속도(腐蝕速度)가 매우 빠르나 $50^{\circ}C$에서 약 50 일후에는 부식정도가 일반토양(一般土壤)의 경우와 유사하게 되었다. Impacts on ground water quality, growth of crops, and degree of corrosion due to the leachate produced from the contact of rain water with blast furnace slag as an aggragate used for roadway pavement were evaluated. Results from slag and soil leaching tests indicated pH, $SO_4$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$ and $Mg^{{+}{+}}$ concentrations of ground water could be increased due to the use of slag, and pot test suggested slag would not adversely affect growth of Raphanus Satius L niger. Accelerated corrosion test revealed that slag leachate had a tendency to increase corrosion on cast iron at the beginning, however the degree of corrosion became similar to that experienced in soil after about 50 days at 50 degrees in centigrade.
D2EHPA-Kerosene-Span 80-H2SO4 계 유화형 액체막법에 의한 갈륨과 인듐의 추출, 분리에 관한 연구
이응조,이만승,손성호,안종관,안재우 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1993 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.31 No.1
A study on the extraction of In(III) and Ga(III) from sulfuric acid solutions with liquid membrane in the D₂EHPA-Kerosene-Span 80-H₂SO₄, system has been performed and a kinetic model has been proposed. Also the separation of In(III) and Ga(III) from mixed sulfuric acid solutions has been performed. The extraction percentage of In(III) and Ga(III) increased with stirring speeds up to 300r.p. m. and with the decrease of V_(ia)/V_o and V_w/V_e ratios. In the case of Ga(III) the extraction percentage increased as the surfactant concentration decreased. In the model we considered the chemical reaction at the interface between external aqueous phase and emulsion phase, the diffusion through the emulsion phase, breakage and swelling of the emulsion. Results calculated by this model were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. In mixed solutions, the extraction percentage of In(III) and Ga(III) also increased with the pH of the external aqueous phase. The experimental conditions for optimum separation between In(III) and Ga(III) are as follows:5vol.% D₂EHPA, 3vol.% Span 80, pH=3, 300rpm, V_w/V_e=10 and extraction time=15minutes.
황산코발트 완충용액으로부터 D2EHPA 에 의한 코발트 (2) 의 용매추출에 관한 열역학적 연구
이응조,이만승 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1992 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.30 No.3
A thermodynamic model which considered chemical and phase equilibria as well as mass and charge balance equations simultaneously was developed for the solvent extraction system of CoSO₄NaOH-CH₃COOH-D₂EHPA-Kerosene. Initial and equilibrium concentrations and activity coefficients of various solutes dissolved in the aqueous phase were calculated from the data of total concentrations of salutes. The difference between the activity coefficients of solutes calculated by Edwards equation and those by Debye-Hu¨ckel equation was increased with ionic charge in the experimental ranges. The distribution coefficients of extractant calculated by the model were increased with pH of the aqueous phase and the slope of Log(D_(HA)) vs. pH plot was nearly 1 as expected. The predicted distribution coefficients of cobalt calculated from the model were in good agreement with those obtained experimentally.
황산용액중에서 Versatic acid-10 에 의한 In (3) 의 용매추출
이응조,이만승 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1988 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.26 No.5
Solvent extraction of In(Ⅲ) with versatic acid-10 in sulfuric acid solutions was studied. The distribution coefficient was increased with pH and showed a transition at about pH of 2.4. In the pH range above 2.4 the slope was still less than 3 because of the formation of complexes between indium ions and sulfate ions, and below 2.4 it was much less than 3. The distribution coefficient had a maximum value when the concentration of indium ions in the aqueous phase was 1g/ℓ. It was higher with the versatic acid dissolved in benzene than in keroserne because of the stronger dissociation of the versatic acid in benzene, and was increased with the concentration of versatic acid-10. The enthalpy change of the extraction reaction was found to be 12 Kcal per mole. There was antisynergistic effect in the mixed solvent with TBP but synergism with T.O.P.O. in the pH range of above 24. The McCabe-Thiele diagram showed that five extraction stages with the A/O ratio of 1/4 was required to extract about 99% of indium.