The industrial policy may be defined as 'all activities of the government to intervene in the productive activities of the industries and thereby, affect the distribution of resources in the markets'. Specifically, the government may intervene directl...
The industrial policy may be defined as 'all activities of the government to intervene in the productive activities of the industries and thereby, affect the distribution of resources in the markets'. Specifically, the government may intervene directly in the markets through custom, financing and tax incentives to distribute the resources to be conducive to nation's economic growth and international competition, while being engaged in production and investment of certain industries through regulations and coordinations. Since 1960's, our industrial policies may well have been dictated by industrial restructuring or specialization of businesses or by government's direct engagement in the markets.
However, by 1990's when the global trade environment began to change rapidly, the international capital transfers would be freer, inducing diverse types of foreign direct or indirect investments. Thus, the conventional industrial strategies should be changed in order to survive in the fierce competition among nations.
Meanwhile, our industrial polices may have been characterized by government's direct involvement in nation's economy to promote certain industries, custom incentives for machineries and raw materials imported, special depreciation system and corporate tax incentives for machineries and equipments, such financial incentives as long-term low-interest loans for exports, deregulations and supports to R&D efforts.
On the other hand, the government played an important role in 'working out' the declining industries and 'restructuring' their businesses.
In Korea, the industrial complexes or the mecca for our industrial polices has played a considerable role in launching Korea as important economy in the international community. This study sampled Seoul Digital Industrial Complex to review changes of our industrial complexes.
Meanwhile, our urban areas were divided into industrial and residential zones. Later as small-scale factories and houses were built more, land uses began to be mixed only to deteriorate our urban environment. In oder to coordinate such an unreasonable basic city plan and enhance efficiency of land uses and promote a balanced inter-regional development and thereby, enhance the potential of the regional development, the researcher reviewed Seoul Digital Industry Complex or the former Guro Industrial Complex, a myth of our economic growth, and thereby, explored the ways to grow our nation's economy further.
To this end, the researcher reviewed the relevant literature and thereupon, checked the current industrial policies, while referring to the statistics and tables from preceding studies, focusing on our industrial policies since 1990's. Seoul Digital Industrial Complex was sampled for this study, because it was deemed to change itself most dynamically among our 35 industrial complexes throughout the nations.
This study consists of 6 chapters. The first chapter introduces purpose, methods and scope of study. The second chapter reviews the industrial policies theoretically. The third chapter examines the national industrial complexes and their theoretical frameworks. The fourth chapter addresses conditions and problems of Seoul Digital Industrial Complex. The fifth chapter suggests the ways to promote the complex and the sixth chapter concludes the study.