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Yushan Ren,Miao Lin,Yuanqin Min,Xiao-Lian Zhang 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
N-linked glycosylation of viral proteins have been implicated in shielding antigen epitopes and blocking neutralizing antibodies production and contribute to the evasion of HCV from the host immune response. In this study, the effects of N-linked glycosylation of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope E1 and E2 proteins, the naturally poor immunogens, on the induction of specific immune response were examined. We constructed plasmids containing the genes encoding both wild type E1E2 proteins and mutated E1E2 proteins in which N-linked glycosylation sites are mutated individually or in combination by site-directed mutagenesis or coupled with CpG, a TLR9 ligand. The immunoreactivity of wild type E1E2 and mutated E1E2 proteins or coupled with immune activator CpG was analyzed in BALB/C mice using a DNA-based vaccination approach. We found that E1E2 specific N-glycosylated mutant induced much higher IgG titer than wild type (WT) E1E2. E1E2 mutant vaccinated mice developed a mixture of IgG1 and IgG2a, but CpG-E1E2 mutant and E1-E2 wild type dominantly developed IgG2a isotype. And CpG-E1E2 mutant significantly stimulated Th1-type response and specific CD8+T cells cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activities. More important we found that CpG-E1E2 mutant significantly induced much higher neutalizing antibody than E1-E2-WT and had the highest level of neutralizing antibodies among all groups. The monoclonal clonal antibody (McAb) were prepared from CpG-E1E2 mutant immunized mice and the main neutralizing McAb 1C2 had significantly neutralizing Ab activity with blocking HCVcc infection in Huh7.5.1 cells in vitro. Epitope mapping of binding of a neutralizing McAb 1C2 was also analyzed. Our data indicate that the presence of glycans at the surface of HCV envelope proteins could help explain how HCV evades the humoral immune response and why most HCV infections lead to chronicity. CpG have the ability to augment both neutralizing antibody and cellular responses of E1E2 mutant. The CpG-E1E2 mutant holds potential applicant for the development of therapeutic vaccine with enhanced cellular and neutralizing immune responses.
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Advertising and Ownership Structures: Evidence from the Emerging Chinese Market
김민중,Leslie S.C. Yip,Yuanqin Li,김용희 Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2015 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.1 No.1
With fast economic growth and urbanization of the country, the size of the domestic consumer market of China is getting larger. To attract and satisfy the emerging new customers in China, local and multinational firms face the challenge of innovating their products and communicating their value with the customers. Hence, R&D and marketing functions in the Chinese firms have become more important for their sustainable growth. In this paper, we focus on advertising expenditures spent by publicly listed Chinese firms and examine key determinants of advertising spending by the Chinese firms. By manually reading annual reports from the public firms each year between 2004 and 2008, we obtained the data for firm-level advertising expenditures. We then propose the firm’s ownership structure as an important driver of advertising spending in China. Specifically, we measure the ownership by 1) government, 2) institutions, and 3) management using financial statement data, and we find that institutional ownership is positively associated with adverting expenditures. With the findings, we provide several implications to managers, especially managers conducting their business in an emerging Asian market like China.
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Research On Mobile Medical Integration System for Children
Zhou Lianru,Jiao Xiongfei,Liu Lijun,Li yuanqin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.12
In view of the valuable medical resources at home and abroad, especially considering the fact that children's medical resources can't meet the needs, the author designed the mobile medical integration system with the help of mobile Internet platform and cloud computing platform. The system is divided into two parts of the mobile terminal and cloud computing platform, which are used respectively by the guardian and the doctor. The health monitoring terminal designed for children are wearable watches whileAPP is developed for the guardian and the doctors. Cloud platform designed a platform for data storage, message processing, functional applications and other modules, forming a “cloud+client” service model. This system makes the children's disease prevention, emergency treatment and medical treatment behavior become more convenient and fast, protects the healthy growth of children, provides reference and solution for the future development of medical care.
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Qi-Hua You,Jinhai Shen,Ganping Shen,Liyun Peng,Yuanqin Lu,Qi Fu,Yuqing Xu,Lei Zhang 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.3
Here, we report a highly water-soluble colorimetric and fluorescent pH probe that works in the pH range 0.2–3.0. The probe showed a rapid response, high stability, and excellent reversibility to acidity. Moreover, the fluorescence of probe was not influenced by the existence of high concentration of cations. The pKa of probe was calculated to be 2.25 ± 0.06. Furthermore, the pH test papers coated with the probe exhibited a distinct color change in acidic conditions.
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