S6K1 Phosphorylation of H2B Mediates EZH2 Trimethylation of H3: A Determinant of Early Adipogenesis

Yi, S.,Um, S.,Lee, J.,Yoo, J.,Bang, S.,Park, E.,Lee, M.,Nam, K.,Jeon, Y.,Park, J.,You, J.,Lee, S.J.,Bae, G.U.,Rhie, J.,Kozma, Sara C.,Thomas, G.,Han, J.W. Cell Press 2016 Molecular Cell Vol.62 No.3

S6K1 has been implicated in a number of key metabolic responses, which contribute to obesity. Critical among these is the control of a transcriptional program required for the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to the adipocytic lineage. However, in contrast to its role in the cytosol, the functions and targets of nuclear S6K1 are unknown. Here, we show that adipogenic stimuli trigger nuclear translocation of S6K1, leading to H2BS36 phosphorylation and recruitment of EZH2 to H3, which mediates H3K27 trimethylation. This blocks Wnt gene expression, inducing the upregulation of PPARγ and Cebpa and driving increased adipogenesis. Consistent with this finding, white adipose tissue from S6K1-deficient mice exhibits no detectable H2BS36 phosphorylation or H3K27 trimethylation, whereas both responses are highly elevated in obese humans or in mice fed a high-fat diet. These findings define an S6K1-dependent mechanism in early adipogenesis, contributing to the promotion of obesity.

Oxide-free Sb₂S₃ sensitized solar cells fabricated by spin and heat-treatment of Sb(III)(thioacetamide)₂Cl₃

You, M.S.,Lim, C.S.,Kwon, D.H.,Heo, J.H.,Im, S.H.,Chae, K.J. Elsevier Science 2015 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.-

Pure Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> without oxide impurities was formed by thermal decomposition of Sb(thioacetamide: TA)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB> precursor. From the analysis of thermal properties of Sb(TA)<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>3</SUB>, we developed a spin-coating and heat-treatment process to form pure Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> thin-films with controllable thickness due to the formation of insoluble Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> by heat-treatment. Through the spin-coating and heat-treatment process, we could fabricate oxide-free Sb<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> planar type sensitized solar cell with 8.12mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> of short circuit current density (J<SUB>sc</SUB>), 0.616V of open circuit voltage (V<SUB>oc</SUB>), 45.9% of fill factor (F.F), and overall power conversion efficiency (η) of 2.3% at 1 sun condition.

Detection of Genotype associated with Disease Activity and Development of Probe

Jang,S. I.,Yoo,S. K.,Im,M. K.,Kim,J. H.,Kim,W. S.,You,Y. O.,Lee,D. K.,Kim,K. J.,Kim,W. S. 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1994 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.16 No.4

질환성과 관련된 세균의 분포 및 유전자형을 탐색하고자 구강농양 및 골수염의 급성감염 혼자와 진료실 및 실험실의 정상인을 대상으로 시료를 채취하여 포도상구균을 분리 및 동정을 시행하고, 특성을 규명하였으며, plasmid 및 염색유전자를 분리하여 제한효소를 처리후 전기영동을 실시하고 분리된 plasmid로 탐색자를 제작하여 dot blot을 시행하였다. 대부분의 급성환자에서 분리된 포도상구균을 S. lugdunensis와 S. aureus이었으나, 진료실 및 실험실에서는 coagulase 음성 staphylococci가 분리되었다. 급성환자에서 분리된 포도상구균은 ampicillin과 penicillin에 내성을 보였다. 분리된 S. lugdunensis균주중 네 균주는 δ형의 용혈소를 생산하였다. Plasmid를 분리한 결과 S. lugdunensis균주중 세 균주는 약 6.5 kilobases이었으나 S. aureus는 약 4.3 kilobases 정도 크기의 band를 보였다. S. lugdunensis에서 분리된 plasmid로 제작한 탐색자로 dot blot를 시행한 결과 치과 영역에서 분리한 plasmid를 갖는 균주는 양성반응을 보였다. 염색체유전자의 유전자형을 분석한 결과 δ형의 용혈소를 생산한 네 균주의 S. lugdunensis는 유사한 유전자형을 보였다. 이러한 연구결과 질환의 진행에 S. lugdunensis가 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 생각되고, 치과영역에 존재하는 plasmid는 공통적인 유전자 서열을 갖는 것으로 추정된다.

DROWSY BEHAVIOR DETECTION BASED ON DRIVING INFORMATION

M. S. WANG,N. T. JEONG,K. S. KIM,S. B. CHOI,S. M. YANG,S. H. YOU,J. H. LEE,서명원 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.1

Drowsy behavior is more likely to occur in sleep-deprived drivers. Individuals’ drowsy behavior detection technology should be developed to prevent drowsiness related crashes. Driving information such as acceleration, steering angle and velocity, and physiological signals of drivers such as electroencephalogram (EEG), and eye tracking are adopted in present drowsy behavior detection technologies. However, it is difficult to measure physiological signal, and eye tracking requires complex experiment equipment. As a result, driving information is adopted for drowsy driving detection. In order to achieve this purpose, driving experiment is performed for obtaining driving information through driving simulator. Moreover, this paper investigates effects of using different input parameter combinations, which is consisted of lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, and steering angles with different time window sizes (i.e. 4 s, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 60 s), on drowsy driving detection using random forest algorithm. 20 s-size datasets using parameter combination of accelerations in lateral and longitudinal directions, compared to the other combination cases of driving information such as steering angles combined with lateral and longitudinal acceleration, steering angles only, longitudinal acceleration only, and lateral acceleration only, is considered the most effective information for drivers’ drowsy behavior detection. Moreover, comparing to ANN algorithm, RF algorithm performs better on processing complex input data for drowsy behavior detection. The results, which reveal high accuracy 84.8 % on drowsy driving behavior detection, can be applied on condition of operating real vehicles.

Sulfur to oxygen substitution in BiOCuSe and its effect on the thermoelectric properties

Han, M. K.,Jin, Y. S.,Yu, B.,Choi, W.,You, T. S.,Kim, S. J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.4 No.36

<P>The effects of S doping at the oxygen site on the thermoelectric properties of BiOCuSe have been investigated. The partial substitution of S ions at the O sites of BiOCuSe was achieved by sulfurization using CS2 gas. Analysis of the powder X-ray diffraction data indicates that the ZrCuSiAs structure of BiOCuSe is retained after sulfurization. Substitution of O with S leads to an increase in the lattice parameters and a decrease in the band gap. The electrical conductivity rises due to the increase of the electronic contribution with doping. S-doped BiOCuSe materials behave as a p-type semiconductor. The thermoelectric properties of S-doped BiOCuSe materials can be understood through the analysis of the electronic band structure and the density of states close to the Fermi level. The substitution of O sites with S provides possible directions toward the enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit of oxide materials with low electrical conductivity.</P>

Triarylamine-based dual-function coadsorbents with extended π-conjugation aryl linkers for organic dye-sensitized solar cells

Choi, I.T.,You, B.S.,Eom, Y.K.,Ju, M.J.,Choi, W.S.,Kang, S.H.,Kang, M.S.,Seo, K.D.,Hong, J.Y.,Song, S.H.,Yang, J.W.,Kim, H.K. Elsevier Science 2014 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.11

Triarylamine-based dual-function coadsorbents containing a carboxylic acid acceptor linked by extended π-conjugation aryl linkers (e.g., phenylene: HC-A3, naphthalene: HC-A4 and anthracene: HC-A5) were newly designed and synthesized. They were used as coadsorbents in organic dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on a porphyrin dye (hexyloxy-biphenyl-ZnP-CN-COOH (HOP)). For comparison, the π-conjugated phenyl linker (HC-A3) previously developed by our group was also used as a coadsorbent. The structural effects on the photophysical and electrochemical properties and DSSC performance were systematically investigated. As a result, the DSSCs based on HC-A4 and HC-5 displayed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8.2% and 5.1%, respectively, while the HC-A3-based DSSC achieved a PCE of 7.7%. In the case of HC-A4, both the short-circuit photocurrent densities (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) and open-circuit voltages (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) of DSSCs were simultaneously improved to a large extent due to the more effective prevention of π-π stacking of organic dye molecules and the better light-harvesting effect at short wavelengths. The HC-A5-based DSSC exhibited a much lower short-circuit current (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) and open-circuit voltages (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) compared to the HC-A4-based DSSC, due to the fact that the dihedral angle of the π-conjugated linkers was too high for electron injection into the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> conduction band (CB) level. This had a reduced effect on preventing the π-π stacking of dye molecules, resulting in lower J<SUB>sc</SUB> and V<SUB>oc</SUB> values.

Electric-field control of magnetic property in perpendicularly magnetized Co_0.25Pd_0.75/PMN-PT heterostructure

Kim, J.W.,Kim, J.H.,You, C.Y.,Shin, S.C. Elsevier 2017 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.17 No.7

<P>We report about the electric-field control of magnetic properties in a perpendicularly magnetized Co0.25Pd0.75 film deposited on PMN-PT (lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate) substrate. The effective perpendicular anisotropy coefficient K-eff is efficiently tuned via the electric field up to 2 MV/m from 2.5 x 10(4) to 0.8 x 10(4) J/m(3), which leads to the change of the effective magnetic anisotropy field mu(0)Delta H-eff = -45 mT. With a time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect, we observed the precession frequency change Delta f = 0.8 GHz. Our simulation estimates that this value corresponds to Df = -3 GHz and Delta f/f = -0.23 in a scheme of ferromagnetic resonance measurement. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>

Gibberellin-producing Serratia nematodiphila PEJ1011 ameliorates low temperature stress in Capsicum annuum L.

Kang, S.M.,Khan, A.L.,Waqas, M.,You, Y.H.,Hamayun, M.,Joo, G.J.,Shahzad, R.,Choi, K.S.,Lee, I.J. Gauthier-Villars ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 European journal of soil biology Vol.68 No.-

We studied the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the physio-hormonal attributes of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants grown under low-temperature stress. After initial screening for growth promoting effect on gibberellin (GA) mutant Waito-C rice seeds, the PGPRs were analysed for gibberellins (GA) production through advanced chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Among 17 bacterial isolates, a novel isolate PEJ1011 produced bioactive GA<SUB>4</SUB> (8.65 ng ml<SUP>-1</SUP>) and physiologically inactive GA<SUB>20</SUB> (6.21 ng ml<SUP>-1</SUP>) and GA<SUB>9</SUB> (1.64 ng ml<SUP>-1</SUP>). The isolate PEJ1011 was identified as Serratia nematodiphila PEJ1011 using molecular techniques. To further assess it growth promoting effects, S. nematodiphila PEJ1011 was inoculated to pepper plant, where it significantly improved the growth attributes of pepper plants, while mitigated the deleterious effects of low temperature on pepper exposed to low temperature stress of 5 <SUP>o</SUP>C. It was observed that the inoculated plants grown under normal and low temperature stress contained higher endogenous GA<SUB>4</SUB> contents. To modulate cold stress, the beneficial association of PGPR up-regulated the endogenous ABA levels in pepper plants, while reduced the endogenous jasmonic acid and salicylic acid contents. This up and down regulation of stress hormones contribute to the immediate adaptation of plants exposed to low temperature stress. Current study showed the significance of S. nematodiphila PEJ1011 association to crops grown under adverse climatic conditions, and also reports the GA producing capacity of genus Serratia for the first time.

분기기 단면형상에 따른 철도차량 주행동특성 해석

유원희(W. H. You),김성종(S. J. Kim),이희성(H. S. Lee),김만철(M. C. Kim) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11

In this paper the dynamic characteristics of railway vehicle on turnout was analyzed by using Ⅵ-rail S/W. The derailment coefficient, wheel load, lateral force on the wheel, attack angle and vertical displacement of wheels are included in dynamic characteristics of railway vehicle.

p21-Activated kinase 4 promotes prostate cancer progression through CREB

Park, M-H,Lee, H-S,Lee, C-S,You, S T,Kim, D-J,Park, B-H,Kang, M J,Heo, W D,Shin, E-Y,Schwartz, M A,Kim, E-G Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013 Oncogene Vol.32 No.19

Prostate cancer is initially androgen-dependent but, over time, usually develops hormone- and chemo-resistance. The present study investigated a role for p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) in prostate cancer progression. PAK4 activation was markedly inhibited by H89, a specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, and PAK4 was activated by the elevation of cAMP. The catalytic subunit of PKA interacted with the regulatory domain of PAK4, and directly phosphorylated PAK4 at serine 474 (S474). Catalytically active PAK4 enhanced the transcriptional activity of CREB independent of S133 phosphorylation. Stable knockdown of PAK4 in PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells inhibited tumor formation in nude mice. Decreased tumorigenicity correlated with decreased expression of CREB and its targets, including Bcl-2 and cyclin A1. Additionally, in androgen-dependent LNCap-FGC cells, PAK4 regulated cAMP-induced neuroendocrine differentiation, which is known to promote tumor progression. Finally, PAK4 enhanced survival and decreased apoptosis following chemotherapy. These results suggested that PAK4 regulates progression toward hormone- and chemo-resistance in prostate cancer, and this study identified both a novel activation mechanism and potential downstream effector pathways. Therefore, PAK4 may be a promising therapeutic target in prostate cancer.