The housing market is known to have a unique seasonality expressed as 'the moving season', and school's semester schedule is mentioned as the main cause. However, it is difficult to interpret the seasonality of the housing market as the time when the ...
The housing market is known to have a unique seasonality expressed as 'the moving season', and school's semester schedule is mentioned as the main cause. However, it is difficult to interpret the seasonality of the housing market as the time when the demand for moving increases due to education is pointed out at different times for each study. Therefore, this study analyzed the seasonality of the housing market in various ways. In particular, the relationship between property holding tax and housing market seasonality was theoretically and empirically analyzed.
The main research results are as follows. First, through seasonality analysis of price changes and transaction volume changes in the apartment market, it was statistically confirmed that seasonality
occurred in a specific region and at a specific point in time. Both the sale price and the jeonse price were seasonal, but the phenomenon was statistically significant, centering on areas where many expensive apartments were concentrated, such as Seoul. On the other hand, the apartment transaction volume was confirmed to be seasonal in some indicators, but it could not be asserted that it is seasonal overall.
Second, a theoretical model was constructed for the seasonality of the apartment market in terms of the holding tax base date. According to the model, due to the transfer of the tax burden and the difference in bargaining power between the trading parties, it is traded at a low price before the tax base date and at a high price after the tax base date. In terms of transaction volume, transactions are expected to increase immediately after the tax base date due to the difference in expected surplus and bargaining power between sellers and buyers before and after the tax base date.
Third, an empirical analysis was conducted using actual transaction price data and market price data based on the market change model before and after the tax base date. As a result of the analysis, changes in price and transaction volume before and after the tax base date showed results consistent with the theoretical model. In particular, when the compre ensive real estate holding tax was strengthened, price fluctuations intensified before and after the tax base date, and apartments with an declared value of 900 million or more, which are subject to compre ensive real estate holding tax, were more affected. The above issues provide policy implications in the current situation where the reinforcement and relaxation of real estate tax policies are repeated.
Fourth, in terms of the rational expectation hypothesis, changes in the housing market before and after the holding tax base date were reasonable, but some irrational aspects were also confirmed. The price increase after the tax base date shows a larger figure than before the tax base date, but the transaction volume has nevertheless increased significantly. This was not the case, even though the transaction volume had to decrease if there was a price increase. This shows that the burden on the holding tax liability is even greater. In other words, it is judged that the buyer's loss avoidance sentiment worked. Overall, both rational and irrational appearances were observed among the parties to the home sale before and after the tax base date.
Fifth, by analyzing the actual transaction price data, it was possible to observe the negotiation process and the movement of the housing market between the parties to the sale of the house. The effective property holding tax rate is small compared to other tax items, so it is difficult to capture the impact on the housing market, but this study is differentiated in that it captures the microscopic movement and reveals market changes before and after the holding tax base date.
This study has some limitations in terms of actual transaction price data and analysis target. However, there are academic implications in the establishment of a theoretical model, and policy implications are
provided in terms of empirical analysis results and compre ensive real estate holding tax system.