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Post-fire Effects on Soil Properties in Red Pine (Pinus densiflora) Stands
김춘식,구교상,변재경,정진현 한국산림과학회 2005 Forest Science And Technology Vol.1 No.1
This study aimed to investigate change on soil properties due to the fire for one week and one year in Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc, one of the most important timber species in Korea. After one year, bulk density of the high intensity fire area increased in surface soil (0~5 cm) compared with the unburned area. Bulk density to 25 cm was greater in the high than in the low intensity fire areas. Soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium increased immediately after fire in surface soil of the burned area compared with the unburned area, but there was no marked change in subsurface soil (5~25 cm). Organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable cations in the surface soil were generally less in the high than in the low intensity fire areas, suggesting oxidation and volatilization loss. Soil pH and nutrients in surface soil of the burned area decreased rapidly after one year from forest fire. The results suggest that the decrease of nutrients after one year from forest fire may be associated with uptake by vegetation, and accelerated erosion and leaching losses by the exposure of mineral soils.
Cellulose Decomposition Rates in Clear-cut and Uncut Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) Stands
김춘식,변재경,안현철 한국산림과학회 2010 Forest Science And Technology Vol.6 No.1
This study was carried out to determine the effects of clear-cutting on cellulose decomposition in a 42-year-old pine (Pinus densiflora S. et. Z.) stand. The variation of cellulose mass loss with soil temperature, soil pH, soil CO₂ efflux rates, soil moisture and soil organic carbon content was measured monthly for 1 year from clear-cut and uncut pine plots. Annual mean cellulose mass loss rates during the study period were generally higher (P = 0.07) in the clear-cut (3.73 mg g−¹ day−¹) than in the uncut (2.74 mg g−¹ day−¹) plots. Increased cellulose mass loss rates in the clear-cut could be attributed to the change of soil environmental factor such as soil temperature following canopy removal. Cellulose mass loss rates in the clearcut and the uncut plots were positively correlated with soil temperature (clear-cut: r = 0.677, P < 0.01; uncut: r = 0.702, P < 0.01) at a soil depth of 20 cm, while there was no significant correlation (P > 0.05) between cellulose mass loss and soil water or soil organic carbon content. The results indicate that soil temperature is a key variable on increased cellulose mass loss rates following canopy removal in a red pine stand.
김춘식,손요환,이우균,정재엽,노남진,김소라,양아람,주남규 한국산림과학회 2012 Forest Science And Technology Vol.8 No.2
This study was conducted to examine litterfall and nutrient inputs following forest tending works (FTW) which are one of the most important forest management activities in Korea. We measured litterfall and nutrient (C, N, P, K,Ca, Mg) inputs from needle litter in FTW and non-FTW (control) stands of approximately 40-year-old red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in the Hwangmaesan Soopkakkugi model forest in Sancheonggun Gyeongsangnamdo,Korea. Seasonal inputs of litterfall components such as needle, broadleaf, branch, bark and total litter inputs followed a similar pattern between the FTW and control stands. Annual average needle and total litterfall were significantly lower in the FTW (2483 kg ha^-1 yr^-1; 4038 kg ha^-1 yr^-1) than in the control stands (3377 kg ha^-1yr^-1; 5589 kg ha^-1 yr^-1) during the study period. Nitrogen concentration of needle litter was significantly affected by FTW (P < 0.05), while other nutrient (C, P, K, Ca, Mg) concentrations were not significantly different between the FTW and control stands. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the organic C, N, P and Ca inputs by needle litter following FTW, whereas K and Mg inputs were not significantly different between the FTW and control stands. The results indicate that the reduction of litterfall and nutrient inputs following FTW can be attributed to reduced needle litterfall and vary considerably nutrient cycle in FTW stands.
김춘식,손요환,이우균,정재엽,노남진,김소라,양아람 한국산림과학회 2012 Forest Science And Technology Vol.8 No.2
This study was conducted to determine mass loss rates and nutrient dynamics from decomposing litter following forest-tending (Soopkakkugi) works (FTW) which are one of the most important forest management activities in Korea. We measured litter decomposition rates for 2 years in FTW and non-FTW (control) stands of approximately 40-year-old red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in the Hwangmaesan Soopkakkugi model forest in Sancheonggun Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. Mass loss rates from decomposing needle litter were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the FTW than in the control stands for three of the six sampling dates during the study period. Nutrient concentrations and nutrients remaining such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium from decomposing litter were significantly different (P < 0.05) between the FTW and control stands because of decreased mass loss rates by increased gaps following FTW. The results indicate that FTW clearly influence litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics from decomposing needle litter because of the change of environmental factors caused by partial canopy removal such as FTW.
Base cation fluxes and release by needle litter in three adjacent coniferous plantations
김춘식,안현철,조현서,추갑철 한국산림과학회 2013 Forest Science And Technology Vol.9 No.4
This study was carried out to evaluate base cation (K, Ca, Mg) fluxes and release by needle litter in three adjacentconiferous plantations (larch: Larix leptolepis; red pine: Pinus densiflora, rigitaeda pine: P. rigita taeda) planted in thesame year (1963) in the Sambong Exhibition Forests, Korea. Needle litter was collected monthly from July 2006 to June2008 and litter decomposition rates were measured from December 2006 to June 2008. The concentrations and fluxes of Kand Mg were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the larch than in both pine plantations. The differences in K and Mg fluxesin needle litter were attributed to low nutrient concentrations of pine needle litter compared with larch needle litter, whilethe highest fluxes of Ca in the red pine plantation were due to high concentration and inputs of needle litter compared withother two coniferous plantations. Potassium and Mg concentrations (mg g1) and remaining (mg bag1) from needle litterduring the decomposition processes were higher in the larch than in both pine plantations, while Ca concentration andremaining were significantly lower in the rigiteada than in the larch or red pine plantations. These results demonstrate thatbase cation cycling processes can be varied considerably after plantation establishment by the characteristics of needlelitter fluxes and nutrient release among tree species types.