아동의 부모 분리개별화와 애착이 긍정 정서 및 부정 정서에 미치는 영향: 행동적 자율성의 매개효과 = The effect of parental separation-individuation and attachment on positive emotion and negative emotion: Focusing on the mediating effect of behavioral autonomy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effects of behavioral autonomy on the relationship between parental separation-individuation / attachment and positive emotion /negative emotion. For these, 211 children ages 12 ( 104 boys and 107 girls in 6th grade) were assessed on parental separation-individuation, parental attachment, behavioral autonomy, positive affect, happiness, depression, anxiety. Data were analysed through structure equational modeling. The results indicated that behavioral autonomy mediated fully the effect of separation-individuation on positive and negative emotion. But separation-individuation did not have direct effect on positive and negative emotion. In conclusion, although level of separation-individuation was higher, elevated the level of behavioral autonomy was related to children's satisfaction and happy feeling. Additionally stable attachment directly affected positive and negative emotion. And behavioral autonomy mediated fully the effect on attachment and positive and negative emotion. The limitation of this study were discussed with suggestion for future study.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 12세 아동을 대상으로 하여 부모와의 분리개별화가 긍정정서 및 부정정서에 미치는 영향에서 행동적 자율성의 매개효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 더불어 부모와의 애착경험이 긍정 및 부정 정서에 미치는 영향에서 행동자율성의 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 211명의 초등학교 6학년(남자, 104명, 여자, 107명) 아동 211명이였고, 애착, 분리개별화, 행동자율성, 긍정정서, 행복감, 우울, 불안과 관련된 척도를 실시하였다. 구조방정식 모형을 통해 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 분리개별화는 긍정정서와 부정정서에 직접 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 행동자율감을 통해서만 영향을 미치는 완전매개효과가 나타났다. 둘째, 애착은 긍정정서와 부정정서에 직접 영향을 미쳤으며, 행동자율감을 통해서만 영향을 미치는 완전매개효과가 지지되었다. 즉 아동이 부모와 분리개별화가 잘 이루어지더라도 자율적 행동이 많이 허용될 때 만족감이나 행복감을 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 애착관계가 안정적으로 이루어지는 것은 긍정적 정서를 높이고, 반대로 불안정 애착일 경우 우울이나 불안감이 증가되었다. 그리고 애착관계 역시 아동의 자율적 행동의 기회가 많아질수록 긍정 정서의 경험을 높이고, 부정 정서의 경험을 줄이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 제한점과 후속연구에 대해 논의하였다.

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