In environmental radiation survey, in-situ survey is a very effective way of evaluating the exposure rates and knowing the ambient gamma ray’s energy distributions of the site. In this radiation survey, portable scintillation detector, NaI(Tl) detec...
In environmental radiation survey, in-situ survey is a very effective way of evaluating the exposure rates and knowing the ambient gamma ray’s energy distributions of the site. In this radiation survey, portable scintillation detector, NaI(Tl) detector is mainly used. However, the NaI(Tl) detector has a low gamma-ray energy resolution, making it difficult to quantify the radioactive concentration of radioactive nuclides. It is not easy to calculate the peak area in the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the NaI(Tl) detector. In this study, we developed a method to calculate the peak area by comparing the in-situ spectrum of the NaI (Tl) detector with the radioactivity concentration of the soil. That is, peak areas of gamma rays emitted from 40K, 238U and 232Th series, which are the main nuclides constituting natural radiation, should be proportional to the radioactivity concentrations of the corresponding nuclides. Therefore, 1,764 keV and 2,614 keV gamma rays emitted from 214Pb and 208Tl, which are decay products of 238U and 232Th series, and gamma ray of 1,460 keV emitted from 40K, were used. The peak areas were calculated by fitting the peak data to the Gaussian function. The calculated peak area was compared with the area of the peak band, the radioactivity concentration of the radionuclide making the peak, and the contribution of the compton scattering by the other gamma rays. The peak area was calculated for the 2614 keV peak, which is less affected by other gamma rays than the 2614 keV gamma ray and the cosmic ray, and then the area of the 1764 keV peak including the 2614 keV compton scattering was calculated. Then, the area of the 1460 keV gamma ray was calculated. Using the peak areas calculated in this way, a numerical function was developed to evaluate the radioactivity concentration of each nuclide contained in the soil. Using this function in in-situ spectrum, the equivalent radioactive concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th were calculated and compared with each radioactive concentrations measured by HPGe detector, the differences were within ± 30%, ± 30% and ± 30%, respectively. These differences are not due to the peak area calculation method developed in this study but rather by the difference in the sample to be measured. In the in-situ radiation survey, all the radiations emitted from the surrounding soil and rocks were measured, whereas in the HPGe detector measurement, only the radiations emitted from soil particles less than 2 mm in size were measured. In this study, 2 "x 4" x 16" NaI (Tl) detector mounted at a vehicle’s loop was used and in-situ spectra were measured for 1,000 to 1,800 seconds. In this study, a method for evaluating the radioactive concentration of the soil from the gamma-ray energy spectrum of a 2"Φ x 2" LaBr3 scintillation detector was also developed in the same manner as for the NaI detector. The equivalent radioactive concentrations of 40K and 238U and 232Th evaluated by this method were within ± 30%, ± 40%, and ± 30%, respectively, compared with the radioactive concentrations measured with the HPGe detector.