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User-Oriented Energy- and Spectral- Efficiency Tradeoff for Wireless Networks
( Yueying Zhang ),( Hang Long ),( Yuexing Peng ),( Kan Zheng ),( Wenbo Wang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.7 No.2
Conventional optimization designs of wireless networks mainly focus on spectral efficiency (SE) as a performance metric. However, as diverse media services are emerging, a green wireless network, which not only meets the quality of experience (QoE) requirements for users and also improves energy efficiency (EE), is the most appropriate solution. In this paper, we firstly propose the unit QoE per Watt, which is termed QoE efficiency (QEE), as a user-oriented metric to evaluate EE for wireless networks. We then analyze which is the kind of wireless resource given priority to use under different scenarios to obtain an acceptable QEE. Particularly, power, delay and data-rate related to QoE are separately addressed for several typical services, such as file download, video stream and web browsing services. Next, the fundamental tradeoffs are investigated between QEE and SE for wireless networks. Our analytical results are helpful for network design and optimization to strike a good balance between the users perceived QoE and energy consumption.
Lijian Shen,Chenglin Liu,Jian-xin Zhao,Yuexing Feng,Licheng Wang 한국지질과학협의회 2021 Geosciences Journal Vol.25 No.5
Two types of potash ores were sampled from the Mengyejing potash deposit (the MPD) which is the only ancient potash deposit ever found in China. Geochemical analyses, including Br, K, Mg and some heavy metals, were performed on those samples. The relatively consistent Br contents (141.42 to 763.67 ppm) in both bedded potash and veined potash ores show that the potashforming brine was likely derived from seawater. K contents and Br/Cl ratios of the veined potash ores are relatively high in contrast to bedded potash ores. The K/Br ratios of veined potash ores exhibit a positive correlation with Br contents, which is opposite to that of the bedded potash ore of the MPD and potassium-salts from the evaporation of modern seawater. The contents of heavy metals in veined potash ores are much higher than those of bedded potash ores in the MPD and potash in other evaporite basins of the world. Sr and S isotopic compositions of these two types of potash ores suggest that the brines for precipitating veined potash were formed by mixing of connate waters (seawater or/and continental freshwater) and hydrothermal fluids. The geochemical and petrological characteristics of the veined potash ores indicate that the brine for forming veined potash orebodies caused by dissolution of previous bedded potash orebodies by hydrothermal fluids. The veined potash orebodies were formed through a cooling process by which sylvite precipitated first prior to halite.
Jie Zhou,Zhengchao Tan,Linwei CaoLingze Meng,Yuexing Wang 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.5
In the present research, the effects of normal mean stress acting on fatigue evolution are considered well in critical plane multiaxial models, whereas shear mean stress effects have rarely attracted attention. These models may result in nonconservative predictions under asymmetric loadings with substantial shear mean stress. Therefore, an improved critical energy model is introduced to solve multiaxial fatigue issues on the basis of the Fatemi-Socie model and the Walker model, which consider normal mean effect, shear mean stress effect, and additional hardening effect. Moreover, experimental data from GH4169, wrought Ti-6Al-4V, and TC4 are employed to validate the proposed model. Results show that the proposed model can reasonably predict fatigue life under various loadings, particularly for asymmetric loadings.