플로베르 소설 속의 도시들 : 루앙 , 파리 , 카르타고 Rouen , Paris , Carthage

김계선 한국불어불문학회 2001 佛語佛文學硏究 Vol.45 No.-

L'espace romanesque chez Flaubert se re´ve`le petit et e´troit; le personnage s'y sent e´touffe´. Pourtant la ville flaubertienne est ambivalente: elle est certes ferme´e, mais aussi ouverte: elle est tanto^t hostile au personnage, tanto^t accueillante. Quand il s'agit de la re´alite´, la ville telle que Rouen n'est pas d'espace ouvert ou` une a^me est dans un e´tat d'exaltation, mais comme un abi^me ou` Emma s'enlise enfin. Et la ville telle que Paris ou Carthage apparai^t comme un labyrinthe ou` Fre´de´ric et Ma^tho s'e´garent sans cesse pour en arriver au coeur et ne trouvent pas leur direction a` prendre. Mais il y a le moment ou` le personnage projette un sentiment fort sur l'espace qui l'entoure, quand celui-ci s'harmonise heureusement avec celui-la` et tout d'un coup, la ville re´elle se tronsforme en ville re^ve´e. Alors, l'espace s'ouvre inde´finiment devant le personnage qui se perd dans les moments d'extases affectives. Le passage de la ville re´elle a` la ville re^ve´e se fait par l'illusion. Elle fait disparai^tre a` un moment donne´ l'espace re´el et nai^tre l'espace ide´al, c'est-a`-dire un espace plein d'espoir et d'amour. La ville re^ve´e n'offre pas seulement l'occasion de faire une escapade romantique, loin des pesanteurs de la vie, mais elle e´voque une autre re´alite´, profonde, qui pourrait e^tre vraie. L'illusion se rapporte donc a` l'essentiel de la litte´rature qui recherche la ve´rite´ des choses et du monde. Selon Flaubert, la premie`re qualite´ de l'art est l'illusion. Pour "faire re^ver", il ne suffit pas de repre´senter le re´el tel qu'il est, mais il faut donner le sentiment de l'infini. L'ambivalence de la ville flaubertienne vise a` donner a` la re´alite´ une dimension de plus ou a` embrasser le tout a` travers l'illusion. Elle semble e^tre lie´e a` l'ide´e que le fini ne comprend jamais l'infini.

가공식품에 밀려나는 전통음식

김계선 사회발전연구소 1991 한국인 Vol.10 No.11

서울지역 미세먼지에 영향을 미치는 외부요인의 기여도 평가

김계선,허종배,김승희,최보라,이승묵 대한환경공학회 2007 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2007 No.12

환상의 시학

김계선 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2008 다문화사회연구 Vol.1 No.1

成人男子의 身體計測과 要因構造分析 : 大邱 ·慶北地域을 中心으로 Centering around Taegu and Kyongbuk areas

洪禎敏,金桂仙 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1993 연구논문집 Vol.47 No.1

The purpose of this study to analyse 58 items including the measured values of 48 items. The analysis was done by calculated values of 2 items and index values of 8 items, by measuring with Martin gauge the physical bodies of 194 male adults (20~50 years old)residing in Taegu and Kyongbuk areas. We can obtain the basic information about the design of costumes for the male adult through this measurement. The result of this study is summarized as follows. 1.It was shown that there was a significant difference (P≤0.001 or P≤0.005) in such items as width, thickness and circumference with increase of their age. 2.The index values by ages indicated that there were an increase their waist width/height, hips circumference/height, chest circumference/height, chest circumference/height, waist circumference/chest circumference, which which means the lareger chest, waist and hips of those male adults with increase of their age. In addition, their flat rate according to the age showed that it increased with increase of their age, while the chest, waist and hips were sylindrical. Also it was shown that their side rate decreased while their thickness of hips was larger than that of chest on teh basis of waist thickness. 3.The correlation between these items indicated that there was closer correlation between height items while their weight correlation to width thickness was middle. Also its correlation to circumference was higher. And there was nearly no its correiation to angle and wasit depth in all items. 4.The factors were analysed on the basis of correlation coefficients. The analysed result is summarized as follows. Factor 1 is thickness and circumference items. Factor 2 is height and length items. Factor 3 is item No. 13, 16 and 35. Factor 4 is item No. 24 and 36. Factor 5 is item No. 18 and 23. Factor 6 is item No. 43 and 44. Factor 7 is item No. 12 and 48. Factor 8 is item No. 47 Factor 9 is item No. 45 and 46. 5.Based on the above result, such items as circumference, length and angle, include in common factors cna be applied to the values by formula when making the basic form of the male adult. However, it is required to apply the directly measured values measured values to the basic form in case of special factor items. Additionally, it is also necessary to continue to promote the study on the physical body of the male adult on the basic of this study.

Infusion efficiency of fluorescein derivatives of different molecular sizes into various starches under atmospheric and high hydrostatic pressures

김계선,오선민,최승현,최종현,배지은,김희윤,예상진,백무열 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.10

Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FDs) ofdifferent molecular weights were infused into corn, waxyrice, tapioca, and potato starches under atmospheric andhigh hydrostatic pressures (HHP). FD4, FD10, FD20, andFD40 (Mw 4000, 10,000, 20,000, and 40,000, respectively)were used as infusion materials. Confocal laser scanningmicroscopy confirmed that all FDs except FD40 infusedinto corn, waxy rice, and tapioca starches. However, noFDs infused into potato starch. Corn starch had the highestamounts of infused FDs. As molar mass increased, theamount of infused FD decreased in all starches. Theinfused amounts of FDs in corn starch were similar at200–300 MPa and atmospheric pressure. Infusion of FDs at400 MPa was reduced due to partial gelatinization. Theseresults confirm that infusion efficiency is inversely proportionalto the molecular weight of the infused materialand large materials (Mw[40,000) cannot be infused intostarch granules under atmospheric pressure or HHP.

치은염의 비외과적 처치 후 치은열구온도의 변화

김계선,정현주 전남대학교 치과대학 1991 전남치대논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The study was undertaken to examine the changes in the gingival crevicular temperature after scaling and root planing in patients with gingivitis. Ten systemically healthy subjects ranging in age from 24 to 26 years were selected and all subjects exhibited gingval inflammation and gingival crevices of less than 3mm in depth. For each subject, the sublingual temperature was measured to compensate for subject-to-subject variations in body core temperature, and the sulcus bleeding index and the gingival crevicular temperature was recorded at the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual and distolingual sites of 274 teeth. After 2 weeks following thorough scaling and root planing, all measurements were repeated. The temperature differences relative to each subject's sublingual temperatures were analyzed using paired t-test. The results were as follows : 1. After scaling and root planing, the sulcus bleeding index decreased significantly(P<0.005). 2. After treatment, the gingival crevicular temperature decreased totally by 1.73℃ (P<0.001). There was a tendency to a pronounced decrease of the crevicular temperature in the maxillary teeth than in the mandibular teeth. 3. After treatment, the gingival crevicular temperature decreased by 1.83℃ (P<0.01) at the buccal sites and by 1.63℃ (P<0.001) at the lingual sites. There was a tendency toa pronounced decrease of the crevicular temperature in the buccal sites than in the lingual sites. 4. After treatment, the gingival crevicular temperature decreased by 1.34℃ (P<0.001) at the posterior teeth and by 2.25℃ (P<0.001) at the anterior teeth. There was a tendency to a pronounced decrease of the crevicular temperature in the anterior teeth than in the posterior teeth. 5. After treatment, the gingival crevicular temperature decreased by 1.46℃ (P<0.001) at the posterior-buccal sites, by 1.21℃ (P<0.001) at the posterior-lingual sites, by 2.23℃ (P<0.001) at the anterior-labial sites and by 2.18℃ (P<0.01) at the anterior-lingual sites. In conclusion, the gingival crevicular temperature decreased due to the reduction of the gingival inflammation after scaling and root planing in patients with gingivitis and this suggests that the crevicular temperature measurement may be a useful means for diagnosis of gingivitis and determination of healing processes.

Flaubert의 Salammbô에 나타난 동양

김계선 한국불어불문학회 2013 불어불문학연구 Vol.0 No.95

Salammbô se passe à Carthage, trois siècles avant Jésus-Christ, après la première guerre punique. Bien qu'ils aient gagné cette guerre avec l'aide des Mercenaires, les Carthaginois ne leur paient pas leur solde; si bien que ceux-là sont sur le point de se révolter. Le roman représente un passé qui est très éloigné et presque perdu à cause de la rareté des vestiges archéologiques et des études alors existantes. De plus, Carthage est une cité sans devenir, qui sera détruite à l'issu des guerres puniques. Flaubert choisit une histoire oubliée, une civilisation perdue et des événements dont la rationalité historique est problématique. Sa demande de créance ne repose désormais que sur l'illusion, soignement mise au point. Par tout un procédé, Flaubert fait de Salammbô une femme lointaine, mystérieuse pour créer un mirage. La cité punique et la scène de la guerre sont représentées de la mê̂me façon du personnage. Par contre, la religion est utilisée pour donner force de realité au mirage. Flaubert crée un mirage à partir de représentations et de récits antérieurs. Il fixe son mirage en allant des livres au livre. Par là Salammbô crée l'illusion d'un monde qui n'est pas. Car l'oeuvre d'art doit "faire rê̂ver". Il crée ainsi un effet de continuité, de plénitude, indispensable à l'illusion romanesque. Le pari que Flaubert fait avec Salammbô̂ est non seulement de créer un mirage à partir d'une réalité qui a disparu mais c'est aussi d'essayer du grotesque qui cherche l'harmonie des choses disparates et l'unité des contrastes. Le grotesque échappe à la pensée des limites; par delà les limites, Flaubert vise l'illusion romanesque.

플로베르 작품속에 나타난 환영

김계선 淑明女子大學校 1995 佛文化硏究 Vol.3 No.-

서울시 미세먼지(PM₁?, PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>)의 고농도 사례 특성 파악

김계선,허종배,김현선,최보라,이승묵 한국대기환경학회 2007 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-