자기 구성과 역기능적 태도가 심리적 도움추구와 관련된 자기낙인에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Self Construal and Dysfunctional Attitude on Self Stigma Associated with Seeking Psychological Help

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to explore self-characteristics that influence self-stigma associated with seeking counseling. The role of self-construal and dysfunctional attitude in the process of self-stigmatization was examined, and whether the change in dysfunctional attitude increases the intention to seek counseling by reducing self-stigma was investigated. In Study 1, with the participation of 209 college students, the relationships among self-construal, dysfunctional attitude, and self-stigma were examined. It showed that a higher level of independent self-construal related to the lower level of self-stigma, whereas there was no significant correlation between relational self-construal and self-stigma. The result also showed that a higher level of dysfunctional attitude(autonomy, sociotropy) related to the higher level of self-stigma. It showed that self-stigma exerted negative influence on the intention to seek counseling. Study 2 explored the strategies for reducing self-stigma. For this purpose, the author developed two dysfunctional attitude treatment conditions, each of which was made to modify the dysfunctional belief in autonomous or sociotropic self and was then compared to the educational treatment with counseling benefits that did not directly handle self. Total 71 subjects participated in the experiment and self-stigma, dysfunctional attitude, and intentions to seek counseling were measured at three times(pre-treatment, post-treatment, and a week following the treatment). The result showed improvement for the three treatment groups after the treatment, whereas there was no difference among the treatment groups, and there was no interaction between time and the groups. However, when the correlation between the change in measurements for different groups was examined, treatments showed a differential tendency. Diminished dysfunctional attitude correlated with decreased self-stigma and decreased self-stigma correlated with increased intention to seek counseling for the two dysfunctional attitude treatment groups. Futhermore, the treatment effect of intention to seek counseling was lasted more on dysfunctional attitude treatment groups than on education group. Lastly, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed with suggestions for further research.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자기구성(독립, 관계), 역기능적 태도(성취, 의존)와 자기낙인의 관련성을 살펴보고, 역기능적 태도 처치가 상담이점 교육 처치에 비해 심리적 도움추구와 관련된 자기낙인을 줄이고 상담의도를 증가시키는지 탐색하였다. 연구 1에서는 일반 성인 209명을 대상으로 설문연구를 실시하여 자기구성, 역기능적 태도와 자기낙인의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 독립적 자기구성이 높을수록 자기낙인이 낮아지는 경향이 있었고, 역기능적 태도(성취, 의존) 수준이 높을수록 자기낙인이 높아지는 것으로 나타났지만, 관계적 자기구성과 자기낙인은 유의한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 성차를 분석한 결과, 낮은 독립적 자기구성 수준이 자기낙인에 미치는 영향력은 남성보다 여성이 더 높았고, 자기구성의 영향을 통제했을 때, 여성의 경우 성취, 의존 역기능적 태도 모두 자기낙인을 추가 설명한 반면, 남성의 경우 성취 역기능적 태도만이 추가설명력을 보였다. 연구 2에서는 유능, 관계적 자기와 관련된 역기능적 신념을 수정하기 위한 유능성, 관계성 역기능적 태도 처치 집단을 구성하여 상담이점 교육 처치와 비교하였다. 총 71명이 실험에 참여하였고, 사전, 사후, 추후(일주일 후) 시기에 자기낙인, 역기능적 태도, 상담의도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 세 처치 집단에서 시간에 따른 개선 효과가 나타났지만 처치 집단 간 차이, 시기와 집단 간 상호작용 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 집단별로 측정치 변화량 간의 상관을 살펴보면, 처치의 차별적 경향이 나타났다. 역기능적 태도 처치 두 집단(유능성, 관계성)은 역기능적 태도가 감소함에 따라 자기낙인도 감소하고, 자기낙인이 감소함에 따라 상담의도가 증가하는 경향을 보인 반면, 상담이점 교육 집단에서는 이러한 상관 패턴이 나타나지 않았다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

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