Arabidopsis thaliana as Bioindicator of Fungal VOCs in Indoor Air

( Samantha Lee ),( Richard Hung ),( Guohua Yin ),( Maren A. Klich ),( Casey Grimm ),( Joan W. Bennett ) 한국균학회 2016 Mycobiology Vol.44 No.3

In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of Arabidopsis thaliana to detect different mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the common indoor fungus, Aspergillus versicolor, and demonstrate the potential usage of the plant as a bioindicator to monitor fungal VOCs in indoor air. We evaluated the volatile production of Aspergillus versicolor strains SRRC 108 (NRRL 3449) and SRRC 2559 (ATCC 32662) grown on nutrient rich fungal medium, and grown under conditions to mimic the substrate encountered in the built environment where fungi would typically grow indoors (moist wallboard and ceiling tiles). Using headspace solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed VOC profiles of the two strains. The most abundant compound produced by both strains on all three media was 1-octen-3-ol. Strain SRRC 2559 made several terpenes not detected from strain SRRC 108. Using a split-plate bioassay, we grew Arabidopsis thaliana in a shared atmosphere with VOCs from the two strains of Aspergillus versicolor grown on yeast extract sucrose medium. The VOCs emitted by SRRC 2559 had an adverse impact on seed germination and plant growth. Chemical standards of individual VOCs from the Aspergillus versicolor mixture (2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-octen-3-ol, limonene, and β-farnesene), and β- caryophyllene were tested one by one in seed germination and vegetative plant growth assays. The most inhibitory compound to both seed germination and plant growth was 1-octen-3-ol. Our data suggest that Arabidopsis is a useful model for monitoring indoor air quality as it is sensitive to naturally emitted fungal volatile mixtures as well as to chemical standards of individual compounds, and it exhibits relatively quick concentration- and duration-dependent responses.

Control of Crosslinking Density to Tune Mechanical Properties of Reversible Epoxies

Samantha Lindholm,Gaeun Kim,Youngmin Lee 한국고분자학회 2022 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.47 No.1

Manganese sulfide formation via concomitant microbial manganese oxide and thiosulfate reduction

Lee, Ji‐,Hoon,Kennedy, David W.,Dohnalkova, Alice,Moore, Dean A.,Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy,Reed, Samantha B.,Fredrickson, James K. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Environmental microbiology Vol.13 No.12

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The dissimilatory metal‐reducing bacterium, <I>Shewanella oneidensis</I> MR‐1 produced γ‐MnS (rambergite) nanoparticles during the concurrent reduction of MnO<SUB>2</SUB> and thiosulfate coupled to H<SUB>2</SUB> oxidation. To investigate effect of direct microbial reduction of MnO<SUB>2</SUB> on MnS formation, two MR‐1 mutants defective in outer membrane <I>c</I>‐type cytochromes (Δ<I>mtrC</I>/Δ<I>omcA</I> and Δ<I>mtrC</I>/Δ<I>omcA</I>/Δ<I>mtrF</I>) were also used and it was determined that direct reduction of MnO<SUB>2</SUB> was dominant relative to chemical reduction by biogenic sulfide generated from thiosulfate reduction. Although bicarbonate was excluded from the medium, incubations of strain MR‐1 with lactate as the electron donor produced MnCO<SUB>3</SUB> (rhodochrosite) as well as MnS in nearly equivalent amounts as estimated by micro X‐ray diffraction (micro‐XRD) analysis. It was concluded that carbonate released from lactate metabolism promoted MnCO<SUB>3</SUB> formation and that Mn(II) mineralogy was strongly affected by carbonate ions even in the presence of abundant sulfide and weakly alkaline conditions expected to favour the precipitation of MnS. Formation of MnS, as determined by a combination of micro‐XRD, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and selected area electron diffraction analyses was consistent with equilibrium speciation modelling predictions. Biogenic manganese sulfide may be a manganese sink in the Mn biogeochemical cycle in select environments such as deep anoxic marine basins within the Baltic Sea.</P>

Relationship Between Sarcopenia and Albuminuria : The 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Kim, Tae Nyun,Lee, Eun Ju,Hong, Jae Won,Kim, Jung Min,Won, Jong Chul,Kim, Mi Kyung,Noh, Jung Hyun,Ko, Kyung Soo,Rhee, Byoung Doo,Kim, Dong-Jun,Martin., Samantha Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Studies have shown that albuminuria, obesity, and sarcopenia may share pathophysiological processes related to cardiovascular disease risk. Their direct relationships, however, have not been examined. This study investigated the association between albuminuria and sarcopenia in a representative fraction of the Korean population.</P><P>Of the 10,589 people who participated in the 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2158 participants aged over 19 years had been tested for albumin-to-creatinine ratio and for body composition data using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Albuminuria was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. Sarcopenia was defined as a skeletal muscle index (SMI) (SMI (%) = total appendicular skeletal muscle mass [kg]/weight [kg] × 100) of less than 1 standard deviation (SD) (grade 1) or 2 SD (grade 2) below the sex-specific mean for a younger reference group.</P><P>The prevalence of albuminuria was higher in those with grade 2 sarcopenia than in those with a normal SMI or grade 1 sarcopenia (33.3% versus 8.4% and 8.9%; <I>P</I> < 0.001). Conversely, grade 2 sarcopenia was also more prevalent in participants with albuminuria than in those with the upper tertile of normoalbuminuria. In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis showed the odds ratio for albuminuria risk in the grade 2 sarcopenia group was 2.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46–5.88), compared with normal SMI after adjusting for potential confounding factors, including the presence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Moreover, individuals with albuminuria had an odds ratio of 3.39 (95% [confidence interval], 1.38–8.37) for grade 2 sarcopenia compared with those in the lowest tertile of normoalbuminuria.</P><P>This is the first study to demonstrate that individuals with sarcopenia exhibited increased risk of albuminuria and vice versa.</P>

Investigating the Characteristics of Sit to Walk for Geriatric Residents of Assisted Living Facilities

( Taylor Braden ),( Madison Burtch ),( Samantha Mott ),( Alexandria Pyle ),( Lee Atkins ),( Heather Braden ) 대한신경치료학회 2021 신경치료 Vol.25 No.1

Purpose Assessing functional mobility is an important aspect of determining fall risk in the growing population of assisted living. Little is known about the sit-to-walk (STW) transition, especially what characteristics correlate with the duration it takes to perform a STW. Methods In this cross-sectional, exploratory study, 45 assisted living residents were evaluated for baseline measures: history of falls, assistive device (AD), lower-extremity strength, and balance (Tinetti POMA). The residents were then timed performing a STW, and, from these durations, were stratified into fast and slow groups. Statistical analysis was performed to determine relationships between the two duration groups and the baseline measures. Results Participants who had experienced a fall were significantly more likely to use an assistive device (p = 0.001). The use of an AD had a moderate negative correlation with composite strength (r = -0.428, p = 0.003). Duration of STW had a weak negative correlation with composite strength (r = -0.299, p = 0.046) and a moderate correlation with use of AD (r = 0.419, p = 0.004). Those with a faster duration of STW had significantly better balance (p = 0.027). Conclusion These correlations support the need for healthcare professionals to address the use of adaptive equipment and physical training when evaluating functional mobility in assisted living residents. Providing appropriate equipment and improving overall strength in these individuals can help reduce their risk of falls. Individuals in assisted living facilities can be assessed similar to other geriatric populations, with special consideration on functional tasks and measures.

철 화합물을 이용한 당 탈수소화 효소-혈당센서의 연구

최영봉,이정민,김세영,김혁한,Choi, Young-Bong,Lee, Jung-Min,Kim, Samantha Saeyoung,Kim, Hyug-Han 한국전기화학회 2014 한국전기화학회지 Vol.17 No.1

산화/환원 매개체는 혈당 센서의 구성에서 전극과 효소 반응의 전자 전달 매개체로서 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 산화/환원 매개체보다 전자 전달 반응이 용이하며, 높은 민감도를 위해 페레이트에 아닐린을 결합시켜, 1차 아민기를 갖는 $Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine를 합성하였다. 합성된 $Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine 는 순환 전압 전류 법과 분광학적 방법을 이용하여 합성 결과를 확인하였다. 합성된 물질과 포도당을 측정하기 위한 당 탈 수소 효소를 ITO 전극위에 고정시켜 효소전극을 제작하였고, 또한 신호 증폭을 위하여 금 나노 입자를 함께 고정시켰다. 금 나노 입자가 고정된 효소 전극은 그렇지 않은 전극에 비해 약 2배 가량의 전류 밀도가 증가함을 확인하였다. 만들어진 효소 전극에서 포도당의 농도 별 산화 촉매 전류를 순환 전압 전류 법으로 측정한 결과 0.4 V (vs. Ag/AgCl)에서 전기적 신호가 발생되었으며, 포도당 0~10 mM의 농도 범위에서 전기적 신호가 선형 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. Redox complexes to transport electrons from enzyme to electrodes are very important part in glucose sensor. Pentacyanoferrate-bound aniline ($Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine), was prepared as a potential redox mediator in a glucose dehydrogenase (GDH)-glucose sensor. The synthesized pyridyl-$NH_2$ to pentacyanoferrate was characterized by the electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. A amperometric enzyme-linked electrode was developed based on GDH, which catalyses the oxidation of glucose. Glucose was detected using GDH that was co-immobilized with an $Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine and gold nano-particles (AuNPs) on ITO electrodes. The $Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine and AuNPs immobilized onto ITO electrodes provided about a two times higher electrochemical response compared to that of a bare ITO electrode. As glucose was catalyzed by wired GDH, the electrical signal was monitored at 0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl by cyclic voltammetry. The anode currents was linearly increased in proportion to the glucose concentration over the 0~10 mM range.

A Comparison of Perceived Ethical Role Responsibilities between Military and Civilian Nurses in Korea

( Yoo Mi Jung ),( Hye Hyun Kim ),( Mi Jung Lee ),( Jeong Min Lee ),( Samantha Mei Che Pang ),( Myung Ja Kim ) 국군간호사관학교 군진간호연구소 2015 군진간호연구 Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare perception of ethical role responsibilities of Korean military and civilian nurses in order to understand their differences and similarities. Methods: The authors administered the 36 item K-RRQ. Asked to score each role responsibility on a 7-point scale by importance, and then, select the top five and rank them by priority, 310 nurses responded. From them, 282 data were used for analysis. Results: The two groups perceived the importance of role responsibilities differently in relation to "Society" (F= 5.48, p=.020), "Professional practice" (F= 4.50, p=.035), and "Patient" (F= 4.13, p=.043). Military nurses put "Be competent and make continuous effort to improve professional skills" in the first place while their civilian counterparts placed "Try hard to preserve the patient``s life" as first. As a whole, both of the samples ranked the role responsibilities in relationship with "Professional practice" first, and "Patient family" last. Conclusion: The two groups seem to have the same ethical orientation, and different perceptions of their role responsibilities. We attribute the former to their shared cultural values as Koreans, and the latter to the influence of their different organizations.