The most important policy for housing supply in Korea for 30 years from the 1980s was the supply of large-scale housing site at the outskirts of a city based on Housing Development Promotion Law. It contributed to the quantitative security of housing...
The most important policy for housing supply in Korea for 30 years from the 1980s was the supply of large-scale housing site at the outskirts of a city based on Housing Development Promotion Law. It contributed to the quantitative security of housing demand with easy supply of insufficient housing site, construction of high-storied apartment houses and efficient and intensive planning of land use. But, such a policy has been criticized because it distorted cityscape, destroyed natural environment and increased traffic problems as it enclosed the existing downtown like fence, and extremely functional land use plan and lack of district unit plan prevented human-centered housing development, and Gwangju is not exception. Therefore, this study examined the appropriateness of land use plan and district unit plan with housing sites developed in Gwangju metropolitan city and as a result of examining area ratio, design structure, building location and use, the following results were obtained.
1. Housing site development project of Gwangju metropolitan city showed location type developed by surrounding downtown with 반위요형 except neighborhood of Mt. Mudeung and K type combining flathead type developed along the Yeongsan river. It is the result of developing natural green belt which is easy to develop large-scale housing site and future housing site development needs to consider urban space structure.
2. While the ratio of residential site was reduced with the land use plan of housing site development district for 20 years, public facility site tends to increase and in particular park and green belt area increased, but the ratio of road was relatively reduced. In addition, the detached house site was reduced, but the ratio of commercial site was within 5% and showed no great change. Such an increase of park and green belt was related to people's orientation and change of social trend, but the location of this site showed no qualitative growth as the increase of area.
3. Block structure(design structure) of commercial site within housing development project district showed road-centered composition (4 districts) along the main road and block-centered composition (3 districts), and of these, road-centered composition had three types of planar symmetry (2 districts), linear symmetry (1 district), linear + planar asymmetry (1 district). Internal road composing the block type showed a variety of 'ㄴ‘ type, ‘ㅡ’ type, ‘ㅡ’ +‘ㅐ’ mixed type, ‘ㄴ’ +ㅁ’ mixed type, ‘ㅡ’ +‘ㄴ’ +‘ㅐ’ mixed type and block structure of commercial site was profitable to make walking centered road composition attractive as shopping area.
4. Commercial site at housing development district was the focus of new downtown, but district unit plan guidelines including plot plan and use, arrangement and height of building and its exterior and roof style showed the limitation in making the image of an attractive commercial site. In particular, as the regulation of building use was not obvious, it caused confusion of street character. Accordingly, regulation and guidance of building use by street or floor (especially the 1st floor) with image making of height, roof style and exterior of the whole buildings at commercial site are required.
5. Decentralized arrangement of public parking lot within commercial site and permission of parking lot by individual lot prevented commercial site from being walking centered street and became the cause of illegal parking. So commercial site should be changed into group parking style which guarantees pedestrian convenience escaping from decentralized arrangement of public parking lot or permission of individual parking within the block to be the stage of pedestrian-centered community.