道와 인간

金昡,炅(Hyun kyung Kim) 한국동양철학회 2016 동양철학 Vol.0 No.46

본 연구는 성리학이 갖는 영원의 철학(Perennial Philosophy)적 맥락을 짚어보는 것에 목적을 둔다. 동서고금의 수많은 종교의 심층에는 서로 상통되는 부분이 있다. 이것을 가리키는 이름은 여럿이다. 영성이나 신비주의라 하기도 하고, 세계 어느 지역에서나 시대를 막론하고 반복적으로 등장하는 세계관이라는 의미에서, ‘영원의 철학’이라는 표현을 쓰기도 한다. 이 사상에 의하면 세계는 무수한 상호 연관으로 이루어진 하나의 거대한 흐름 같은 것이고, 존재의 근거는 전체성으로 설명된다. 그런데 보통의 사람들은 자신의 개별적 자아에 대한 관심으로 인해, 부분적이고 왜곡된 앎을 갖고 전체로부터 소외된 채 지내고 있다. 현자들은 이러한 문제를 해소하는, 신비적 합일의 체험에 관심을 둔다. 존재의 근거인 神이 자기 안에 있다는 깨달음을 통해 전체성을 회복해야 한다는 것이다. 이를 위해서 요구되는 것이 자기중심적인 사고에서의 탈피이다. 현자들은 자신에게 주어지는 일을 저항 없이 받아들이며, 현재에 집중해서 사는 공통점을 갖는다. 天人合一에 목표를 두는 성리학의 道論과 인간 본성에 대한 탐구, 敬을 중심으로 하는 수양 이론은 영원의 철학의 기본 방향과 궤를 함께하는 것이라 할 수 있다. This research examines Neo-Confucianism in connection with ‘Perennial Philosophy’. There is something in common which many religions across the ages and in all countries of the world share. It has several names such as spirituality or mysticism. It is, in addition, also referred to as the term ‘Perennial Philosophy’, meaning that it is an outlook on the world which repeatedly appears across eras and regions all over the world. According to the idea, the world is a kind of a great stream, comprised of countless interactions with the whole and the ground of being is accounted for by the wholeness. However, ordinary people have partial and distorted knowledge and dissociated from the whole due to their interest in individual self. Wise men take an interest in having experience of mystical union. In other words, by understanding that there is god inside of oneself, which is ground of being, the wholeness is recovered. In order for that, getting out of a self-centered mind set is required. As a result, wise men accept given tasks without resistance and share a commonality that is living, focusing on the present. Theories on Dao, inquiries on human nature and the theory on self-discipline based on Jing of Neo-Confucianism which aims to the harmony between nature and human beings can be seen in line with the Perennial Philosophy.

다양한 진로모색을 위한 치위생학과 학생과 선배 치과위생사의 심층면담

경혜인 ( Hye In Kyung ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),엄제현 ( Jae Hyun Eom ),이지희 ( Ji Hui Lee ),조은정 ( Eun Jung Cho ),박고은 ( Go Eun Park ),김남희 ( Nam Hee Kim ) 한국치위생과학회 2015 치위생과학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The aim of this study was to provide practical information regarding career exploration to dental hygiene students. This study interviewed 15 senior dental hygienists (graduates of Y University Dental Hygiene program) who have worked in non-clinical fields for about three months from January 14, 2014 to April 28. The most frequently mentioned pieces of information that the senior dental hygienists wanted to convey to dental hygiene students were as followed. Contrary to popular belief, clinical experience was also required in non-clinical fields as the importance of clinical experience was quite often and widely emphasized and applied in such fields. High academic excellence and clinical performance were expected of junior dental hygienists and the senior dental hygienists expressed their hope for their juniors to pioneer new fields and areas of work that a dental hygienist can do. Most of the senior dental hygienists pointed out that to develop technical tools for career exploration as early as possible, such as during undergraduate years and to think about which career path to take, whether it is clinical or academic were significantly important factors for desirable career outcomes. Based on the results of this study, undergraduate dental hygiene students should be provided with opportunities to consider and explore various career paths during their undergraduate years and to communicate with their seniors for hands-on experience-based advices. This would in turn broaden each student`s perspective beyond their knowledge or thought about the professional filed of dental hygiene. It was found that the majority of the senior dental hygienists agreed that their clinical experience was the source of their self-competence as a dental hygienist. Our study could be utilized as a valuable resource for future dental hygienists who wish to work in non-clinical fields.

Oxalic Acid와 Citric Acid의 TiO₂ 광촉매에 의한 분해 특성 조사

경규석(Gyu Seok Kyung),조순행(Soon Haing Cho),최영수(Young Soo Choi),김동현(Dong Hyun Kim),하동윤(Dong Yun Ha) 大韓環境工學會 2003 대한환경공학회지 Vol.25 No.3

15세 여아에서 발생한 폐포단백증 1예

경예찬 ( Ye Chan Kyung ),김지현 ( Ji Hyun Kim ),김홍관 ( Hong Kwan Kim ),한정호 ( Joung Ho Han ),안강모 ( Kang Mo Ahn ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2015 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.3 No.1

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a diffuse lung disease characterized by the accumulation of lipoproteins derived from surfactants in the distal air space. The lack of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor is believed to contribute to macrophage dysfunction and the impaired processing of surfactants. Because the prevalence of PAP in the general population is less than 1 in 200,000, and the typical age at presentation is 35 to 50 years, PAP is a very rare disease in children. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no Korean report on PAP in children. We describe here a patient who was diagnosed with PAP at the aged 15 years.

폐 섬유모세포에서 황사의 미세먼지(Particulate Matter 10)가 활성산소족과 TGF-β, NF-κB, PDGF-α, Fibronectin의 생성에 미치는 영향

김아현 ( Ah Hyun Kim ),전수연 ( Su Yeon Chon ),윤진영 ( Jin Young Yoon ),김유진 ( Yu Jin Kim ),경선영 ( Sun Young Kyung ),이상표 ( Sang Pyo Lee ),박정웅 ( Jeong Woong Park ),정성환 ( Sung Hwan Jeong ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.6

Background: Dust clouds blown by the wind from the arid deserts of Mongolia and Northeast China are known as Asian dust storms. Ambient particulate matter with a diameter <10 μm (PM10) is associated with the exacerbation of respiratory diseases and increased mortality of heart and lung disease patients. The fibrotic effects of PM10 of Asian dust to pulmonary fibroblast cells are unknown. This study examined the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), TGF-β, NF-κB, PDGF-α and Fibronectin in fibroblasts exposed to Asian dust particles. Methods: Air samples were collected using a high volume air sampler (Sibata model HV500F) with an air flow of 500 L/min for at least 6 hours. The MRC-5 cells were exposed to 0, 50 and 100 μg/mL of PM10 for 24 hours. ROS was detected by measuring the level of oxidized DCF using FACS. TGF-β, NF-κB, PDGF-α and fibronectin were detected by western blotting. Results: There was no increase in the ROS, TGF-β and PDGF-α levels in the MRC-5 cells exposed to PM10. The NF-κB level was higher in the MRC-5 cells exposed to 50 and 100 μg/mL of PM10 for 24 hours. The fibronectin level in the MRC-5 cells after 24 hours incubation with 50 μg/mL PM10 was significantly higher than the control group (PM10 50 μg/mL 113.27±8.65 of control, p=0.005). Conclusion: PM10 from Asian dust increases the activation of NF-κB and fibronectin expression in MRC-5 fibroblast cells.

Airway Narrowing Patterns during Obstructive Sleep Apnea : Airway CT and Multi-level Airway Pressure Monitoring

정승철,홍승봉,경승현,김후원,Jeong, Seung-Cheol,Hong, Seung-Bong,Kyung, Seung-Hyun,Kim, Hoo-Won KOREAN ACADEMY OF SLEEP MEDICINE 2000 수면·정신생리 Vol.7 No.1

목적 및 방법 : 수면무호흡증 환자들에서 상기도 압력 측정법을 이용하여 수면 중 기도협착의 형태를 연구하고, 각성시와 수면 중에 실시한 상기도 CT scan의 수면무호흡 중 기도 협착 부위의 예측도를 평가하기 위하여, 11명의 수면무호흡증 환자에서 4 압력 센서 또는 2 압력 센서가 달린 도관을 상기도로 삽입하여 상기도의 압력을 측정하면서 수면다원검사를 시행하고, 이 환자들에서 각성시와 수면 중에 상기도의 다섯 곳(high-retropalatal, low-retropalatal, retroglossal, hypopharynx, esophagus)에서 cine CT를 시행한 후 각 방법에 의하여 기도 협착 부위를 진단하고, 수면 중 상기도 압력 측정 결과에 의거하여 상기도 cine CT의 정확도를 평가하였다. 결 과: 상기도 압력 측정 결과 4명(36%)만이 수면 중에 단일 형태의 기도 협착을 보였고, 나머지 7명(64%)은 여러 가지 형태의 기도 협착을 보였다. Velopharynx가 수면무호흡시에 가장 흔히 관찰되는 기도 협착 부위였다(63.6%). 그러나, 상기도 cine CT결과는 수면무호흡 중에 8명이 단일 형태의 기도 협착을 보였다(72.7%). Apneic CT에서도 Velopharynx가 가장 흔한 기도 협착 부위였다. 상기도 압력 측정법과 상기도 CT 촬영법 사이의 기도 협착 진단의 일치율은 단 5명에서만 잘 일치하였고(high-concordant), 5명은 잘 일치하지 않았으며(low-concordant), 나머지 1명은 전혀 일치하지 않았다. 결 론: 대부분의 수면무호흡증 환자는 수면 중 여러 번 발생하는 수면무호흡에서 2가지 또는 그 이상의 기도 협착 형태를 보이므로, 단 1회의 수면무호흡의 상태만을 반영하는 상기도 CT는 수면무호흡의 기도 협착 부위를 적절히 반영하지 못한다고 생각된다. Objectives: To investigate the airway narrowing patterns by multi-level airway pressure(MAP) monitoring during sleep and to evaluate the value of CT scan taken during waking and sleep apneic periods to identify the level of airway narrowing(LAN) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS). Methods: Eleven patients with OSAS underwent a night polysomnography with continuous MAP monitoring by 4-sensor(placed at nasopharynx, caudal-uvula, hypopharynx, esophagus) or 2-sensor(placed at caudal-uvula and esophagus) catheter. All patients had cine CT at five levels of high retro and alatal, low retropalatal, retroglossal, epiglottis and hypopharynx during awake and sleep periods. In each patient, LAN determined by CT scan($LAN_{CT}$) during sleep apnea was compared with LAN by MAP monitoring($LAN_{MAP}$). Results: MAP monitoring showed that four patients(36%) had a single pattern of LAN while the other seven patients(64%) showed two or more different LANs in different apneic episodes. Velopharynx was the most common level of frequently observed airway narrowing during sleep apnea(63.6%). However, a single pattern of airway narrowing was more frequent(72.7%) in airway CT during sleep apnea. Velopharynx was the most common narrowest level also in apneic CT(66%). In comparing $LAN_{CT}$ with $LAN_{MAP}$, the $LAN_{CT}$ of five patients(45.5%) were high-concordant, those of another five(45.5%) low-concordant, and that of one(9%) discordant with $LAN_{MAP}$. Conclusions: Cine CT scan during the awake state or sleep apnea may not reflect the LAN correctly in OSAS because most patients showed two or more different airway narrowing patterns during different episodes of sleep apnea in each patient.

Oxalic Acid와 Citric Acid UV/H₂O₂에 의한 분해특성 조사

하동윤,조순행,최영수,경규석,김동현,Ha, Dong-Yun,Cho, Soon-Haing,Choi, Young-Soo,Kyung, Gyu-Seok,Kim, Dong-Hyun 대한환경공학회 2000 대한환경공학회지 Vol.22 No.7

원자력 발전소에서 발생되는 제염폐수에 함유된 Oxalic acid와 Citric acid를 고급산화방법(Advanced Oxidation Process) 중의 하나인 $UV/H_2O_2$를 적용하여 이들 물질의 분해특성 및 최적처리조건을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 각각의 물질에 대하여 $H_2O_2$나 UV를 단독사용할 경우, pH 및 과산화수소의 주입량 변화, Oxalic acid와 Citric acid의 농도변화에 따른 분해특성에 대하여 조사하였다. $H_2O_2$나 UV만으로도 완전분해가 가능한 반면 Citric acid는 같은 파장의 UV만으로는 분해가 잘되지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 과산화수소와는 두 물질 모두 반응성이 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 산화공정에서 반응속도상수, 반응시간, 제거효율, 과산화수소 소모량 등에 대한 결과를 종합한 결과 Oxalic acid의 경우 pH 4 이하의 낮은 pH에서, Citric acid는 pH 4~6 정도의 약산성 부근에서 높은 분해효율을 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. 최적 pH에서는 과산화수소의 주입량이 증가할수록 두 물질 모두 제거효율이 증가하는 것으로 조사되었으나 과산화수소의 주입량이 200 mg/L 이상을 초과하는 경우에는 과산화수소에 의한 OH radical trap에 의하여 제거효율이 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과 $UV/H_2O_2$ 광분해에 의한 Oxalic acid와 Citric acid의 처리시 pH 4에서 과산화수소 주입량 200 mg/L일 경우 가장 효율적인 것으로 조사되었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the degradation characteristics of oxalic acid and citric acid by $UV/H_2O_2$ oxidation. For this purpose, the effects of pH, $H_2O_2$ dosage and the concentration of each compounds on the degradation of oxalic acid and citric acid by $UV/H_2O_2$ were investigated. Oxalic acid was effectively degraded at the wavelength of 254 nm, while the degradation efficiency of citric acid was very low at the same wavelength. It was also found that both organic substances were not degraded by the injection of $H_2O_2$ only. The optimum pH of degradation of oxalic acid and citric acid was 4 and 4 to 6, respectively. In the case of $UV/H_2O_2$ oxidation, the degradation efficiency was increased by increasing $H_2O_2$ dosage. The degradation efficiency decreased when the dose of $H_2O_2$ exceeds 200 mg/L. From these results, it can be concluded that the optimum reaction conditions for the degradation of oxalic acid and citric acid by $UV/H_2O_2$ oxidation were pH 4 and 200mg/L of $H_2O_2$.

통일벼의 도정과 품질 및 저장에 관한 연구

정동효(Dong-Hyo Chung),경문현(Moon-Hyun Kyung),공준섭(Joon-Sup Kong),김희갑(Hi-Kap Kim) 한국식품과학회 1976 한국식품과학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Oxalic Acid와 Citric Acid의 UV/H₂O₂에 의한 분해특성 조사

하동윤(Dong Yun Ha),조순행(Soon Haing Cho),최영수(Young Soo Choi),경규석(Gyu Seok Kyung),김동현(Dong Hyun Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2000 대한환경공학회지 Vol.22 No.7

성문상부암종에서 성문상 후두부분절제술과 경부청소술의 치료성적

태 경(Kyung Tae):민현정(Hyun Jung Min),송미나(Mi Na Song),신광수(Kwang Soo Shin),이승환(Seung Hwan Lee),김경래(Kyung Rae Kim),이형석(Hyung Seok Lee) 대한두경부종양학회 2007 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Background and Objectives :Supraglottic partial laryngectomy is oncologically sound surgical procedure for selected cases of laryngeal cancer which maintains physiologic speech and swallowing without permanent tra-cheostoma. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the oncologic and functional results of supraglottic partial laryngectomy and neck dissection for supraglottic cancer. Materials and Methods :Between 1991-2005, Twenty-three supraglottic cancer patients, underwent supra-glottic partial laryngectomy, were studied retrospectively. There were 5 patients with cT1, 14 with cT2, 4 with cT3 and 11 patients with cN0, 1 with cN1, 10 with cN2, 1 with cN3. All patients underwent neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy was added to twenty patients. They were reviewed with respect to primary subsites, extended subsites, treatment result, survival rate, factors affecting the prognosis, postoperative complication, time of decannulation and oral diet, and postoperative voice. Results :Among eleven patients with clinically negative node, six patients had pathologically positive nodes. So occult metastasis was 54.5%. Two patients recurred at cervical lymph node and one had distant metastasis to lung. Local and regional control were 100% and 91.3%. The overall 3-year and 5-year survival rate were 84%, 78%, respectively. Nineteen cases were squamous cell carcinomas and four were basaloid squamous cell carcinomas. Basaloid subtype was significantly affected to survival. Decannulation and oral feeding were possible in 100%. Conclusions :Supraglottic partial laryngectomy is oncologically safe and functionally good procedure in supraglottic cancers. Elective neck dissection is beneficial in management of occult cervical metastasis.