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Prem Bhattarai,Bishnu H. Paudel,Dilip Thakur,Balkrishna Bhattarai,Bijay Subedi,Rita Khadka 대한직업환경의학회 2018 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-
Background: Despite the successful adaptation to high altitude, some differences do occur due to long term exposure to the hypoxic environment. The effect of long term high altitude exposure on cardiac autonomic adjustment during basal and post-exercise recovery is less known. Thus we aimed to study the differences in basal cardiac autonomic adjustment and its response to exercise in highlanders and to compare it with lowlanders. Methods: The study was conducted on 29 healthy highlander males who were born and brought up at altitude of 3000 m and above from the sea level, their cardiac autonomic adjustment was compared with age, sex, physical activity and ethnicity-matched 29 healthy lowlanders using Heart Rate Variability (HRV) during rest and recovery from sub-maximal exercise (3 m step test). Intergroup comparison between the highlanders and lowlanders and intragroup comparison between the rest and the postexercise recovery conditions were done. Results: Resting heart rate and HRV during rest was comparable between the groups. However, heart rate recovery after 3 min step test was faster in highlanders (p 〈 0.05) along with significantly higher LF power and total power during the recovery phase. Intragroup comparison of highlanders showed higher SDNN (p 〈 0.05) and lower LF/HF ratio (p〈 0.05) during recovery phase compared to rest which was not significantly different in two phases in lowlanders. Further highlander showed complete recovery of RMSSD, NN50, pNN50 and HF power back to resting level within five minutes, whereas, these parameters failed to return back to resting level in lowlanders within the same time frame. Conclusion: Highlanders completely recovered back to their resting state within five minutes from cessation of step test with parasympathetic reactivation; however, recovery in lowlanders was delayed.
김영일,김종오,Roshan Pradhan,Bijay K. Paudel,최주연,임호택 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.12
In this study, the enteric-coated delayed-release pellets of duloxetine hydrochloride (DLX) were formulated using a fluidized bed coater. Three separate layers, the drug layer, the barrier layer, and the enteric layer, were coated onto inert core pellets. Among the three formulations (F1– F3), the dissolution profiles of formulation F2 were most similar to those of the marketed product, with similarity and difference factors of 83.99 and 3.77, respectively. In addition, pharmacokinetic parameters of AUC, Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, Kel, and MRT of DLX for the developed formulation (F2) did not differ significantly from those for the marketed product in beagle dogs, suggesting that they were bioequivalent. Our results demonstrated that the in vitro dissolution data resembled the in vivo performance of the drug. Therefore, this study has a positive scope for further scale up and development of the formulation for achievement of the generic product.
( Yong Il Kim ),( Roshan Pradhan ),( Bijay K Paudel ),( Ju Yeon Choi ),( Ho Taek Im ),( Jong Oh Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-
In this study, the enteric-coated delayed-release pellets of duloxetine hydrochloride (DLX) were formulated using a fluidized bed coater. Three separate layers, the drug layer, the barrier layer, and the enteric layer, were coated onto inert core pellets. Among the three formulations (FI-F3), the dissolution profiles of formulation F2 were most similar to those of the marketed product, with similarity and difference factors of 83.99 and 3.77, respectively. In addition, pharmacokinetic parameters of AUC, C<sub>max</sub>, T<sub>max</sub>, t<sub>1/2</sub>, K<sub>e1</sub> and MRT of DLX for the developed formulation (F2) did not differ significantly from those for the marketed product in beagle dogs, suggesting that they were bioe-quivalent. Our results demonstrated that the in vitro dis-solution data resembled the in vivo performance of the drug. Therefore, this study has a positive scope for further scale up and development of the formulation for achieve-ment of the generic product.