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Effects of Material Properties on Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings
Yavuz Yardim,Enea Mustafaraj,Erion Luga 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.5
This study investigates the seismic performance of existing unreinforced masonry buildings considering the effects of different material properties selected from design codes’ assumptions and experimental values. For this purpose, work was conducted to analyze a selection of existing buildings in Albania designed with typical methodologies of the past structural design codes. Experimental investigations were carried out on bricks and mortars extracted from the selected buildings, as well as a series of regular and irregular sized mortar specimens prepared in the laboratory for comparative evaluation purpose. In addition, diagonal compression tests were performed on two full-size (1.2 m × 1.2 m) masonry walls built in the laboratory, which were prepared based on the existing building’s construction method and material properties. Selected typical URM buildings were analyzed with commercial program CDSWin using different masonry mechanical characteristics that were obtained from experimental work in this study. The equivalent frame method (EFM) was used for the modeling of the buildings and pushover analysis was performed to obtain their seismic capacity. To evaluate the seismic response of each case, a comparison was established between the drift ratio and maximum base shear. As a result, using the code assumptions for the mechanical properties of masonry, overly conservative results were obtained. To understand better and clarify how stresses are being distributed in the walls, it is essential to perform experimental investigations to acquire the representative masonry characteristics such that a reliable structure assessment and retrofitting could be implemented.
Bat, Levent,Yardim, Oztekin,Oztekin, Aysah,Sahin, Fatih,Arici, Elif Korea FoodHealth Convergence Association 2020 식품보건융합연구 (KJFHC) Vol.6 No.1
The levels of five heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, copper and zinc) were analyzed in edible tissues of Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus, 1758 marketed in Sinop coasts of the Black Sea by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. With the present study, heavy metal values of this fish in the Black Sea were examined for the first time. The mean concentrations in mg kg<sup>-1</sup> wet wt. of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were 0.022, 0.009, 0.035, 6.3 and 16 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> wet wt., respectively. The results of the present study indicate that the consumption of muscle from anglerfish can be considered safe in terms of permissible legal limits. It is clear that, Zn showed the high accumulation in muscle tissue followed by Cu, while non-essential metals Hg, Cd and Pb showed the low accumulation. This could be explained by the fact that Zn and Cu are essential elements in the bodies of living organisms and has an important role in different physiological processes. In the present study, heavy metal levels in angler fish were low. Likewise, the calculated HI values were lower than one. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that the consumption of muscle from anglerfish can be considered safe in terms of permissible legal limits and hazard index values.
Ersahin, Aynur Adeviye,Acet, Mustafa,Ersahin, Suat Suphan,Acet, Tuba,Yardim, Meltem,Kenanoglu, Omer,Aydin, Suleyman The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2017 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.44 No.1
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the changes of follicular fluid (FF) and serum levels of cerebellin precursor protein 1 (cbln1) and betatrophin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. Methods: Twenty infertile women with PCOS and 20 control women diagnosed as poor responders undergoing ovarian stimulation with a GnRH antagonist were included. Blood samples were obtained during ovum pick-up. Follicular fluid from a dominant follicle was collected from the subjects. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, FF and serum levels of cbln1 and betatrophin were measured in both groups of participants. Metabolic and hormonal parameters were also determined and correlated with each other. Results: Both groups of women had similar serum and FF betatrophin levels ($55.0{\pm}8.9ng/mL$ vs. $53.1{\pm}10.3ng/mL$, p=0.11). The serum and FF betatrophin levels of poor responders were found to be similar ($49.9{\pm}5.9ng/mL$ vs. $48.9{\pm}10.7ng/mL$, p=0.22). Conversely, the FF cbln1 levels of PCOS women were found to be significantly higher than the serum cbln1 levels ($589.1{\pm}147.6ng/L$ vs. $531.7{\pm}74.3ng/L$, p<0.02). The FF cbln1 levels of control participants without PCOS were significantly higher than their serum cbln1 levels ($599.3{\pm}211.5ng/L$ vs. $525.3{\pm}87.0ng/L$, p=0.01). Positive correlations were detected among body mass index, insulin resistance, serum insulin, total testosterone, and betatrophin levels in the PCOS group. Conclusion: Follicular fluid betatrophin and cbln1 concentrations may play a pivotal role on follicular growth in PCOS subjects undergoing IVF/ICSI with an antagonist protocol.