한센사업에서의 재활사업에 대한 한센전문기관의 역할에 대한 분석

김종필,김연실,고영훈 대한나학회 2003 대한나학회지 Vol.36 No.2

일부 청소년들에서 흡연노출량에 따른 혈중 카드뮴 농도

장성실,권윤형,배진순,노영만,한진구 韓國學校保健學會 2001 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

Objectives: We surveyed the prevalence of smoking among the adolescent population and analysed the correlation of the two exposure biomarkers-concentration of blood cadmium and urinary cotinine-to the smoking status. Methods: Subjects were 193 middle and high school students in Chungnam province. Blood cadmium and urinary cotinine were compared by sex and smoking status. Smoking status were classified by either the concentration of urinary cotinine or subjective answering as a smoker in the questionnaire. Results: Smoking prevalence was 24.6%, 36.2% and 6.7% among all subjects, male and female subjects, respectively. Average smoking amount was 17.5 and 1.5 cigarettes per month among the male subjects and female subjects, respectively Mean concentration of urinary cotinine among the male subjects was 135.57 ㎍/ℓ, and that of female subjects was 116.59 ㎍/. Direct smokers showed higher concentration of urinary cotinine than those of indirect smokers, and subjects with higher urinary concentration showed higher prevalence of smoking, too. Mean concentration of blood cadmium was 0.0572 ㎍/㎗ among the male subjects, and 0.0693 ㎍/㎗ among the female subjects. Among the male subjects, both exposure biumarkers showed significant correlation to the smoking status, but among the female subjects urinary cotinine did not show significant correlation to the smoking status. Conclusion: Concentrations of these two biomarkers suggested that this population had significantly high evironmental tobacco smoking(ETS) and efficient stop-smoking programs to reduce ETS should be directed to this population. Key words : environmental tobacco smoking, urinary cotinine, blood cadmium

돼지 신장세포(PK15)의 이종이식 거부반응에 대한 재조합 IL-18의 영향

최연실,김은미,김영관,박상연,심정현,윤도영,강형식,명평근 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2004 생물공학연구지 Vol.10 No.1

Various cytokines including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, IFN-γ, and TNF-α have been recently reported to play important roles in both host and donor cell activations during xenotransplantation. Interleukin (IL)-18, a proinflammatory cytokine, can induce IL-4 and IL-13 production in T cells, NK cells, B cells, mast cells, and basophils. IL-18 has the capacity to stimulate innate immunity and both Th1-and Th2- mediated responses, but little is known to involve in the xenograft rejection. In order to investigate the role of IL-18 in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the pig kidney (PK15) cells to C57BL/6 mouse with or without intraperitoneal injection of mouse recombinatant IL-18. It was analyzed the population of T cell, B cell and NK cell in the mice transplanted with PK 15 cells and recombinant IL-18 by flow cytometry. We found that splenic CD3+ T cells were increased in mice injected PK15 cells with recombinant IL-18. These results suggest that recombinant IL-18 is critical in the xenograft rejection by increasing T cell population of the recipients.

양극성 장애 환자에 있어서 Tyrosine Hydroxylase 유전자의 VNTR 다형성

권용실,도규영,전태연,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

목 적: Tyrosine Hydroxylse는 대뇌 카테콜아민 합성에 관여하는 속도 제한 효소로서 양극성 장애의 주요원인 유전자로서 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 tyrosine hydroxylse 유전자의 첫 번째 intron내 VNTR 다형성 부위와 양극성 장애와의 유전적 연관성을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법: 115명의 양극성 장애 환자와 85명의 정상 대조군을 대상으로(TCAT) 반복 염기 서열을 포함하는 VN-TR 다형성 부위를 중합효소연쇄 반응을 이용하여 증폭한 후 유전자를 동정하였다. 분리된 4종류의 대립 유전자를(TCAT) 반복 횟수에 의한 다형성에 의거하여 각각 A : (TCAT)6, C ; (TCAT)7 C : (TCAT)a, 그리고 D : (TCAT)9로 나누어 대립유전자와 유전자형에 따른 빈도 차이를 비교하였고, 환자군을 가족력유무와 발병 연령에 따른 임상 아형으로 나눈 후 각 대립유전자의 빈도를 조사하여 비교하였다. 결과 1) 환자군과 대조군 사이의 대립유전자 비교에서는 환자군이 대조군보다 A형의 빈도가 유의하게 낮았고 D형의 빈도는 유의하게 높음을 보였다. 또한 유전자형에 따른 비교에서 BD형이 환자군에서 유의하게 높았다. 2) 환자군을 가족력 유무에 따라 가족력이 있는 군과 가족력이 없는 군으로 나누어 각각 및 대조군과 대립유전자 빈도를 비교하였을 때 가족력이 있는 군과 가족력이 없는 군 사이에서는 차이가 없었으나. 대조군과 비교시 가족력이 있는 군에서 A형이 유의하게 낮았고 D형이 유의하게 높은 빈도를 보였다. 3) 환자군을 발병 연령에 따라 조기 및 만기 발병 군으로 나누어 각각 및 대조군과 대림유전자 빈도를 비교하였을 때 조기 발병군이 만기 발병군에 비해 D형이 유의하게 높았고, 대조군과 비교시 조기 발병군 에서 A형이 유의하게 낮았고 D형이 유의하게 높은 빈도를 보였다. 결 론: 본 연구를 통하여 저자들은 TH 유전자 첫 번째 intron내의 VNTR 다형성 좌위가 양극성 장애와 유전적 연관이 있음을 추정할 수 있었으며, 특히 대림유전자 A형과 D형이 양극성 장애와 관련된 유전자로서 작용할 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Objectives :Tyrosule hydroxylase(TH) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines, and could be a candidate gene for causing the bipolar disorders. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the association of the VNTR(variable number of tandem repeats) polymorphic locus in the first intron of the TH gene with bipolar disorders. Methods: We typed VNTR polymorphic region of the TH gene using PCR in 115 bipolar patients and 85 normal controls. Four types of alleles(A, B, C, D) were typed according to the difference of the repeat(TCAT)6-9 number. The frequencies of allele and genotype were compared between patients and normal controls, and in patients and normal controls allelic frequencies were compared respectively in terms of family history of affective disorders and age of onset. Results . 1) The allelic frequencies were significantly lower in type A, and significantly higher in type D in patient group compared to control. The genotype frequencies were significantly higher in type BD in patient group than in control group. 2) In comparing the allelic frequencies among patient group with and without family history and control group, there were no significant differences between groups with and without family history, whereas patient group with family history showed lower significance in type A and higher significance in type D compared to control group. 3) In comparing the allelic frequencies among patient groups with early onset and late onset and control group, patient group with early onset showed higher significance in type D than patient group with late onset and showed lower significance in type A and higher significance in type D compared to control group. Conclusions : The authors conclude that the VNTR polymorphic region of the TH gene might be associated with bipolar disorders, and type A and type D alleles might be susceptibility genes of bipolar disorder.

돼지 신장세포(PK15)의 이종이식 거부반응에 대한 재조합 IL-18의 영향

최연실,김은미,김영관,박상연,심정현,윤도영,강형식,명평근 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

Various cytokines including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, IFN-r, and TNF-α have been recently reported to play important roles in both host and donor cell activations during xenotransplantation. Interleukin (IL)-18, a proinflammatory cytokine, can induce IL-4 and IL-13 production in T cells, NK cells, B cells, mast cells, and basophils. IL-18 has the capacity to stimulate innate immunity and both Th1-and Th2- mediated responses, but little is known to involve in the xenograft rejection. In order to investigate the role of IL-18 in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the pig kidney (PK15) cells to C57BL/6 mouse with or without intraperitoneal injection of mouse recombinatant IL-18, It was analyzed the population of T cell, B cell and NK cell in the mice transplanted with PK 15 cells and recombinant IL-18 by flow cytometry. We found that splenic CD3+ T cells were increased in mice injected PKl5 cells with recombinant IL-18. These results suggest that recombinant IL-18 is critical in the xenograft rejection by increasing T cell population of the recipients.

종합병원 간호사의 직무스트레스와 근골격계 증상과의 관련성

김영실(Kim Young Sil1),박재용(Park Jae-Yong),박상연(Park Sang-Youn) 대한근관절건강학회 2009 근관절건강학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between job stress and work-related musculo-skeletal symptoms among nurses working in general hospitals. Method: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized. The participants were 438 nurses currently working in 4 general hospitals. Data were collected from Jan 2007 to Feb 2007, with Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS)-basic form, KOSHA code H-30 and a questionnaire for general characteristics. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, multiple logistic regression analyses were utilized. Result: Most participants (90.4%) complained of work-related musculo-skeletal symptoms. However, symptomatic nurses satisfying NIOSH screening criteria (symptomatic nurses) were 66.9% (293 persons). The most complained body part was back (39.5%). shoulder (37.7%), leg and foot (36.5%), wrist and hand (21.7%), neck (18.7%), and arm (9.8%). The mean of total score of occupational stress was 51.11. In multiple logistic regression analyses, age, working posture and total score of occupational stress showed significant associations with back symptoms. Exercise and total score of occupational stress were significantly related with shoulder symptoms. Hours of daily house keeping and working posture were related with leg and foot symptoms. Marital status and working posture were related with wrist and hand symptoms. Working posture only showed significant relations with neck symptom. Marital status, hours of daily house keeping, shift work, working posture, and total score of occupational stress were related with the symptoms in the arm. In conclusion, job stress of nurses might be related with work-related musculo-skeletal symptoms.

뇌졸중 환자의 감각인식훈련이 상지기능에 미치는 영향

김영실(Young Sil Kim),이영주(Young Joo Lee),김지윤(Jee Youn Kim) 한국인지운동치료협회 2012 한국신경인지재활치료학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Objective : It try to figure out the changes of activity of daily living(ADL) depending on the effect of Sensory-cognition-training on the stroke patient s upper limb function(ULF). Methods : This research had been carried out from 22nd of September to 12th of October, 2012 on 2 stoke patients by using multiple-baseline design. Treatment of patient 2 started in the middle of patient 1 s treatment session. Material of surface, pressure and distance were applied for the Sensory-cognition-training. MFT and MBI were used for Sensory-cognition-training on the stroke patent s ULF and to compare ADL for an objective evaluation. Cognitive therapeutic exercise (CTE) profile was used for the subjective evaluation. Results : For ULF, subject 1 s evaluation was improved by 4 points in the final evaluation, but the subject 2 had no changes. ADL of subject 1 improved by 4 points in the final evaluation compared to the primary result, and that of subject 2 improved by 3 points. Recovery of subject 2 was relatively smaller than that of subject 1 for CTE profile, but it can be known that both had improvements. Conclusion : This result showed that the Sensory-cognition-training on stroke through proprioception, tactile and pressure sense had positive effects on ULF and ADL.

음성언어 중심의 유아 언어교육 프로그램 적용 효과

윤진주(Youn Jin-Ju),김영실(Kim Young-Sil) 한국열린유아교육학회 2008 열린유아교육연구 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 음성언어 중심의 유아 언어교육 프로그램을 만 4세 유아에게 적용하여 유아의 표현언어 및 이해언어 능력과 언어 및 사고 능력에 미치는 효과를 검증하는데 있다. 연구대상은 전라북도 1시에 소재한 M 유치원의 만 4세 유아 40명이다. 연구자는 2학급을 선정하여 실험집단과 통제집단으로 임의 배정하였다. 실험집단 유아에게는 음성언어 중심의 언어교육활동이 13주 동안 39회 적용되었다. 자료분석은 표현언어 및 이해언어와 언어 및 사고 능력을 측정하기 위하여 사전-사후 증가분에 대한 독립표본 t-검증을 실시하였다. 적용결과 음성언어 중심의 유아 언어교육 프로그램은 유아의 음성언어 지식과 과정기술에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 즉, 음성언어의 지식 관련해서는 유아의 표현언어 및 이해언어 능력이 향상되었고 음성언어의 과정기술 관련해서는 지각적ㆍ분석적ㆍ종합적ㆍ추리적으로 사고하면서 듣고 말하는 능력이 향상되었다. The purpose of this study was to develop a spoken language-focused language education program for young children and find out its effects on young children's expression and comprehension capabilities as well as their language and thinking abilities. The subjects of this study were 40 children of age 4, who were enrolled in two classes at a kindergarten located in I city, Jeollabuk-do. One class was assigned to the experimental group and the other to the control group. For the children in the experimental group, the spoken language-focused language education program was for 13 weeks. Independent t-tests were administered for these children to evaluate their expression and comprehension capabilities as well as their language and thinking abilities. The spoken language-focused language education program brought about the following effects. The program produced positive effects in terms of knowledge and process regarding their spoken language skills. Specifically, there were improvements in the children's expression and comprehension as well as in their procedural skills needed for listening and speaking while thinking perceptively, analytically, synthetically and reasonably.

Developing Strategies to Address Ambulance Accidents Using the Korean In-Depth Accident Study Database

Hee Young Lee,Jeong Il Lee,Jung Hun Lee,Sil Sung,Chan Young Kang,Kang Hyun Lee,Young Han Youn 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 Crisisonomy Vol.13 No.1

최근 미국 응급의료서비스(Emergency Medicial Service, EMS) 체계에서의 응급차량관련 사망사고시 운전자의 74%가, 동승자의 82%에서 발생한다고 보고되었고, 이를 예방하기 위한 응급차량의 안전규칙과 인력교육에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 국내의 2013년 소방방재청 통계에서는 소방차량 운행사고 전체 68건 중 구급차가 38건(62%)으로 가장 많았고, 사고 원인은 신호위반(56%), 중앙선침범(13%), 차로위반(13%), 안전거리 미확보(13%), 과속(6%) 순으로 보고했으나, 국내에서는 아직 응급차량의 사고에 대한 심층 연구는 진행된 바가 없다. 본 연구는 KIDAS DB 내 응급차량사고의 원인과 특징을 분석하여 응급차량 운행에 대한 안전수칙을 제고하고, 운영방향을 제언하였다. 자료는 2012년부터 현재까지 강원도 지역에서 발생한 구급차 사고 2건을 심층 조사하였고, 사례는 2014년 7월 장마기간에 고속도로에서 발생한 장거리 이송환자 사건 1례(사망 1명, 중상 1명, 경상1명), 2014년 10월 긴급출동 중 발생한 사고 1례(경상 3명)였다. 본 연구에서는 실사고 구급차 사고조 사를 통해 선행 연구와의 비교 고찰 후 개선방안을 제언한 것에 의미가 있으며, 구급차 안전에 대한 교육, 훈련, 운영지침, 안전기준 등의 개선을 위한 지속적 연구가 필요하다. This study analyzed ambulance crashes in depth using two cases of ambulance crashes among accidents based on the KIDAS (Korean In-Depth Accident Study) database in order to suggest safety regulations for operating emergency vehicles. For each case, the vehicle damage patterns coded by CDC were analyzed along with the on-scene photos and the severity of each patient’s injury was evaluated by a trauma score. One case was the private ambulance crashed to the guard rail on a slippery expressway in a rainy day of July 2014, causing one death, one serious injury, and one slight injury among three occupants. Another case was the public ambulance crash which fell over on the right side due to signal violation in October 2014, causing only slight injuries among four occupants. By assessing the problems about ambulance operation in Korea through the analysis of ambulance crashes based on the KIDAS database and comparing with the previous studies, this study suggests a plan for improvement.

유아 교통안전 교육에서 토의 중심과 시범 중심 교수법이 유아의 교통안전 지식 및 실천에 미치는 효과

김영실(Kim Young-Sil),윤진주(Youn Jin-Ju),유수정(Yu Su-Jung) 한국열린유아교육학회 2009 열린유아교육연구 Vol.14 No.6

본 연구에서는 유아 교통안전 교육에서 토의 중심 교수법과 시범 중심 교수법이 만 5세 유아의 교통안전 지식 및 실천에 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 전라북도 I 시에 소재한 I 보육시설의 만 5세 2학급 유아 32명으로 연구자가 임의로 실험집단과 비교집단으로 배정하였다. 자료 분석은 연구문제에 따라서 각 집단별로 독립표본 t-검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 유아 교통안전 교육에서 토의 중심 교수법은 시범 중심 교수법보다 유아가 교통안전 지식을 형성하는데 더 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 유아 교통안전 교육에서 토의 중심 교수법은 시범 중심 교수법보다 유아가 교통안전을 실천하는데 더 효과적이었다. 이러한 결과는 교통안전 교육은 유아스스로 문제를 인식하고 해결책을 모색하는 과정을 통해 이루어질 때 더 효과적일 수 있음을 보여준다. 본 연구 결과는 유아 교사가 유아 교통안전 교육을 위해 유아의 특성과 교통안전 교육 내용의 특성을 고려하여 적절한 교수법을 선정ㆍ적용하는데 필요한 정보를 제공할 것이다. This study examined the effects of discussion and demonstration centered instruction methods of traffic safety education for young children with regard to gaining and implementing traffic safety knowledge. The subjects were 32 5-year-old children enrolled in two classes of a nursery school in I City in Jeollabuk-do (North Jeolla Province). They were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the comparison group. Data analysis was conducted through independent t-tests for each group depending on the research questions. The research results can be summed up as follows: First, the discussion-centered instruction method turned out to be more effective than the demonstration-centered method in helping the children gain traffic safety knowledge. Second, the discussion-centered instruction method turned out to be more effective than the demonstrationcentered method in helping the children put their traffic safety knowledge into practice. This outcome may provide useful information to preschool teachers when choosing an appropriate instruction method that incorporates the characteristics of young children and effective traffic safety education.