아스퍼거장애 아동의 간접 화행 이해 특성에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Understanding of Indirect Speech Acts Considering Children with Asperger Disorder

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The research focuses on understanding the reaction of children with asperger disorder to indirect speech acts. To successfully achieve this purpose, two groups(one group of 20 children with asperger disorder and the other group of 20 children without) were tested with their ability to understand indirect speech acts. Both quantitative and qualitative research were done to understand the characteristics that the children with the disorder have. Quantitative research was done based on the comparison of the test results between the two groups, while qualitative research was done using the catechetical method. The result of the research is as follows: First, the children with asperger disorder had significant difference from the children without in understanding indirect speech acts. The difference was obvious in declarative sentence, interrogative sentence, propositional sentence, and imperative sentence all. Second, the children with asperger disorder showed three cases in understanding indirect speech acts: they interpreted the given sentence in literal sense without any information from context, or they did it with not enough information from context that their understanding was not united, or they interpreted with their own experiences regardless of the context. The implications of this research are as follows: The three cases in which these children showed misunderstanding in indirect speech acts can be explained by deficit of theory of mind, weak central coherence, and executive function deficit in order. Their problem in understanding indirect speech acts was caused not by their primary symptom from the disorder such as defective communication or lack of sociality, but by their flawed cognition.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 권성미, "한국어 초·중급 교재에 제시된 간접화행의 실현 양상 연구" 국제한국어교육학회 19 (19): 43-73, 2008

2 곽금주, "한국 웩슬러 아동 지능검사" 특수교육 2001

3 신동훈, "초등 과학 교육에서 두뇌 연구 방법의 고찰-fMRI 활용법을 중심으로-" 한국초등과학교육학회 26 (26): 49-62, 2007

4 서경희, "전반적 발달장애의 분류 및 진단상의 논쟁점" 8 (8): 159-177, 2001

5 김혜리, "자폐아동의 마음에 대한 이해" 14 (14): 15-35, 2001

6 박지혜, "아스퍼거증후군 아동의 이야기 자발적산출 및 회상산출 능력 비교" 한국언어청각임상학회 11 (11): 193-207, 2006

7 유은정, "아스퍼거 증후군 아동의 언어 및 행동특성" 3 : 137-147, 2001

8 하영례, "아스퍼거 장애아의 의사소통시 나타나는 이해특성 연구" 한국언어치료학회 12 (12): 207-225, 2003

9 서경희, "아스파거 증후군 : 인지적 결손을 중심으로" 8 (8): 83-103, 2001

10 안미경, "시각적 지원이 고기능 자폐성장애 아동의 화용론적 이해능력에 미치는 효과" 대구대학교 대학원 2008

11 이준희, "국어의 간접 화행에 관한 연구" 漢陽大學校 大學院 1999

12 박영민, "국어교육 연구에서의 FMRI의 활용 방안" 청람어문교육학회 (35) : 1-25, 2007

13 이은경, "과학 영재들의 문제해결과정에서 나타나는 탐구적 글쓰기 및 언어적 상호작용의 특성에 대한 사례 연구" 한국교원대학교 대학원 2010

14 서경희, "고기능 자폐장애 청소년과 아스퍼거장애 청소년의화용론적 특성: 질적·양적 연구" 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회 27 (27): 21-49, 2011

15 서경희, "고기능 자폐아와 아스퍼거 장애아의 마음 이론 결손과 중재" 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회 18 (18): 37-64, 2002

16 김두희, "고기능 자폐성장애 청소년의 대화행동 특성에 관한 질적 연구" 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회 25 (25): 205-231, 2009

17 정훈영, "감각 자극 양식에 따른 고기능 자폐아의 정서인식 특성" 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회 26 (26): 77-93, 2010

18 Rämä P., "Working memory of identification of emotional vocal expression : An fMRI study" 13 : 1090-1101, 2001

19 Swettenham, J. G., "What's inside someone's head? Conceiving of the mind as a camera helps children with autism acquire an alternative to a theory of mind" 1 (1): 73-88, 1996

20 Grice, H. P., "Utterer's Meaning and Intentions" 78 (78): 147-177, 1969

21 Howlin, P., "The diagnosis of autism and Asperger syndrome : finding from a survey of 770 families" 41 : 834-839, 1999

22 World Health Organization, "The International Classification of Diseases" World Health Organization 1992

23 Garnett M., "The Australian Scale for Asperger Syndrom" 1995

24 Amaro, E., "Study design in fMRI：Basic principles" 60 (60): 220-232, 2006

25 Searle J. R., "Speech acts: An essay in the philosophy of language" Cambridge University Press 1969

26 Leech, G., "Principles of Pragmatics" Longman 1983

27 Gazdar, G., "Pragmatics: Implicature, Presupposition and Logical Form" Academic Press 1979

28 Adams, C., "Practitioner Review: The assessment of language pragmatics" 43 (43): 973-987, 2002

29 Worf, B., "Language, thought, and reality: Selected writings" MIT Press 1956

30 Dennis, M., "Inferential language in high-function children with autism" 31 (31): 47-54, 2001

31 Austin, J. L., "How to do things with words" Oxford University Press 1962

32 Fraser, B., "Hedged performatives, In Syntax and semantics" Academic Press 44-68, 1975

33 Jackson, L., "Freaks, Geeks and Asperger Syndrome : A User Guide to Adolescence" Jessica Kingsley Publishers 2002

34 Semrud-Clikeman M., "Executive Functioning in Children with Asperger Syndrome, ADHD-Combined Type, ADHD-Predominately Inattentive Type, and Controls" 40 (40): 1017-1027, 2010

35 Baron-Cohen, S., "Does the autistic child have a 'theory of mind'?" 21 : 37-46, 1985

36 American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals of Mental Disorders" American Psychiatric Association 2000

37 Eisenmajer, R., "Comparison of clinical symptoms in autism and asperger's disorder" 35 (35): 1523-1531, 1996

38 Koyama T., "Cognitive and symptom profiles in Asperger's syndrome and high-functioning autism" 61 (61): 99-104, 2007

39 Ghaziuddin, M., "Brief report : Brief syntactic analysis in Asperger syndrome : A preliminary study" 30 (30): 67-70, 2000

40 Szatmari, P., "Asperger's syndrome and autism : Differences in behavior, cognition, and adaptive functioning" 34 (34): 1662-1671, 1995

41 Attwood, T., "Asperger's Syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals" Jessica Kingsley Publishers 1998

42 Baron-Cohen, S., "Another advanced test of theory of mind : Evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or asperger syndrome" 38 (38): 813-822, 1997

43 Happé, Francesca G. E., "An advanced test of theory of mind : Understanding of story characters' thoughts and feelings by able autistic, mentally handicapped, and normal children and adults" 24 (24): 129-154, 1994

44 Martin I., "An Exploration of Causes of Non-Literal Language Problems in Individuals with Asperger Syndrome" 34 (34): 311-328, 2004

45 Jolliffe, T., "A test of central coherence theory: linguistic processing in high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome is local coherence impaired?" 71 (71): 149-185, 1999

46 Kaland, N., "A new 'advanced' test of theory of mind : evidence from children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome" 43 (43): 517-528, 2002