思考動詞「思う」の文型と意味~ヲ格名詞を伴う場合~

( Takahashi Miho ) 한국일어일문학회 2013 日語日文學硏究 Vol.86 No.1

副詞「たしかに」の二つの機能 -形容詞から副詞へ-

TAKAHASHI MIHO 한국일본언어문화학회 2020 일본언어문화 Vol.51 No.-

This paper focuses on the features of the Japanese adjective “tashika-da” and the differences between two types of adverb “tashika-ni”. The adjective “tashika-da” changes its form to “tashika-na” as an adnominal, “tashika-da” as a predicate, and “tashika-ni” and “tashika” as an adverb, according to the function used in the sentence. When acting as an adjective, “takashi-da/na” has the original and lexical meaning which means /sure, certain/. The adverb “tashika-ni”has two types of usage. The one is called adverb of manner and the other is modal adverb. An adverb of manner “tashika-ni” occurs in front of a verb phrase and describes an event of the sentence in more detail, maintaining its lexical meaning of “surely, certainly”. On the other hand, a modal adverb “tashika-ni” is placed in the beginning of the sentence modifying a speaker’s mood, whereas it loses the lexical meaning /surely, certainly/ and the function of agreement works stronger. And also, a modal adverb “tashika-ni”can be used as a one word, expressing speaker’s agreement on a listener’s judgement.

「と思う」の用法に関する記述的研究 -推量用法と記憶再生用法-

TAKAHASHI MIHO 한국일본언어문화학회 2019 일본언어문화 Vol.47 No.-

This paper aims at revealing the features of inferred usage of “to-omou”, and the differences between inferred usage and memory regeneration one. First, in the inferred usage we can find the syntagmatical relation between a sentence of premise and an inferred sentence. However, in the memory regeneration usage, we cannot find the syntagmatical relation anymore. Secondary, adverbs such as “tabun” and “kitto” are used in the inferred usage, but “tashika” is found in the memory regeneration usage more often. Thirdly, only past tense can be used in the memory regeneration usage, but all of the tense is used in the inferred one. However, the memory regeneration usage is closing to inferred one, when there is a syntagmatical relation, and is co-occurred with “tabun“ and present tense. So, sometimes it is not clear to distinguish the usage of the sentence from another one. .

現代日本語「っけ」文の構文的特徴-「スルっけ」が使用される場合-

TAKAHASHI MIHO 한국일본언어문화학회 2022 일본언어문화 Vol.58 No.-

This paper aims at revealing the features of the Japanese sentence-final particle “kke”, focusing on the grammatical and semantic features. “kke” co-occurs with noun predicate sentences which end with “dakke”, or with verbal predicate sentences which end with the past-tense of the verb such as “shita-kke”. “kke” has the usages such as exclamation, recollection, and question. And this paper has pointed out that the verb “suru-kke” can be used only when the event of the sentence has present tense and it has a question usage, although the previous researches says “suru-kke” should not be allowed to use.

後悔の「ノダッタ」に関する研究 - 想起用法との異同を中心に -

TAKAHASHI MIHO 일본어문학회 2023 일본어문학 Vol.100 No.-

本稿は会話文に見られる後悔を表わすノダッタ文を対象とし、その文法的特徴について考察を行なった。主な論点をまとめると次のようになる。 ①1人称主体で意志動詞の非過去形で表わされる。 ②「んだった/んじゃなかった」への形式化が進んでいる。 ③ノダッタの過去形「タ」は反レアルのムード用法である。 ④平叙文でのみ使用され、疑問文には使用されない。 また、会話文のノダッタ文には後悔の他に想起の用法もある。想起と後悔のノダッタ文は、「んだった」ヘの形式化が進んでいて、過去形「タ」がムードを表わす点は共通しているが、相違点も多く見られた。まず、ノダッタの「タ」の機能については、後悔用法は反レアル、想起用法は想起のムードとしてはたらいている。そして、文のタイプは後悔用法は平叙文、想起用法は平叙文と疑問文で使用される。この他にも、想起用法に比べて後悔用法は人称や、述語の品詞やテンス形式などに制限が多いこともわかった。

想起のノダッタに関する研究

miho takahashi 한국일본어교육학회 2022 日本語敎育 Vol.- No.101

本稿は想起のノダッタ文を研究対象とし、その文法的な意味と特徴について考察したものである。またノダッタの3つのバリエーションとシタ形の想起文との違いも扱っている。主な論点を整理すると次のようになる。まず一つ目は、ノダと関連して想起のノダッタはノダの説明の構造から離れ、ノダの説明という機能を失っている。想起の機能を持つノダッタは形態論的には「んだった」に形式化している。二つ目は想起のノダッタ文は、忘れていた記憶情報を発話現場で思い出して述べるもので、述語にノダッタを後接し、「そうだ/そういえば」「たしか」と共起することがある。三つめは、現在や未来のできごとを状態性述語で表したノダッタ文の場合、三つのバリエーションのどの形式を用いても意味的には変わらない。四つ目はノダッタは記憶情報を想起した時だけでなく、話し手が全く忘れていた記憶情報を発話現場の外的な要因で想起した時にも使用される。シタ形の想起文より、ノダッタ文の方が「忘れていた」という意味が強くあらわされる。

非典型的な引用の「~って。」文に関する研究 ~伝聞の「そうだ」との異同~

takahashi miho 한국일본어교육학회 2024 日本語敎育 Vol.- No.107

引用構文の1つである引用の「~って。」文はその文法的な特徴から、典型的な引用文「~って。」と非典型的な引用文「~って。」に分けられる。両者は発話主体の存在、引用動詞「言う」の復元可否、引用句の所与性、<場の二重性>の明瞭性などにおいて、異なる特徴が見られた。また、典型的な引用構文では「って」は引用助詞として機能しているが、非典型的な引用構文では「って」の機能が間接確認のムード(伝聞)を表わす文末形式に近い働きをしている。最後に、引用の「って」と伝聞の「そうだ」は置換えられることが多いが、発話主体が文中に明示されている場合や、発話主体の心的態度が表われた有標形式の文などが引用された場合には置換えにくいことがわかった。 One of the quotative constructions, the "~tte" form, can be categorized into typical quotative constructions and atypical quotative constructions, based on their grammatical characteristics. These two categories exhibit distinct features concerning the presence of the speaker, the restorability of the quotative verb "言う(say)," the givenness of the quoted phrase, and the clarity of the "dualism of field." In typical quotative constructions, "tte" functions as a quotative particle, while in atypical quotative constructions, "tte" functions more like the sentence-ending form indicating an indirect report (hearsay) mood. Finally, it was found that although the quotative "tte" and the hearsay "souda" are often interchangeable, it is difficult to replace them in cases where the speaker is explicitly mentioned in the sentence or when the quoted construction represents a marked form that conveys the speaker's mental attitude.

Photodynamically induced endothelial cell injury and neutrophil-like HL-60 adhesion

Takahashi, Miho,Nagao, Tomokazu,Matsuzaki, Kazuki,Nishimura, Toshihiko,Minamitani, Haruyuki Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality based on photochemical reaction and the resultant cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. The platelet thrombus formation leading to stasis observed in vivo during PDT is called vascular shut down (VSD) effect. To investigate the mechanism of the VSD effect, we observed Human Umblical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) injury induced by photochemical reaction. We observed cell retraction and blebbing after PDT. It seems that the injury was not fetal and only morphological change. Then, the cytoplasm was stained by Calcein-AM and subendothelial area was evaluated from fluorescence microscopy. The rate of subendothelial area after PDT increased significantly. Second, we investigated interaction between neutrophils and HUVEC. Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were differentiated into neutrophil by incubation with all-trans retinoic acid. Calcein-AM labeled neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC was evaluated from fluorescence microscopy. PDT-induced neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC depended more on the exposure of subendothlial area than on neutrophil activation. This result suggests that there is a certain interaction between neutrophil and HUVEC during PDT.

사고동사 “思う(생각하다)”의 의미와 문법기술 -인용구“~と”를 취하는 경우-

타카하시미호 ( Takahashi Miho ) 한국일어일문학회 2014 日語日文學硏究 Vol.89 No.1

본고는 인용구를 취하는 사고동사 “思う(생각하다)”의 의미기술과 문법기술 을 통하여 “思う”의 다의성과 문법적 특징을 고찰한다. 인용구의 내용에 따라 “思う”의 의미가 “希望する(희망하다)”, “決める(정하다)”, “感じる(느끼다)”, “判斷する(판단하다)”, “信じる(믿다)”등으로 바뀐다. 문법적으로 “思う”는 전 달적인 기능을 갖으며, 주어는 암시된 1인칭이라는 특징이 있는데다가, 모달리 티에 있어서는 화자외의 심적 태도와 과거의 심적 태도를 나타낼 수가 있다. 또 애스펙트적으로는 “思っている”와 “思っていた”가 무드적 의미를 나타내는 것으로 확인된다. 아울러 기존 논문에서는 연구를 하지 않았던 인용구의 자세한 고찰을 통해서 인용구와 의미와의 상관성을 볼 수 있었다. This study aims to examine the variety of the meaning and the grammatical characteristics of the verb "omou". Depending on the co-occurring quotative phrases, the verb "omou" means "hope", "decide", "feel", "judge", "believe", and so on. Grammatically, the verb "omou" has the communicative function, and the subject is usually the 1st person which is not appeared on the sentence. In addition, it is used to express the mental attitude of the 3rd persons and it has the special meanings in the word forms "omotte-iru/ita". The existing studies haven`t focused of the co-occurring quotative phrases, but this study found out that lexical meanings of the verb "omou" and the co-occurring quotative phrases intrinsically effect each other.

「と思う」의 용법에 관한 기술적연구 -동사술어문을 중심으로-

타카하시미호 ( Takahashi Miho ) 한국일어일문학회 2016 日語日文學硏究 Vol.99 No.1

본고는 동사술어문과 공기하는 「と思う」에 관해서, 문의 의미적 타입을 통해 의미기능을 고찰했다. 「と思う」와 공기하는 동사술어문에는 현실세계를 확인하는 방법에 따라 다음과 같은 5가지가 있다;①<화자가 직접 확인한 과거의 액츄얼한 일> ②<화자가 직접 확인하지 않은 과거나 현재의 액츄얼한 일>③<미래의 포텐셜한 일> ④<포텐셜한 특성인 능력> ⑤<가정조건문>. 지각(知覺)을 통해서 직접 확인할 수 있는 동사술어문은 「と思う」가 주로 추량용법으로 기능하지만 동사술어문의 타입에 따라 부사“タブン”와의 공기나 “ダロウ”와의 치환, 그리고 「と思う」의 의무성에 있어서는 각각 다른 모습을 보여줬다. <화자가 직접 확인하지 않은 과거나 현재의 액츄얼한 일>에 붙이는 「と思う」는 가장 전형적인 추량용법이라고 할 수 있지만, <포텐셜한 특성인 능력>의 「と思う」는 완곡표현에 가까운 기능을 가지고 있다. This study aims at revealing the sentence type and the function , which “to-omou“ is used, focused on verb predicate sentences. It is found out that there are five types of verb predicate sentences. The most typical inferential usage of “to-omou“ is the one which is used for the past and the present event which the speaker does not confirm directly. One the other hand, “to-omou“ which is used for potential ability is closer to euphemisms. Verb predicate sentence is used when a speaker confirm the event through his perception directly, so it is mostly used as an inferential usage, but it is also found out that there is non-inferential usage.