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- 저자 : 안정석(Ahn, Jung-Suk) (검색결과 18 건)
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근대 자연법사상에 내재된 정치권력의 정당성과 그 현대적 함의
안정석(Ahn Jeong Seog),양삼석(Ryang Sam Seok) 21세기정치학회 2010 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.20 No.1
This paper aims at analyzing modern natural law teachings and their implications for the legitimate use of power(or, ‘the latitude for statesmanship’), in the light of the fact that those teachings have significantly lost their validity in our times. In doing so, we begin, first, to draw on the way Leo Strauss has interpreted those teachings. After that, we analyze mainly such thinkers as Machiavelli, Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. Two key issues dealt with are, first, the significance of ‘state of nature,’ and second, rights and duties of political leaders, observing both of the current liberal and anti-liberal trends of views here. This paper argues that although some solutions may be worked out for our problem, the contradictions between the liberal and anti-liberal thoughts on modern natural law teachings cannot be fully resolved in a satisfactory way; and that, nevertheless, for a new way to look at the problem in the legitimate use of power, we need a cautious step to return to the ancient horizon of thoughts in order to recover the horizon of ‘virtue’ that ancient political philosophers had emphasized as the most important element in their political observations.
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마키아벨리의 도덕적 선-악에 대한 해석방식에 관한 소고
안정석(Ahn Jeong Seog) 21세기정치학회 2006 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.16 No.3
This paper considers Machiavelli's moral revolution in good and bad conducted in his two major political books, The Prince and the Discourses on Livy, and tries to extract some political significance of that revolution. I argue that Machiavelli mainly considers the 'utility' of moral bad in The Prince, but that together with it, in the Discourses, he considers comprehensively both the utility and problem of moral good and bad. Just as Leo Strauss observes that both works convey 'essentially the same teaching from two different perspectives,' so both books reflect Machiavelli's complementary perspective in moral good and bad. Machiavelli's argument running through these two books concerns the 'new prince' or 'reformer.' While traditional morality sought 'moral perfection' through virtue, Machiavelli argues that from the viewpoint of 'utility' or 'results,' moral good and bad, in fact, come much closer to each other than expected, which contradicts the observations made by the traditional thinkers of morality. I show this in the context of both books. After this, I proceed to guess some political significance, based on my analysis of Machiavelli's discovery of new morality and its effectual use. I draw three political possibilities from this analysis of Machiavelli's moral revolution. (1) Machiavelli's revolution resulted in the relativization of the traditional virtue; and the question of the use of 'force' is positively implied in his new discovery of morality and its use. (2) Machiavelli's moral revolution was achieved with a view to the conception of 'political founding,' and this conception of founding is linked to future 'reform' via the concept of 'uno solo'(one man alone). Lastly, (3) Current politics of left-right ideology can be better explained by Machiavelli's use of the term 'imaginary' morality, i.e., untested moral good and bad. I argue that left-right type of ideological politics is merely an expression of what Machiavelli says as 'making profession of good in all regards.'
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안정석(Ahn Jeong Seog) 한국정치학회 2009 한국정치학회보 Vol.43 No.4
이 글은 마키아벨리 연구문헌이 많이 주목하지 않았던 고대로마의 역사학자 리비우스의『로마사』와 이 저서에 의거한 마키아벨리의『리비우스논고』사이의 다섯 가지 차이점에 주목하여 마키아벨리 정치철학의 근대성을 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 이 분석에 있어 이 글은 이 차이점을 다음과 같은 다섯 가지 면으로 축약한다. (1) 고대로마의 ‘번성’의 원인에 관한 견해, (2) ‘민중’의 정치적 의의, (3) 지도자의 ‘개인이익’에 대한 인식, (4) 통치방식, 그리고 (5) 정치과학의 가능성에 대한 마키아벨리와 리비우스의 견해상의 차이가 그것이다. 이 글은 이런 차이점들에 집중하여, 리비우스가 제공하는 고대로마에 대한 사실적 토대 위에서 마키아벨리는 공화정치에 대한 근대적 윤곽을 구축했음을 보이려고 시도한다. 구체적으로, 이 글은 (1)의 문제에서 마키아벨리는 ‘덕성’(또는‘능력’)의 개념으로 리비우스가 보는 로마의 번성의 원인으로서의 ‘덕성’과 ‘운수’의 결합이라는 관점을 비판적으로 재해석하고 있음을 발견할 수 있었고, (2)의 문제에서 마키아벨리는 ‘민중’을 정치의 중심으로 끌어들여 근대적 의미의 ‘공화정치’를 논할 수 있었음을 발견했다. 아울러 이 글은 이 논의에서 마키아벨리가 고대로마에 대한 리비우스의 묘사에 대한 분석을 통하여 근대적, 로크적(Lockean) 의미의 자본주의 정신을 예고하고 있음을 논했다. (3)의 문제에서 이 글은 리비우스가 발견하지 못한 ‘개인이익’(private advantage)의 중요성을 마키아벨리에게서 발견한다. 곧, 마키아벨리는 정치적 공익 (또는 공동선)이 결국은 지도자의 사익과 민중의 이익이 같이 융합되는 지점에서 실현되는 문제임을 강조하고 있음을 이 글은 주장했고, 이 주장의 연장선상에서 ‘새로운 방식과 질서’를 주창하는 마키아벨리가 그것을 실현하기 위해 근대정치세계의 구축을 위한 새로운 이론에 있어서의 ‘군주’의 지위를 암시적으로 주장하고 있으며, 그것을 자신의 ‘개인이익’으로 삼고 있음을 이 글은 추가적으로 주장하고자 했다. (4)의 문제에서 이 글은 리비우스가 온화한 지도방식과 냉혹한 지도방식을 다 같이 긍정하고 있음에 비해 마키아벨리는 플라톤『국가론』의 한 인물인 폴레마르코스와 현대사상가인 칼 슈미트의 우적관계(friend-enemy relations)에 대한 관점을 연상시키는 방식으로 냉혹한 지도방식을 권고하고 있음을 주장했다. 필자는 이 논의에서 추가적으로 근대적 사상에 대한 두 가지 다른 관점을 마키아벨리와 리비우스의 비교는 우리에게 제시하고 있음을 주장하고자 했다. 그리고 마지막으로 이 글은 (5)의 문제에서 리비우스가 민중과 지도자의 역할과 공헌에 있어 일관된 견해가 없이 오락가락 하는 견해를 제시하는 경향이 있음을 지적하고, 마키아벨리는 시간과 장소라는 상황적 요인을 초월하여 민중과 지도자의 행위에 있어 하나의 일관된 유형을 발견하려고 노력하는 점에 주목하여, 마키아벨리가 창도했다고 믿어지는 근대적 정치과학이 리비우스의 비 일관적인 관찰을 극복하려는 그의 일관성의 가정에 기인하는 문제임을 주장하고자 했다. 결국 이 글은 마키아벨리의 근대적 정치철학은 리비우스의 관점과 서술에 내재하는 문제점을 비판적으로 재구성 하는 과정에서 수립된 것임을 이 두 저술가의 사이에서 발견할 수 있다는 점을 주장했다. This paper aims to explore some modern characters in Machiavelli’s political philosophy, focusing on several issues that differentiate Livy, the ancient Roman historian, and Machiavelli, the author of the Discourses on Livy. It describes major differences of the two authors, drawing on the existing literature, and boils them down into differences in the following points on: (1) the causes of the ancient Rome’s prosperity, (2) the political significance of the people, (3) the private advantage of leaders, (4) modes of rule, and (5) the possibility of political science. Focusing on these differing views of the authors, the paper attempts to show that Machiavelli could establish a modern political philosophy, based on Livy. Specifically, in (1), this paper aims to show that Machiavelli critically reinterprets Livy’s view on the combination of virtue and fortune as the cause of Roman prosperity in order to argue for virtue against fortune, criticizing Livy’s view. In (2), This paper demonstrates that Machiavelli sees a moral equality between the people and the nobles or princes, but differences only in political functions of the two classes. Additionally, this paper demonstrates that Machiavelli’s view of the people and the nobles adumbrates future capitalist spirit, as shown in John Locke’s view of property. In (3), This paper shows that Machiavelli takes private advantage of leaders more importantly than Livy did; and as an extension of this argument, this paper further argues that there is something theoretically and spiritually significant, regarding Machiavelli’s own self-interest in his new political philosophy. In (4), this paper compares and contrasts Machiavelli and Livy in the modes of rule of the people. It argues that Machiavelli supports a harsh mode of rule, rather than a humane one, for supporting the interest of republican politics of liberty; and it also argues that Machiavelli and Livy suggest competitive views on rule, and competitive views on modern ideas of political philosophy, therewith. Lastly, in (5), this paper argues that Machiavelli finds in Livy several contradictory views on good people and good leaders that he attempts to improve on Livy’s views into better ones, which might be called more scientific, and thus more modern. In conclusion, this paper finds that the modern character of Machiavelli’s political philosophy was deeply involved in his discovery of some defects or unsatisfactory views inherent in Livy’s ancient views on such key political matters as causes of political prosperity, nature of the people, private advantage of leaders, modes of rule, and political science.
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수열합성을 이용한 나노분말 합성 및 연료감응태양전지 응용
임진영,안정석,안중호,Lim, JinYoung,Ahn, Jeongseok,Ahn, Jung-Ho 한국분말야금학회 2018 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.25 No.4
In the present work, we synthesize nano-sized ZnO, $SnO_2$, and $TiO_2$ powders by hydrothermal reaction using metal chlorides. We also examine the energy-storage characteristics of the resulting materials to evaluate the potential application of these powders to dye-sensitized solar cells. The control of processing parameters such as pressure, temperature, and the concentration of aqueous solution results in the formation of a variety of powder morphologies with different sizes. Nano-rod, nano-flower, and spherical powders are easily formed with the present method. Heat treatment after the hydrothermal reaction usually increases the size of the powder. At temperatures above $1000^{\circ}C$, a complete collapse of the shape occurs. With regard to the capacity of DSSC materials, the hydrothermally synthesized $TiO_2$ results in the highest current density of $9.1mA/cm^2$ among the examined oxides. This is attributed to the fine particle size and morphology with large specific surface area.
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이은정(Eun Jung Lee),안정석(Jeong Suk Ahn),최정윤(Jeong Yoon Choi) 한국조리학회 2008 한국조리학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Molecular gastronomy is a science that deconstructs the classic haute cuisine and applies science knowledge and laboratory techniques to create textures and flavors in unusual ways. The term Molecular Gastronomy was introduced in 1988 by French chemist Herve This and Oxford physicist Nicholas Kurti. It has since been adopted by both world culinary establishments and scientists, from El Bulli to Harold McGee. Since most world-top prestigious restaurants and chefs were enthralled by this revolunary culinary movement, molecular gastronomy and molecular cooking have drawn a growing interest of lots of Korean people in the food industry until now. However, Korean foodservice industry is unlikely to be ready to develop this advent-garde culinary movement because molecular gastronomy is still an insufficiently established concept of culinary science and philosophy in Korea. Besides, there are many clumsy abuses of putative and clinically unproven bio-chemical components in kitchens and restaurants in the name of culinary science or culinary arts. Such a careless approach and attitude towards an important exercise like a cooking is highly deplorable. Thus it is still too far early to expect the prospective path of molecular gastronomy in Korea without understanding the core principle of molecular gastronomy and having any cultural support.
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