This study organizes a drawing expression activity and a dramatization activity, utilizing personality-related fairy tales with 5-year-old children and aims to analyze the effects of the organized activities on the children’s pro-sociality and self-...
This study organizes a drawing expression activity and a dramatization activity, utilizing personality-related fairy tales with 5-year-old children and aims to analyze the effects of the organized activities on the children’s pro-sociality and self-esteem. For this purpose, the following research problems were selected.
Research question 1. What are the effects of the drawing expression activity and the dramatization activity utilizing personality-related fairy tales on the children’s pro-sociality?
Research question 2. What are the effects of the drawing expression activity and the dramatization activity utilizing personality-related fairy tales on the children’s self-esteem?
48 children in two classes of 5-year-old (Experimental group: 24 children, Control group: 24 children) were selected as research subjects. The average age of the children in the experimental group was 68 months old, while that of those in the control group was 69 months, and they were organized as the same groups.
To measure the children’s pro-sociality, this study used the tool for testing pro-sociality adapted and modified by Ji and Kim (2012) based on the “Social Skill Situation Measurement” developed by McGinnis and Goldstein (1990). In addition, to measure their self-esteem, this study used the young children’s self-esteem scale developed by Ji, Kim and Park (2003) and modified and supplemented by Ji and Kim (2010) based on the “Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children (PSPC)” developed by Harter and Pike (1984).
This study collected the documents and preceding studies related to the children’s personality education and conducted a comparative analysis to compose drawing expression activity and dramatization activity utilizing personality-related fairy tales. For the experimental group, the drawing expression activity was offered, and for the control group, the dramatization activity was offered. Prior to the experiment, a pre-test was conducted to check on the homogeneity between the groups. Experimental treatment was conducted three times a week for six weeks, a total of 16 times, from April 6 through May 16, 2017. After the experimental treatment, to verify the effects of the drawing expression activity and the dramatization activity on the children’s pro-sociality and self-esteem, a post-test was conducted. With the research data collected through the pre- and post-test, to analyze the difference between the groups, this study used statistical software SPSS 20.0, and to check if the difference in the score between the pre-test and the post-test would be significant, an independent samples t-test was conducted.
The results of this study are as follows.
First, it turned out that the drawing expression activity utilizing personality-related fairy tales had a more positive impact on the improvement of the children’s overall pro-sociality than the dramatization activity did. In the sub-factors of pro-sociality, including basic skills for the social life, the ability to establish a peer relationship, emotion regulation skills and the ability to manage stress, the children in the experimental group, who participated in the drawing expression activity had a significantly higher score than those in the control group, who participated in the dramatization activity. In the institutional adaptive capacity and non-aggressive coping capability, it was found that there were no significant differences between children in the experimental group and those in the control group, who participated in the dramatization activity.
Second, it turned out that the drawing expression activity utilizing personality-related fairy tales had a more positive impact on the improvement of the overall self-esteem of young children than the dramatization activity did. In the sub-factors of self-esteem, including cognitive self, social self, physical self, family-acceptance self and emotional self, the children in the experimental group, who participated in the drawing expression activity had a significantly higher score than those in the control group, who participated in the dramatization activity.