시각적 지원이 고기능 자폐성장애 아동의 화용론적 이해능력에 미치는 효과 = (The) effects of visual supports on pragmatic comprehension intervention for high-functioning children with autism

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 시각적 지원이 두 명의 고기능 자폐성장애 아동의 화용론적 이해 능력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 화용론적 이해능력을 위한 중재는 관용어, 간접화행, 마음상태 동사의 세 가지 화용론적 언어를 중심으로 그림과 문자를 통한 시각적 지원을 제시하였다. 연구 대상은 지능지수 70이상인 자폐성장애는 남아 1명과 여아 1명이었다. 연구 설계로는 과제간 중다 기초선 설계를 사용하였고, 각 아동에 대하여 관용어, 간접화행, 마음상태 동사 순으로 기초선, 중재, 유지에 대한 자료를 수집하였다.
본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시각적 지원은 두 명의 고기능 자폐성 장애 아동의 화용론적 이해능력 향상에 효과적이었다. 그림과 문자를 통한 시각적 지원은 관용어, 간접화행, 마음상태 동사에 대한 이해능력을 짧은 기간 내에 높은 수준으로 증가시켰다. 둘째, 시각적 지원 중재를 통하여 향상된 고기능 자폐성장애 아동의 화용론적 이해능력은 유지되었다. 두 명의 고기능 자폐성장애 아동은 시각적 지원이 없이도 관용어, 간접화행, 마음상태 동사에 대한 향상된 이해능력을 유지하였다.
본 연구의 결과가 주는 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 관용어, 간접화행, 마음상태 동사와 같은 화용론적 언어를 이해하는 데 문제가 있는 고기능 자폐성장애 아동들에게 시각적 지원은 추상적인 개념을 구체화시켜줌으로써 맥락이나 상황에 따른 해석을 가능하게 해주는 효과적인 중재 전략이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 고기능 자폐성장애 아동들에게서 나타난 화용론적 이해능력의 유지효과는 시각적 지원이 일상생활 중심의 화용론적 언어를 지도하는 데 활용될 가능성이 있음을 시사해 준다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and maintenance of visual supports on comprehension of idioms, indirect speech acts and mental state verbs for high-functioning children with autism
Ten idioms, five indirect speech acts and ten mental state verbs frequently used in our daily life for successful communication were selected. One male child and one female child with high-functioning autism attending elementary school participated in this intervention program. During intervention two types of visual support were presented: pictures and cards with letters. Data about the idioms, indirect speech acts and mental state verbs were obtained using a multiple-probe design across three tasks.
The results of the study were as follows: First, Two of the children with high functioning autism showed significant improvement in comprehension of the idioms, indirect speech acts and mental state verbs. Second, They maintained the advanced comprehension abilities without any visual supports. This study shows that children with high-functioning autism are able to understand pragmatic expressions when provided visual supports, although they did not acquire them spontaneously.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 의의 = 1
• 2. 연구 문제 = 5
• 3. 용어의 정의 = 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 9
• 1. 고기능 자폐성장애의 정의 및 특성 = 9
• 2. 화용론의 특성과 실제 = 16
• 3. 고기능 자폐성장애 아동을 위한 화용론적 중재 전략 = 23
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 = 29
• 1. 연구 대상 = 29
• 2. 연구 도구 = 33
• 3. 연구 설계 = 40
• 4. 연구 절차 = 41
• 5. 중재 방법 = 43
• 6. 자료 처리 = 48
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 = 50
• 1. 화용론적 이해능력의 변화 = 50
• 2. 화용론적 이해능력의 유지 = 63
• Ⅴ. 논의 = 67
• 1. 방법에 대한 논의 = 67
• 2. 결과에 대한 논의 = 68
• ⅤI. 결론 및 제언 = 74
• 1. 결론 = 74
• 2. 제언 = 75
• 참고문헌 = 77
• 영문초록 = 89
• 부록 = 90
• I = 90
• II = 109
• III = 118
• IV = 134
• V = 137
• VI = 139
• VII = 142
• VIII = 143

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