Rapid economic growth has led to the concentration of population in cities and the concentration of urban functions. Underground development was essential to improve the efficiency of traffic utilization as the city became overcrowded and life became ...
Rapid economic growth has led to the concentration of population in cities and the concentration of urban functions. Underground development was essential to improve the efficiency of traffic utilization as the city became overcrowded and life became more complicated and faster with the increase of vehicles, and subway stations expanded the urban structure vertically and horizontally. At the same time that Korea's economy, culture and industry have developed, the subway has become an important means of transportation in our daily lives, starting with Line 1 in 1974. Subway stations are now becoming larger in size and more complex in structure, and the number of users is increasing. In the event of a disaster in a special space, such as a subway station, attention is required to whether the disaster response facility's physical and visual and social factors make it easy for users to recognize and easily.
Currently, Korean subway stations have somewhat disadvantageous requirements in terms of stability compared to the ground due to the difficulty of directional perception, lack of natural lighting, and the tightness of emergency space due to the nature of the underground space. Understanding the space of subway stations is responsive to the information in the surrounding environment, and because of the spatial characteristics of subway stations, people who use subway stations interfere with users' information awareness and the relatively limited provision of information from outside stations.In this way, it has the disadvantage of experiencing a lot of difficulties in the process of being aware of and acquiring information. By applying universal design of subway stations like this, we can solve problems with disaster response facilities that we face and utilize real space.
This study selected the scope of the study, focusing on subway spaces at five stations, such as Chongshin University Entrance Station (Isu) Station on Line 4 and 7, Hapjeong Station on Line 2 and Suin Bundang Line, Sunneung Station, Chungmuro Station on Line 3, and Yeouido Station on Line 5. Precedent research on subway stations and disaster response facilities will be investigated, existing laws and guidelines will be reviewed, and the applicability of universal design will be analyzed through physical, visual, and social components to derive problems and improvements based on the research results. Disaster response facilities at subway stations, which are limited in space, are somewhat inconsistent with the existing subway station environment, which is resistant to users and overlapping with other facilities, making it difficult to recognize information and mix of information with surrounding facilities and hindering users' movement. In addition, poor management of facilities and lack of composition are insufficient to clearly communicate information to users, and the size and design are very different, causing visual confusion to users. In addition, there are not enough elements that can easily recognize the facility even from a long distance, which prevents users from communicating with the facility. Disaster response facilities at subway stations located underground have a large floating population, so it is important to quickly identify and recognize information in complex subway stations, and inexperienced users should be able to easily receive information about the facilities. It also applies universal design to disaster response facilities to create a safe environment for subway stations, strengthens physical, visual, social, and spatial elements to enhance user accessibility, and standardizes different designs for each line, making it easier and easier for inexperienced users to use them.
Social underprivileged people, such as children, the elderly and wheelchair users, have less access to disaster response facilities than ordinary users, so in order to apply universal design to disaster response facilities for them, they need to plan and design from the user's perspective rather than focusing on aesthetic and functional factors. Based on functional supportability, acceptability, accessibility, and stability, the design is designed in consideration of disaster response facilities and universal design is applied to subway station users to ensure a safe environment.