This study intends to examine cadence types of melodies of Gwanak-Yeongsanhoesang in Gyeonggi- Samhyeonyukgak and the National Gugak Center and investigate differences in cadence melodies and their relation with division of a movement in two pieces. T...
This study intends to examine cadence types of melodies of Gwanak-Yeongsanhoesang in Gyeonggi- Samhyeonyukgak and the National Gugak Center and investigate differences in cadence melodies and their relation with division of a movement in two pieces. Through the research on cadence types of melodies, it considers changes of the music caused by those of the subject of transmission, which was originated from the tradition of Saeaksu(military musicians).
Firstly, In case of Gyeonggi-Samhyeonyukgak and the National Gugak Center Gwanak-Yeongsanhoesang, as for the cadence types of melodies, the most frequent one is the Perfect 4t ascending cadence of E♭– A♭, and such a melodic motion comes to be extended as it goes on so cadence types of melodies show diversified aspects.
As for Gyeonggi-Samhyeonyukgak, it may be summarized to ① E♭- A♭② E♭- A♭- G♭③ E♭- A♭- B♭- G♭④ E♭- A♭- B♭′- E♭ and as for the National Gugak Center it may be summarized to ① E♭- A♭② E♭- A♭- G♭③ E♭- A♭- G♭-E♭.
Secondly, following Samhyeon Dodeuri, both pieces show various kinds of cadence melodies and those that appeared more than twice were categorized into others.
Cadence melodies of Gyeonggi-Samhyeonyukgak include ① d♭- B♭- d♭– G♭, ② A♭- B♭, ③ C – F - B♭– E♭, ④ E♭– F - B♭– E♭and those of the National Gugak Center include ① B♭ – G♭, ② B♭- A♭- F / B♭- A♭ ③ F – B♭.
Thirdly, as a result of comparing cadence melodies of Gwanak-Yeongsanhoesang for Gyeonggi-Samhyeon and the National Gugak Center, it showed a variety of cadence melodies depending on kinds of the piece for Gyeonggi-Samhyeon and certain fixed or simple ones for the National Gugak Center.
Fourthly, in general a single piece has about two types of cadence melodies rather than only one. As a result of analyzing the relation between cadence melodies and division of a movement in both pieces, division was done based on certain cadence melodies in pieces except for Samhyeon Taryeong so there existed regularities between cadence type and division of a movement.
Fifthly, the study found out the characteristics of division of a movement in both pieces as follows.
ⅰ Gyeonggi-Samhyeon has more segmented division than that of the National Gugak Center.
ⅱ In Gyeonggi-Samhyeon, a melody that plays a role of Doljang is divided into a single movement.
ⅲ Compared to those of the National Gugak Center, Gyeonggi-Samhyeon Dodeuri has more frequent division of a movement and various cadence melodies by dividing high pitched melodies into intro melodies of the movement.
ⅳ The research identified that Byeolgok Taryeong of Gyeonggi-Samhyeon and Gunak of the National Gugak Center have criteria of division different to each other. While high pitched melodies act as intro melodies of the movement in Byeolgok Taryeong, they play a role of cadence melodies in Gunak.
As such, the paper researched and compared cadence melodies of Gwanak-Yeongsanhoesang for Gyeonggi-Samhyeonyukgak and the National Gugak Center. Hence, in both pieces, it could figure out changes of the cadence melodies and their relation with division of a movement. Such findings show a characteristic of oral tradition music and in terms of performance the diversity of versions means an advantage in enriching the music world.