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한우의 비육기간중 암모니아처리 볏짚 급여시 배합사료급여수준이 일당증체 사료섭취량 및 사료효율에 미치는 영향
신기준(K . J . Shin),이근상(G . S . Lee),백봉현(B . H . Paek),김강식(K . S . Kim) 한국축산학회 1988 한국축산학회지 Vol.30 No.5
The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of feeding anhydrous ammonia treated rice straw (NH₃-RS) with two different levels of concentrate on daily gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency. Rice straw (RS) was treated with 30g NH₃/㎏ RS dry matter (DM). Fifteen heads of Korean native bulls were allotted to three groups (five animals/group) and fed the following diets: (1) RS+concentrate 2.0% (% of live body weight), (2) NH₃-RS + concentrate 1.5%, (3) NH₃-RS + concentrate 2.0% for 160 days, and RS and NH₃-RS were fed ad libitum. 1. There were no significant differences in daily gain among the bulls fed with RS + concentrate 2.0%, NH₃-AS + concentrate 1.5% and NH₃-RS + concentrate 2.0%. But bulls fed with NH₃-RS + concentrate 2.0% showed apparently increasing trends of daily gain compared with RS + concentrate 2.0% and NH₃-RS + concentrate 1.5% decreased slightly compared with NH₃-RS + concentrate 2.0%. 2. Rice straw consumption was significantly increased by anhydrous ammonia treatment but NH₃-RS consumption was not influenced by different concentrate level. 3. Concentrate was less required for unit body weight gain while rice straw was more required by feeding NH₃-RS.
소에 있어서 이식 수정란의 생존성에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구
김희석,오성종,양보석,유승환,김종국,이근상 ( H . S . Kim,S . J . Oh,B . S . Yang,S . H . Yoo,J . G . Kim,K . S . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.9
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the number of embryos transferred, state (fresh or frozen), developmental stage of embryos and donor-recipient synchrony on pregnancy rate and embryonic loss in cattle. The animals used in this experiment were 95 heads of Korean native cattle, Holstein and crossbred. The results obtained in this experiment are as follows; 1. Fourty six out of 95 recipients (48.4%) were pregnant and embryo mortality rate (EMR) was 23.2%. 2. The pregnancy rate was higher when an embryo was transferred additionally on day 7after the AI on estrus (59.1%) than when one (45.6%) or two (40.0%) embryos were transferred. However, EMR was also higher when an embryo transferred additionally than the other groups. 3. The pregnancy rate of cows transferred fresh embryo was higher (56.0% vs 45.7%) and EMR of fresh embryo transferred cows was lower (20.0% vs 24.3%) compared with those of cows transferred frozen-thawed embryo. 4. The pregnancy rate was slightly higher (50.0% vs 48.1%) when the embryo of blastocyst stage was transferred than when the embryo of morals stage. However, EMR was slightly lower in the cows transferred morals stage embryo (22.8% vs 25.0%). 5. The pregnancy rate when the donors showed estrus 12 hours earlier than the recipients (76.9%) was higher than when the donors and recipients showed estrus at the same time (45.5%) or when the donors showed estrus 12 hours later than the recipients (37.5%). Similar trends were also noted in EMR.
암모니아 처리 볏짚의 반추 가축에 대한 급여 효과 1 . 볏짚에 대한 암모니아처리 수준이 면양의 섭취량과 소화율및 질소 축적에 미치는 영향
신기준(K . J . Shin),이봉덕(B . D . Lee),배동호(D . H . Bae),차영호(Y . H . Cha),이근상(G . S . Lee),김강식(K . S . Kim) 한국축산학회 1989 한국축산학회지 Vol.31 No.7
A digestion trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of various levels of NH₃ treatment on the feed value of rice straw and to decide the optimum level of NH₃ treatment. Twenty four castrated Corridale sheep were randomly allotted to six treatments (0, l, 2, 3, 4 and 5% of NH₃ to air dried rice straw on weight basis), four heads(repelicates) per treatment. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The NH₃ treatment markedly increased the N content of rice straw. The NDF content appeared to be decreased by the treatment. 2. The consumption of rice straw trend to be increased by ammoniation and significant(p≤ 0.05) increase was noted when the level of NH₃ was 5%. 3. Digestibility of DM increased sign ificantly(p≤0.05) when NH₃ treatment level was over 3%, while those of OM, NDF, GE over 2% and that of crude protein wash increased by and 2% NH₃ treatment, but not by over 3% of NH₃ treatment. 4. Digestibilities of DM, OM, NDF, GE slightly decreased at the NH₃ level of 5%. 5. Nitrogen retention increased significantly(p≤0.05) by ammoniation, while nitrogen retention rate increased until NH₃ treatment level of 3% but decreased when the NH₃ treatment level was over 3%. In conclusion, the NH₃ treatment increased rice straw consumption by sheep and improved digestibities of DM, NDF, crude protein and GE, thereby improving feed value. The optimum level of NH₃ treatment of rice straw seems to be 3-4% of rice straw on the basis of air-dried weight.
한우와 Charolais 교잡종의 체중에 대한 상가적 및 잡종강세효과의 추정
나기준(K . J . Na),전광주(G . J . Jeon),김형철(H . C . Kim),조병대(B . D . Cho),이근상(K . S . Lee) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.2
The additive and heterosis effects on body weights between Hanwoo(Korean cattle) and crossbreeds from Charolais x Hanwoo were estimated. The data were recorded from 1979 to 1991 in Kangwha area and were analysed by using linear regression models. The estimated least squares means on body weights of Hanwoo were 85.4±4.6 ㎏ at 3 months of age. 150.2±6.9 ㎏ at 6 months of age and 258.5±11.4 ㎏ at 12 months of age, respectively. The body weights of the crossbreeds ranged from 117.1 to 126.3㎏ at 3 months of age, from 192.0 to 216.8 ㎏ at 6 months of age, and from 352.6 to 383.4 ㎏ at 12 months of age, respectively. The additive effects on body weight were 45.59±6.37 ㎏ at 3 months of age, 78.75±10.13 ㎏ at 6 months of age and 136.27±17.69 ㎏ at 12 months of age. The effects of heterosis were 7.65±3.89 ㎏ at 3 months of age, 21.35±6.09 ㎏ at 6 months of age and 47.47±10.92 ㎏ at 12 months of age, respectively.
암모니아 처리볏짚의 반추가축에 대한 급여효과 2 . 암모니아 처리볏짚 및 무처리 볏짚과 뇨소를 옥수수와 함께 급여시 면양의 소화율 , 질소축적과 제1위액 성상에 미치는 영향
신기준(K . J . Shin),배동호(D . H . Bae),이근상(G . S . Lee),김강식(K . S . Kim) 한국축산학회 1990 한국축산학회지 Vol.32 No.10
A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of feeding rice straw with corn after ammonia treatment or urea supplementation on the digestibility, nitrogen retention and chemical characteristics of ruminal fluid. Nine castrated Corridale sheep were fistulated and randomly allotted to the following three dietary treatment: (1) rice straw + corn, (2) 3% NH₃-rice straw + corn and (3) rice straw + corn+ urea. Corn was offered 200g/h/d and roughages were fed ad libitum. The urea was used to equalize the nitrogen intake to that of sheep fed ammoniated rice straw. After the digestion trial, ruminal fluids were collected six times(0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hrs post feeding) to check the changes in various fermentation characteristics. Results obtained were as follows; 1. Digestibilities of DM. OM, crude protein, NDF and GE were increased slightly by ammonia treatment of rice straw but urea supplementation increased only crude protein digestibility. 2. Nitrogen retention was increased significantly(p $lt;0.05) by ammoniation and urea supplementation. 3. There was not significant differences of ruminal fluid pH by feeding rice straw ammoniated or urea supplemented. 4. Total VFA concentration of ruminal fluid tended to increase by feeding ammoniated rice straw. It peaked at 4 hr post feeding. Urea supplementation tended to increase the total VFA concentration but the increment was lower than that by feeding ammoniated rice straw. 5. The NH₃-N concentration of ruminal fluid was increased highly by feeding ammoniated rice straw. Urea supplementation increased also the NH₃-N concentration and the increment was higher than that by feeding ammoniated rice straw.
한우 육성 및 비육기 영양수준이 발육 , 사료이용성 및 도체 조성에 미치는 영향
김강식(K . S . Kim),신기준(K . J . Shin),백봉현(B . H . Paek),김용곤(Y . G . Kim),이근상(G . S . Lee),권순기(S . K . Kwon) 한국축산학회 1987 한국축산학회지 Vol.29 No.4
To evaluate the effect of feeding level on daily gain, feed efficiency and carcass composition, high (H: DCP and TDN was supplied for 1.1㎏ daily gain × 1.1) and low (L: DCP and TDN was supplied for 0.6㎏ daily gain × 1.1) level nutrient were fed to each 12 heads of Korean native bulls (KNB) for the 1st period (body weight from about 120㎏ to 300㎏), and thereafter during 2nd period 12 heads were devided into two groups and fed with H and L-feeding level until animals weighted about 500㎏. 1. Daily gain was significantly increased (P$lt;0.05) and the feeding period was significantly decreased when fed with H level. Shifting feeding level (H→L or L→H) did not affect the daily gain during whole period although there was a trend that H level during 1st period was more efficient than L level. 2. Dry matter intake was higher with H level than with L level. 3. DCP efficiency was better when fed with L level. The efficiency of L→H level was lower than that of H→L level during whole period but was better than that of H→H level during the early phase of 2nd period. 4. TDN efficiency was not influenced by the feeding level. However, TDN efficiency of H group was slightly better than that of L group during the 1st period. 5. Dressing percentage was significantly increased when fed with H level during the 2nd period. Fat content was significantly increased when fed with H→H level, while there was no significant differences among H→L, L→H, L→L feeding levels. There was no significant differences in retailed cuts between the feeding levels. 6. Carcass price was higher and feed cost was lower when fed with L level during the 2nd period. The monthly income per head was higher when fed with H level during the 1st period, although there was no big differences between H→H and L→H feeding level.