'Forest-experience-activity' is a sort of nature-friendly activity, which denotes a certain mode to be carried out in a mutually integrated situation of the forest and the class. This basic idea has been taken from 'Forest kindergartens' in Germany.
...
'Forest-experience-activity' is a sort of nature-friendly activity, which denotes a certain mode to be carried out in a mutually integrated situation of the forest and the class. This basic idea has been taken from 'Forest kindergartens' in Germany.
This study was planed to examine what influences the children's play-activity in the forest and their integrated activity related educationally in the class have upon the development of children's self-concept.
To systematically fulfil the pursuing aims in this dissertation, the following points are discussed as a subject matter
1. What influences has the forest-experience-activity upon the development of children's self-concept?
2. What are the transformed patterns of children's play presented in the process of forest-experience-activity and what are the changes of children's attitudes taking place in the process?
As an investigative specimen of this study, the 31 children, who were five years old, were respectively chosen from two kindergartens(A and D) in the province of Kyong-ju, Gyungsangbuk-do. They were designated as an experimental group and a control group respectively.
In order to systematically verify whether the forest-experience-activity affects the development of children's self-concept, 'Self-concept assessment tool', designed by Hyun-Kyung Lee (2004), had been used for pre-observation and post-observation as well.
For the experimental group, the forest-experience-activity was directed more than one hour, twice or three times in a week and the unit-based educational activity was assigned to the control group under the supervision of a relevant teacher. These intended activities for both groups had been kept for nine weeks.
For the sake of scrutinizing the influences that the forest-experience-activity has upon the development of children's self-concept, the different scores of two selected groups between pre-test and post-test were statically analyzed by means of t-test, specifically using SPSS program.
For the data verification of this study, the transformed patterns of children's play in the forest were carefully collected and their activities related in the class were scrutinizingly recorded as well. All the relevant procedures were also visualized in the form of videotapes and photographs.
As a result of this study, the following aspects are highlighted:
First, in the sense of achieving self-concept, the children of experimental group participated in the forest-experience-activity were presenting the higher average ratio than that of the other children who had not participated. The difference of scores between two groups (t=5.525, p<.001) statistically showed a significant value. It clearly points out that the forest-experience-activity has a very positive influence upon the development of children's self-concept.
Secondly, in synthetically evaluating not only the transformed patterns of children's play in the forest but also the changes of children's attitudes discovered in the process of forest-experience-activity, it was apparently noticed that the mere curiosity of children for the nature environment (insect, plant, tree, surroundings, etc.) had been changed into a form of nature assimilation in the quest of nature, and that such a trend had been further reached up to the heedful understanding of conservation of nature. The children's imagination, originality and consideration were also much improved in the process of treating the forest surroundings as playable objects like toys. The patterns of play were gradually changed from personal modes into the modes of group. Furthermore, in constructing modeling activities like 'an insect cabinet', they were developed as the modes performed in collaboration with all the children. During these processes of change, interrelation between the same age children was ideally kept and a sense of belonging and self-reliance was also established among them. The change of children's attitudes was specially presented as an effect to remove the negative emotions of one's own self towards other children.
The activities in the forest (such as climbing the slope of hills) had an effect on strengthening children's physical muscles, and they also helped to actively keep one's vital balance and ability to detach one's own self from unexpectedly confronted danger.
Within the class activities (such as investigation, presentation, discussion and representation) related integrated with forest-experience-activity, the children's interest and their spontaneous motive for participating were strongly intensified. Also the children's attention, concentration and expression were surprisingly improved.
The above mentioned results of this study confirm the fact that the forest-experience-activity has very positive influences upon the development of children's self-concept. Therefore, the application of the 'forest-experience-activity' can be a educational device to enhance the children's self-concept, and for the same reason, its effective value is highly expected in the field of children's education.