In contemporary society, mental workload also referred to as stress has evolved into a ubiquitous issue affecting individuals across various domains of life, requiring precise identification and practical solutions. Recent technological advancements a...
In contemporary society, mental workload also referred to as stress has evolved into a ubiquitous issue affecting individuals across various domains of life, requiring precise identification and practical solutions. Recent technological advancements and data analytics have opened avenues for innovative approaches to stress detection, with a notable focus on utilizing physiological signals such as Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Photoplethysmography (PPG). Furthermore, monitoring mental workload (MW) has emerged as a critical necessity in numerous contexts, including safety measures and smart technology applications like driver awareness and Brain-Computer Interfacing (BCI). MW assessment offers insights into operator processing capabilities and subjective psychological experiences, crucial for minimizing errors and preventing "overload" conditions. Physiological signals, including ECG and PPG serve as valuable indicators for MW assessment. Most prior studies have focused on identifying stress via physiological signals. Several studies have used multiple physiological signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), galvanic skin response (GSR), electromyogram (EMG), and arterial blood pressure (ABP) to identify stress, either in binary form (stress/no stress) or across multiple levels (e.g., low, moderate, and high). The low cost of sensors has permitted the development of commercial wearable devices that monitor and record a variety of physiological signals, including photoplethysmography (PPG), and electrocardiography (ECG). The MAUS database makes a significant contribution to meeting the demand for reliable datasets for MW evaluation. This dataset comprises various physiological signals, including single-lead ECG, GSR, fingertip PPG, and wristband PPG, collected under varying MW conditions induced through the Nback task. The N-back task provides a reliable, objective reference for MW assessment, with stimuli intensity correlating to MW levels. In our study, we have utilized ECG and PPG signals due to their established role as reliable physiological stress indicators. Integrating physiological signal processing technique, known as Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for feature extraction, further enhances the understanding of stress responses. EMD facilitates extracting relevant features corresponding to stress-related components, enabling a comprehensive characterization of physiological responses. Machine learning classifiers and CNN use dataset to accurately distinguish between stress and non-stress conditions, allowing real-time monitoring and intervention. To improve the interpretability of stress detection algorithms, Shapley Additive explanations (SHAP) analysis provides insights into the contribution of individual features, enabling actionable insights from underlying physiological data. We opted for these signals for their ability to offer a comprehensive understanding of stress-related physiological changes.