단축 Scarf 절골술을 이용한 무지 강직증의 치료

이영현,안길영,남일현,이태훈,이용식,김대근,이영훈,Lee, Yeong Hyeon,Ahn, Gil Yeong,Nam, Il Hyun,Lee, Tae Hun,Lee, Yong Sik,Kim, Dae Geun,Lee, Young Hoon 대한족부족관절학회 2016 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of shortening scarf osteotomy on pain relief and range of motion (ROM) of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in hallux rigidus patients. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three cases of 19 patients who had been treated with shortening scarf osteotomy for the hallux rigidus between January 2007 and December 2013 were reviewed. The mean follow-up period was 21.4 months, and the mean age was 59.2 years. The first metatarsal bone was shortened until the ROM of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was greater than $80^{\circ}$ or $40^{\circ}$ of dorsiflexion. The length shortened by scarf osteotomy was measured. The authors also measured and compared the joint interval difference of the standing foot using an anteroposterior radiography. Moreover, the difference of ROM of the first metatarsophalangeal joint between the preoperative and final follow-up periods was also compared. The clinical results were evaluated and compared using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring system and visual analogue scale (VAS) score. Results: The mean shortening length was about 6.5 mm (range, 4~9 mm). The joint space has been increased to 1.8 mm, and the ROM of the first metatarsophalangeal joint has also been increased to $18.4^{\circ}$ after the operation. In three cases, the postoperative ROM has been decreased to less $10^{\circ}$. The AOFAS score has been improved from 41.7 (range, 32~55) to 86.2 (range, 65~95), and the VAS score was also decreased from 3.7 (range, 3~5) to 1.3 (range, 0~3). Two cases have shown no decrease in pain even after the operation. Conclusion: Shortening scarf osteotomy was found to decrease joint pain by decompressing the pressure of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. This osteotomy also helped improve the ROM of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Shortening scarf osteotomy can be considered one of the effective methods for joint preservation.

두 개의 항적 센서를 이용한 수상 항적 탐색 방법

이영현,구본화,정석문,홍우영,고한석,Lee, Young-Hyun,Ku, Bon-Hwa,Chung, Suk-Moon,Hong, Woo-Young,Ko, Han-Seok 한국음향학회 2010 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

This paper proposes a robust detection method for ship wake search using two wake sensors. A long trailing wake in the rear of a surface ship is generated along the track of surface ships. In this paper, we assume that the nearer the surface ship, the stronger wake strength is and a two-sensor based wake homing torpedo can sense for the wake strength. On this assumption we propose a simple wake detection and search method using information of wake strength. Experimental results using monte-carlo simulation demonstrate that the proposed method yields better performance in search time than previous method, which uses a single sensor. Our method is shown faster by about 45 seconds than previous method to achieve the same performance. Also, it can improve the detection performance of torpedo in the case of short wake length. 본 논문에서는 두 개의 항적 센서를 이용한 수상함 항적 탐색 방법을 제안한다. 수상함의 항적은 수상함 후면의 수면 위에 그 이동 자취에 따라 생성된다. 본 논문에서는 항적 반향 강도가 수상함에 가까울수록 강하며 항적 탐지 센서는 항적 반향 강도를 탐지할 수 있다는 가정 아래, 항적 반향 강도를 이용한 효과적인 항적 탐색 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 탐색 방법의 성능 평가를 위해 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 적용하였으며, 실험 결과 제안한 탐색 방법이 기존의 단일 항적 센서를 이용한 탐색 방법에 비해 평균 탐색 시간 측면에서 약 45초 정도의 성능 향상을 나타내었다. 또한, 항적 길이가 짧은 경우에 본 논문에서 제안한 탐색 방법이 기존의 방법에 비해 효율적임을 알 수 있었다.

레일건 가속특성 분석

이영현,김성호,이병하,Lee, Young-Hyun,Kim, Seong-Ho,Lee, Byung-Ha 한국군사과학기술학회 2021 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.24 No.5

To accelerate a launch mass with a low level of pressure as possible in a railgun, it is required to hold supplied current nearly constant during launch phase. We obtained the discharging conditions for required current shaping by modeling and analysis of circuit equations coupled to acceleration equation of the launch mass. The acceleration characteristics of the railgun in the conditions were analyzed by comparing experimental and theoretical results.

Expression and Possible Role of Phospholipase C $\beta1$ and $\gamma1$ in Mouse Oocyte Maturation and Preimplantation Embryo Development

이영현,금동호,심찬섭,서판길,김경진,Lee, Young-Hyun,Geum, Dong-Ho,Shim, Chan-Seob,Suh, Phan-Gil,Kim, Kyung-Jin The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 1998 발생과 생식 Vol.2 No.1

Phospholipase C (PLC)는 다양한 세포주에서 세포내 신호전달에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려져 있으나, 생쥐 난자성숙 과정과 착성전 배아발생 과정에서 PLC의 역할과 발현은 아직 연구된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 난자성숙과 착상전 배아발생 과정에서 생쥐의 PLC \beta 1과 \gamma 1의 유전자 발현을 조사하기 위하여 한 개의 난자 혹은 배아에서 추출된 total RNA를 사용하여 경쟁적 RT-PCR 방법으로 mRNA를 정량하였다. PLC \gamma 1의 유전자 발현을 조사하기 위하여 한 개의 난자 혹은 배아에서 추출된 total RNA를 사용하여 경쟁적 RT-PCR 방법으로 mRNA를 정량하였다. PLC \gamma 1의 유전자는 전혀 발현하지 않았다. 수정후 PLC \betta 1과 \gamma 1의 유전자 발현은 상실기 배아에서 증가하기 시작하여 포배기 배아에서는 현저히 증가하였다. 난자성숙과 착상전 배아발생 과정에서 protein kinase C(PKC) 신호전달체게에 의한 PLC의 역할을 조사하기 위하여 PKC의 억제제인 sphingosin, PKC의 촉진제인 $diC_{8}$, 그리고 PLC의 억제제인 U73122의 효과를 조사하였다. Spihingosine은 처리후 1시간 이내에 대조군에 비해 20% 정도의 난자성숙을 촉지하였으나 U73122는 유효한 효과를 보이지 않았다. U73122는 상실기 배아의 compaction을 억제하였으나 $diC_{8}$에 의하여 부분적으로 극복되었다. 이상의 결과는 PLC \beta 1과 \gamma 1 유전자가 생쥐의 착상전 발생단계에서 특이젖으로 발현하고 있으며, 난자성숙과 착상전 초기배아에서 PKC-PLC 신호전달체계가 관여하고 있으리라 사료된다. It has been wel known that phospholipase C(PLC) plays an important role in the intracellular signaling in a variety of cell types. However, involvement of PLC in mouse oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development remains unknown. The present study examined the expression patterns of the mouse PLC \beta 1 and \gamma 1 during oocyte maturatio and preimplantation embryo development study examined the expression patterns of the mouse PLC \beta 1 and \gamma 1 during oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development by the competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR method). PLC \gamma 1 mRNA (0.1 fg) was readily detected in germinal vesicle (GV)-stage oocyte and its level was reduced as meiotic resumption proceeded. PLC-\beta 1 mRNA (<0.1 fg) as detected at low level at GV-stage oocytes and scarcely detected at germinal vescle breakdown (GVBD)-stage oocytes. After fertilization, both PLC \beta 1 and \gamma 1 mRNA levels began to increase at morula-stage embryos (0.2 fg) and were more prominent in blastocyst-stage embryos(1 fg). to elucidate the possible involvement of PLC via protein kinase C(PKC) pathway during oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development , the effects of sphingosine (PKC inhibitor), sn-$diC_{8}$(PKC activator) anc U73122 (PLC ingibitor) were examined. Treatment of GV-stage oocytes with sphingosine (20 \mu M) facilitated the meiotic resuption by 10-20 over the control within 1 h as judged by GVBD, whereas U73122 failed to show any significant effect. U73122 (10 \mu M) effectively blocked the compaction of morula, while sn-$diC_{8}$(50 \mu M). In summary, the present study shows that the mouse PLC \beta 1 and \gamma 1 are expressed in a developmental stage-specific manner and PLC-PKC pathway may be involved in early preimplantation embryo development.

응급의료체계 개선 방안 - 선진국 응급의료체계 연구를 통하여 -

이영현,Lee, Young-Hyun 한국응급구조학회 2003 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this study was to improve EMS-System in Korea through the research in EMS-System of advanced country. The response time is defined as the interval from the time of call receipt to the time of scene arrival. The important factor was to shorten moving distance of ambulance. It should be considered to accomplish this factor that the vehicle must be increased and the convenient location chosen for optimizing of service area. The transport of emergency patients carried out almost by 119 Emergency Medical Service but out of all the employees at 119 EMS only 11.3% have own qualified EMT degree. They should be employed more and more specially at 119 EMS for a superior level of emergency medical care for civilian. In America, EMT can take care of emergency patients following the order from medical Director at the scene of accident. But in Germany, prehospital care was emphasized from the beginning and, in those days, a medical doctor was sent for treatment of emergency patients at the scene, the so-called a Rendezvous system. Hierby this study makes the suggestion to improve the EMS-System, it is effective to use the medical Director system in America and furthermore a Rendezvous system in Germany. The functional integratin and unification of the report system as well as enough personal and equipmental elements saved together invaluable lives.

얼굴인식과 체온 측정을 통한 출입 시스템 구현

이영현(Lee Young-Hyun),오종현(Oh Jong-Hyun),채승주(Chae Seung-Ju),강규창(Kang Kyu-Chang) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

본 논문은 시중에 보안과 방역에 관한 제품들이 있지만 서로 결합되지 못하고 따로 사용되는 점에 주목했다. 또한 이러한 제품들의 가격이 상대적으로 고가이기 때문에 규모가 작은 연구실이나 사업체, 개인이 쓰기에는 부담이 될 수 있다고 생각해 라즈베리 파이를 기반으로 가격에 대한 접근성을 높여 얼굴인식을 통한 보안과 체온 측정을 통해 개인 건강 및 생활 방역에 도움이 될 수 있는 출입 시스템을 구현해 제작하였다.

모호성 ( vague ) 에 대해서

이영현 ( Young Hyun Lee ) 한국불어불문학회 1995 불어불문학연구 Vol.31 No.2

La langue ne peut pas repre´senter chaque objet du monde naturel et elle a le concept abstraite´ selon la Principe universelle, parce qu`elle est fini par rapport au monde infini. Avec cette inde´termination re´fe´rentielle, il y a une diffe´rence de la connaisance personnelle sur le concept de la langue. C`est pour c¿a que la langue est vague. Ainsi, tous les plans de la langue-lexique et syntaxique-ont toujours la possibilite´ d`interpre´tation au cours de l`acte de parole. Ce vague se manifeste aussi aux plans phone´tique et prgmatique. Dans le plan phone´tique, il est produit avec l`inde´termination de la substance d`expression, qui serait un autre plan de la langue par rapport au plan de la substance de contenu. Le vague pragmatique est produit par l`inde´termination de la situation de la parole. C`est parce que le sens litte´ral de l`expression parle´e peut avoir l`autre sens selon l`intention du locuteur. Un locuteur peut donner un autre sens au sens litte´ral selon la situation de la parole. Ainsi, l`auditeur peut interpre´ter diffe´rement l`espression donne´e par la situation que le locuteur de´termine. Enfin, le vague se produit par l`inde´termination re´fe´rentielle a` tous les deux niveaux : langue et parole, et c`est pourquoi l`interpre´tation sur l`expression de la langue peut e^tre changer. Mais, il sera diffe´rent de l`ambigui¨te´ linguistique.

인류세환경론과 타자성 재고: 여성과 유색인종, 자연의 동인으로서의 물성인식

이영현(Lee Young-hyun) 문학과환경학회 2020 문학과 환경 Vol.19 No.4

탐욕적 산업자본주의 사회가 착취의 대상으로 삼아온 여성, 유색인, 비인간 자연의 물성을 인류세적 환경에서 동인(agent)으로서 탐구하고 재인식을 모색하는 이 논문은 관련 주제와 이슈를 다층적으로 살펴보기 위해, 지구온난화의 전개 상황과 과학기술의 발달 현황에 근거하여 향후 전개양상을 제시한 파올로 바치갈루피(Paolo Bacigalupi)의 기후소설 『와인드업걸』 (The Windup Girl )과, 후기산업사회에서 미디어와 결탁한 다국적기업 비프엑스(Beef-Ex)가 더 많은 소고기를 판매하기 위해 여성, 유색인, 비인간 자연의 물성을 대상화하는 양상을 그린 루스 오제키(Ruth Ozeki)의 『나의 고기의 해』 (My Year of Meats )를 분석한다. 『와인드업걸』은 미래소설이며, 『나의 고기의 해』는 현재 우리의 삶을 재현한 소설이지만, 두 소설은 공통적으로 다국적기업이 추구하는 탐욕적 자본의 논리 앞에서 생명의 메커니즘에 대한 인간의 무지, 혹은 의도적 회피, 그리고 과학기술에 대한 맹목적인 신뢰의 위험성으로 인해, 여성과 유색인, 비인간 자연이 지닌 물성의 도구화가 가속화함을 드러낸다. 그러나 두 소설은 세부적인 관심과 이슈에서 방향을 달리하고 있다는 점에서 여성과 유색인, 비인간 자연이라는 세 그룹의 물성을 탐색하는 본 연구를 서로 다른 층위에서 보완한다. 이 연구는 (기후변화를 특징으로 하는) 인류세에 여성, 유색인, 비인간 자연의 물성을 동인으로 재인식을 모색하는 일이 왜 시대적 과제인지 『와인드업걸』과 『나의 고기의 해』의 작품 분석을 통하여 탐구한다. This paper aims to explore and rediscover the materiality of women, people of color, and non-human beings, who have been exploited in the greedy industrial capitalism, as agency in the Anthropocene. It analyzes Paolo Bacigalupi’s The Windup Girl which represents our future based on the development of global warming and current technoscientific practices, and Ruth Ozeki’s My Year of Meats which represents how the multinational company, Beef-Ex, in collusion with the media in the post-industrial society objectifies women, people of color, and non-human beings to sell more beef. Both novels reveal the materiality of women, people of color, and non-human beings has been instrumentalized due to not just human beings’ ignorance or intentional avoidance of ecological mechanism, but blind trust in technoscience in avaricious capitalism. This study, thus, shows why the pursuit to rediscover materiality of these three as agency is essential in the Anthropocene, which is characterized by climate change.

Platycerium bifurcatum ( Polypodiaceae ) 잎의 발생 - 2. 유관속계

이영현 (Young Hyun Lee) 한국식물학회 1990 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.33 No.1

Procambium develops in the histogenetical zone below the marginal meristem. The development of procambium is correlated with the developmental stage of the leaf. As long as the marginal cells are crescent-shaped, the first-order procambium develops. When the marginal cell becomes wedge-shaped, the higher order procambium appears. The reticulate venation is developed through forking and anastomosis. The meshes of the first order enlarge in the process of leaf growth and the meshes of the second and third order develop in the meshes of the first-order through the differentiation of the residual meristem. Therefore, the venation is hierachically arranged and is as recognizable from the thickening of the veins. The outermost vein is produced parallel to the leaf margin, in which the differences between the costal and intercostal parts of the marginal meristem are removed. The endodermis and pericycle differentiate from the same mother cell. The procambium and sclerenchyma originate from a common source during the first developmental stage. A small cellular cluster lies within the parenchyma at the upper and lower sides of the procambial trace and differentiates into sclerenchyma.

원격교육 평가를 위한 문제 은행 시스템의 설계 및 구현

이영현(Young Hyun Lee),강성국(Seong Guk Kang),김명렬(Mydeong Ryeol Kim) 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2000 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.3 No.1