시·도 교육위원회의 조직 및 기능 강화에 관한 연구 = (A) study on the organizations and functions of the city and provincial boards of education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

I. The Backgrounds and Objective of the Study
It is generally understood that autonomous government organization and administration are key to democracy. The Korean Government is organized to meet the principles of local autonomy and democracy. The autonomy of local education has been long in its history in Korea. It has been developed amid heated debates over the centralized or decentralized educational organization and administration, but the current Local Education Act was enacted in 1991.
Under the Act, there are no district or town boards of education. Instead, the cityand provincial board of education is established in each of the special cities and provinces, and each board has autonomous power to control over local education to large extent within its jurisdiction. The board members are elected by certain electors, composed of community, teachers, and parent representatives. But, a problem is that the power of the board is overlapped to some extent with that of general board of each city and province.
The general board is also an autonomous body, and it has power to control over local governments dealing with local affairs. But some of the overlapping power over local education between the two different boards sometimes causes confusions and conflicts.
Therefore, this study was designed to examine the current Act, investigate some problems involved in the organizations and functions of the city and provincial boards of education, and find some desirable suggestions and recommendations for better organizations and functions of the boards.
II. The Research Problems
This study dealt with the following research problems:
1. How are the city and provincial boards of education organized and functioned under the current Local Education Act?
What are the problems and issues involved in the organizations and functions of the boards?
2. What are the opinions and perceptions of the board members and staff, parents, community leaders, and teachers?
3. What are recommendable ideas that can be obtained from the review of the organizations and functions of the boards of education in advanced countries?
4. What are desirable ways and strategies to strengthen the organizations and functions of the nation's boards of education?
III. The Method of the Study
This study used two research methods: a review of the related literature and an in-depth interview. For the literature review, the related books, government publications and laws, and research papers were collected and analyzed. An in-depth interview was conducted with a total of nine persons in the Seoul area: two board members, one board of education staff, two teachers, two parents, and two community leaders.
The contents of the interview were certain problems and issues involved in the current organizations and functions of the boards of education. The detailed problems and issues concerning the organizations were a single or dual control system of local education, the election system of the board members, and the qualification and numbers of the board members. The issues concerning the functions included the scope of decision making power of the board of education, degree of the boards' autonomous power to enact for local education, and citizen's petition for inspections on local education and art affairs.
IV. The Conclusions and Recommendations
After an in-depth interview, the following conclusions and recommendation were made:
1. A majority of interviewees expressed that since there is a dual control over local education between both the boards of education and the general board of local government affairs, there have been some conflicts between the two different boards. It was, therefore, recommended that the article 8-1 of the Act should be revised to enable only the boards of education to exercise control over local education. They thought that by doing so, the boards would remain a single independent body with autonomous power and education a professiona lism, and would be completely independent of the general boards.
2. The study found that due to the dual inspection system between the boards by education and the general board, there were some important problems involved in the dual inspection system. As a result, most of the interviewees hoped that the current inspection system should be changed to avoid overlapping inspections by the two different types of the boards over local education, and that only the boards of education alone would be able to have the inspecting power.
3. Under the current Act, to become a board of education member, he/she should have more than ten years of experiences in educational administration. But most of the interviewees expressed that ten years of the experiences should be reduced to eight years, and that the possession of a doctor's degree and certain years of research experiences should be added to the current qualification requirements.
4. The educational board members are elected by members of the school management committee, composed of representatives of teachers, parents, and community. But many interviewees expressed opposing opinions about the teachers' electing their board members, because the teachers might bring certain educational issues into political ones and that they might be motivated to be political-oriented instead of education-focused. Therefore, the current election system of the board members should be changed, so that local citizens could participate directly in the election.
5. There were some problems in the current dual control system of the boards of education and the general boards. It was recommended that a policy should be designed to maintain mutual cooperation for local education between the two different types of the boards.
6. Since this study was limited to the Seoul area, a follow-up study should be done to conduct a nationwide questionnaire survey and interview to seek more comprehensive data and ideas for the improvements of the organizations and functions of the boards of education.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 및 문제 = 2
• 3. 연구의 방법 = 3
• 4. 연구의 제한점 = 5
• Ⅱ. 지방교육자치와 시·도교육위원회제도 = 6
• 1. 지방교육자치제도의 의의 = 6
• 2. 지방교육자치제도의 변천 = 10
• 3. 현행 교육위원회 제도 = 19
• 4. 선행연구의 고찰 = 39
• Ⅲ. 조사 결과 = 42
• 1. 교육위원회의 조직에 관한 조사 결과 = 42
• 2. 교육위원회의 기능에 관한 조사 결과 = 50
• Ⅳ. 요약, 결론 및 제언 = 62
• 1. 요약 = 62
• 2. 결론 = 66
• 3. 제언 = 68
• 참고문헌 = 69
• ABSTRACT = 71