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Lee, Kil-Soo,Dubey, Vinod S.,Kolattukudy, Pappachan E.,Song, Chang-Hwa,Shin, A-Rum,Jung, Saet-Byel,Yang, Chul-Su,Kim, Su-Young,Jo, Eun-Kyeong,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Kim, Hwa-Jung Published by Elsevier/North Holland on behalf of t 2007 FEMS microbiology letters Vol.267 No.1
<P>The lipids located in the outer layer of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which include sulfolipid, phthiocerol dimycocerosate (PDIM), diacyltrehalose, and polyacyltrehalose, may play a role in host-pathogen interactions. These lipids were purified using thin-layer chromatography, and their ability to induce proinflammatory cytokines in human monocytes and in a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) was examined. None of the lipids tested induced significant interleukin (IL)-12p40 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production in monocytic cells. Diacyltrehalose significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide- and M. tuberculosis-induced IL-12p40, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 productions in human monocytes, whereas other lipids had no effect. However, diacyltrehalose was unable to inhibit peptidoglycan-induced IL-12p40 production. These results suggest that diacyltrehalose is a mycobacterial factor capable of modulating host immune responses.</P>
대기전력 상태시 Sub Watt 이하 Green SMPS 개발
최영길(Young-Kil CHOI),강경수(Kyeng-Soo KANG),김찬(C.KIM),전의석(E.S.JEON),Dong-Ho CHOI 전력전자학회 2006 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Owing to the increasing number of intelligent homes(or called Smart home), the corresponding cost is much higher ; Installing expense, Network service fee, Electric rate, etc. Especially among them, the expense of electric rate costs us a great deal of trouble to bear gradually as the intelligent home network system become more manifold by its connecting various home appliances, after all spending the electric energy to no purpose, becasue of the long time of standby. Therefore, this paper makes a description of the design on the intelligent green SMPS for a home appliances saving power energy.
Regional Heterogeneity of Morphological Changes in Cultured Rat Astrocytes
Chung-Kil Won,Young S. Oh 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.5 No.6
<P> We examined astrocyte regional heterogeneity in their morphological changes in response to various stimuli. Astrocytes were cultured from six different neonatal rat brain regions including cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, mid brain, brain stem and hypothalamus. Astrocyte stellation was induced by serum deprivation and the maximum stellation in different regional astrocytes was achieved after 2 h. After 24 h, in all astrocyte cultures, the level of stellation returned to their original level. Cerebellar or hypothalamic astrocytes were the most or the least sensitive, respectively, to serum deprivation. The order of maximum sensitivity to serum deprivation among different regional astrocytes was: cerebellum>mid brain≥hippocampus, brain stem≥cerebral cortex>hypothalamus. Isoproterenol-induced astrocyte stellation was also examined in different regional astrocytes, and similar order of maximum sensitivity as in serum deprivation was observed. Next a possible developmental effect on astrocyte morphological changes was examined in cerebral cortex and cerebellum astrocytes cultured from postnatal day 1 (P1), P4 and P7 rat brains. A much higher sensitivity of cerebellum astrocytes to serum deprivation as well as isoproterenol treatment was consistently observed in P1, P4 and P7-derived astrocytes compared to cerebral cortex astrocytes. The present study demonstrates different regional astrocytes maintain different levels of morphological plasticity <I>in vitro</I>.
정후길 ( Hoo Kil Jung ),최하늘 ( Ha Nuel Choi ),오현희 ( Hyun Hee Oh ),허창기 ( Chang Ki Huh ),양희선 ( Hee Sun Yang ),오전희 ( Jeon Hui Oh ),박종혁 ( Jong Hyuk Park ),최희영 ( Hee Young Choi ),김경희 ( Kyoung Hee Kim ),이승구 ( S 한국유가공기술과학회 2012 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.30 No.2
Molds cause severe cheese deterioration, even though some white and blue molds are used for the manufacture of Camembert and Blue cheese, respectively. The species of Geotrichum, Moniliella, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Fusarium, Phoma, and Cladosporium are the main fungi that affect contamination during cheese ripening. Once deteriorated by fungal spoilage, cheese becomes toxic and inedible. Fungal deterioration of cheese decreases the nutritional value, flavor profiles, physicochemical and organoleptic properties, and increases toxicity and infectious disease. Fungal contamination during cheese ripening is highly damaging to cheese production in Korean farmstead milk processing companies. Therefore, these companies hesitate to develop natural and ripened cheese varieties. This article discusses the recent and ongoing developments in the removal techniques of fungal contamination during cheese ripening. There are 2 categories of antifungal agents: chemical and natural. Major chemical agents are preservatives (propionic acid, sodium propionate, and calcium propionate) and ethanol. Among the natural agents, grapefruit seed extract, phytoncide, essential oils, and garlic have been investigated as natural antifungal agents. Additionally, some studies have shown that antibiotics such as natamycin and Delvocid(R), have antifungal activities for cheese contaminated with fungi. Microbial resources such as probiotic lactic acid bacteria, Propionibacterium, lactic acid bacteria from Kimchi, and bacteriocin are well known as antifungal agents. In addition, ozonization treatment has been reported to inhibit the growth activity of cheese-contaminating fungi.
충격량-운동량 이론을 접목시킨 발포 폴리프로필렌의 구성방정식
김병길 ( Byeong Kil Kim ),조재웅 ( Jae Ung Cho ),정광영 ( Kwang Young Jeong ),김남훈 ( Nam Hoon Kim ),오범석 ( Bum S. Oh ),한영원 ( Youngwon Hahn ),전성식 ( Seong S. Cheon ) 한국복합재료학회 2016 Composites research Vol.29 No.3
본 연구에서는 EPP(Expanded polypropylene) 준정적 및 충격 하중에 대한 구성방정식을 표현하는 데 있어서, 충격량-운동량 이론을 연계하였다. 또한, 구성방정식을 이루는 물리적으로 의미있는 변수들에 대해, 상대밀도의 함수로 표현하였다. 이를 위해, 연립 비선형 뉴튼-랩손 방법을 사용하여, 준정적 시험결과에 맞는 구성방정식의 변수값을 선정하였다. 또한, 충격량-운동량 이론이 구성방정식과 연계되어, 충격시 응력-변형률 선도를 변형률 속도에 따라 구하였고, 충격시험결과와 비교하였다. 향후에는 다른 재질의 발포고분자에도 본 구성방정식이 적용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In this paper, impulse-momentum theory was coupled to a constitutive equation both for implementing quasi-static and impact characteristics of EPP (Expanded polypropylene). Also, parameters which have physical meanings were expressed as functions of relative density. Simultaneous nonlinear Newton-Raphson method was applied to find the proper values for parameters in the constitutive equation along with quasi-static test data. Results from the impulse-momentum theory coupled constitutive equation showed good agreement with experimental data and the potential to be applied to different material type polymeric foam.