Photoluminescent Green Carbon Nanodots from Food-Waste-Derived Sources: Large-Scale Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications

Park, So Young,Lee, Hyun Uk,Park, Eun Sik,Lee, Soon Chang,Lee, Jae-Won,Jeong, Soon Woo,Kim, Chi Hyun,Lee, Young-Chul,Huh, Yun Suk,Lee, Jouhahn American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.5

<P>We have developed a simple approach for the large-scale synthesis of water-soluble green carbon nanodots (G-dots) from many kinds of large food waste-derived sources. About 120 g of G-dots per 100 kg of food waste can be synthesized using our simple and environmentally friendly synthesis approach. The G-dots exhibit a high degree of solubility in water because of the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups around their surface. The narrow band of photoluminescence emission (400–470 nm) confirms that the size of the G-dots (∼4 nm) is small because of a similar quantum effects and emission traps on the surfaces. The G-dots have excellent photostability; their photoluminescence intensity decreases slowly (∼8%) under continuous excitation with a Xe lamp for 10 days. We carried out cell viability assay to assess the effect of cytotoxicity by introducing G-dots in cells such as Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1), mouse muscle cells (C2C12), and African green monkey kidney cells (COS-7), up to a concentration of 2 mg mL<SUP>–1</SUP> for 24 h. Due to their high photostability and low cytotoxicity, these G-dots are excellent probes for in vitro bioimaging. Moreover, the byproducts (not including G-dots) of G-dot synthesis from large food-waste derived sources promoted the growth and development of seedlings germinated on 3DW-supplemented gauze. Because of the combined advantages of green synthesis, high aqueous stability, high photostability, and low cytotoxicity, the G-dots show considerable promise in various areas, including biomedical imaging, solution state optoelectronics, and plant seed germination and/or growth.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-5/am500159p/production/images/medium/am-2014-00159p_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am500159p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Preceding Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients Receiving Endovascular Therapy

Park, Hong-Kyun,Chung, Jong-Won,Hong, Jeong-Ho,Jang, Min Uk,Noh, Hyun-Du,Park, Jong-Moo,Kang, Kyusik,Lee, Soo Joo,Ko, Youngchai,Kim, Jae Guk,Cha, Jae-Kwan,Kim, Dae-Hyun,Nah, Hyun-Wook,Han, Moon-Ku,Kim S KARGER AG 2017 Cerebrovascular Diseases Vol.44 No.1

<P>Background: The beneficial effects of endovascular therapy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke have been demonstrated in recent clinical trials using new-generation thrombectomy devices. However, the comparative effectiveness and safety of preceding intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in this population has rarely been evaluated. Methods: From a prospective multicenter stroke registry database in Korea, we identified patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated with EVT within 8 h of onset and admitted to 14 participating centers during 2008-2013. The primary outcome was a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 months. Major secondary outcomes were successful recanalization defined as a modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia score of 2b-3, functional independence (mRS score 0-2), mortality at 3 months, and symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (SHT) during hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression analyses using generalized linear mixed models were performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of preceding IVT. Results: Of the 639 patients (male, 61%; age 69 +/- 12; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 15 [11-19]) who met the eligibility criteria, 458 received preceding IVT. These patients showed lower mRS scores (adjusted common OR, 1.38 [95% CI 0.98-1.96]). Preceding IVT was associated with successful recanalization (1.96 [1.23-3.11]) and reduced 3-month mortality (0.58 [0.35-0.97]) but not with SHT (0.96 [0.48-1.93]). Conclusion: In patients treated with EVT within 8 of acute ischemic stroke onset, preceding IVT may enhance survival and successful recanalization without additional risk of SHT, and mitigate disability at 3 months. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Erdheim-Chester Disease with Hepatitis, Glomerulonephritis, Aplastic Anemia and Lung Involvement

Park, Ji Won,Chung, Chae Uk,Shin, Ji Young,Jung, Sun Young,Yoo, Su Jin,Lee, Jeong Eun,Jung, Sung Soo,Kim, Ju Ock,Kim, Sun Young,Park, Hee Sun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.4

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a proliferative non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis of multiple organs. This is a rare disease of unknown etiology with a high mortality. We present the case report of a 26-year-old man diagnosed with ECD. He was referred to our hospital with elevated levels of aminotransferases. Although the diagnosis was uncertain, the patient was lost to follow up at that time. One year later, the patient returned to the hospital with generalized edema. Although a specific bone lesion was not found, the patient was experiencing the following: glomerulonephritis, aplastic anemia, hepatitis, and lung involvement. A lung biopsy was performed: the immunohistochemical stain were positive for CD68 and negative for S-100 protein and CD1a. We diagnosed as the patient as havinf ECD. Approximately 50% of ECD cases present with extraskeletal involvement. ECD should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis when multiple organs are involved.

5-LOX Inhibitor Modulates the Inflammatory Responses Provoked by <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection

Park, Soojin,Han, Sang-Uk,Lee, Kee-Myung,Park, Kyung Ha,Cho, Sung Won,Hahm, Ki-Baik Blackwell Science 2007 HELICOBACTER -CAMBRIDGE USA- Vol.12 No.1

<P>Abstract</P><P>Background: </P><P>Arachidonic acid metabolites have been considered as pivotal mediators in <I>Helicobacter pylori</I>-induced inflammatory response, which are mainly metabolized by two distinct enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX). While COX has become well known to play a key role in either carcinogenesis or inflammation related to <I>H. pylori</I> infection, little is known regarding the implication of LOX in <I>H. pylori</I> infection. In this study, we evaluated the roles of 5-LOX and its metabolites in <I>H. pylori</I>-induced host responses and further a potential beneficial action of specific LOX inhibitors against <I>H. pylori</I> infection.</P><P>Materials and Methods: </P><P>Expressions of cytosolic phospholipase A<SUB>2</SUB> (cPLA<SUB>2</SUB>), COX-2, and 5-LOX after <I>H. pylori</I> infection were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. Synthesis of LOX metabolites was measured with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. For analyzing the influence of 5-LOX inhibitors, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and geraniin, on <I>H. pylori</I>-induced inflammatory responses, RNase protection assay and RT-PCR were performed.</P><P>Results: </P><P><I>H. pylori</I> stimulated the translocation of cPLA<SUB>2</SUB> from cytoplasm to nucleus and increased the biosynthesis of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) as a predominant form of 5S-HETE in gastric epithelium. NDGA exerted a strong suppression activity of <I>H. pylori</I>-induced 5-LOX signaling. The administration of LOX inhibitors was related with down-expression of proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α in both <I>H. pylori</I>-infected gastric epithelial cells and macrophage cells.</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>LOX modulation with its specific inhibitors could impose significant anti-inflammatory responses after <I>H. pylori</I> infection, based on the fact that <I>H. pylori</I> infection provoked gastric inflammation through metabolizing arachidonic acid by the 5-LOX pathway.</P>

Clinical Characteristics of Depressed Patients With a History of Suicide Attempts: Results From the CRESCEND Study in South Korea

Park, Min-Hyeon,Kim, Tae-Suk,Yim, Hyeon-Woo,Jeong, Seung Hee,Lee, Chul,Lee, Chang-Uk,Kim, Jae-Min,Jung, Sung-Won,Lee, Min-Soo,Jun, Tae-Youn Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2010 The Journal of nervous and mental disease Vol.198 No.10

South Korea is a country with one of the highest suicide rates in the world, and the suicide rate is still on the rise. The purpose of this study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of suicide attempts and risk factors related to suicide attempts among depressed patients in South Korea. Among the 1183 participants, 21.4% had a history of a suicide attempt. When the severity of depression was controlled, the risk factors for patients who attempted suicide included younger age, experienced significant life events before 12 years of age, psychotic symptoms, and previous depressive episodes. The characteristics of attempted suicide in depressed patients in South Korea can be summarized as a high suicide attempt rate with no difference in the number of suicide attempts and lethality between males and females. This unique tendency is probably related to the sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of South Korea.

Blood levels of cadmium and lead in residents near abandoned metal mine areas in Korea

Park, Dong-UK,Kim, Dae-Seon,Yu, Seung-Do,Lee, Kyeong-Min,Ryu, Seung-Hun,Kim, Soo-Geun,Yang, Won-Ho,Park, Doo-Yong.,Hong, Yeong-Seoub,Park, Jung-Duck,Lee, Byung-Kook,Moon, Jai-Dong,Sakong, Joon,Ahn, Se Springer-Verlag 2014 Environmental monitoring and assessment Vol.186 No.8

Exploring Escalation of Commitment Situation in the Internet C2C Auction

Park, Sang-Cheol,Kim, Jong-Uk,Jang, Si-Young,Lee, Won-Jun 한국경영정보학회 2007 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

Most Internet auction studies have focused on examining the determinants of auction success or closing price. However, there has been little previous research which investigates dark-side factors such as overbidding behavior in the Internet C2C transactions. For this reason, this study attempts to find situations with the escalation of commitment to bids using Internet auction systems and also examines whether the bidder's bidding is irrational. Therefore, this study applies escalation of commitment to explain the auction process such as the going, going, gone period with competition in Internet C2C auctions. In order to describe the auction process in terms of escalation of commitment, this study proposes psychological sunk costs, completion effect, and self-justification as the key factors of escalation of commitment and also willingness to continue bidding reflecting the decision maker's escalation behavior in terms of persistence perspective as final dependent variable. The results of PLS analysis indicate that a bidder's overbidding behavior is explained by the escalation of commitment.

Selection of internal reference genes for normalization of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis in the canine brain and other organs.

Park, Sang-Je,Huh, Jae-Won,Kim, Young-Hyun,Lee, Sang-Rae,Kim, Sang-Hyun,Kim, Sun-Uk,Kim, Heui-Soo,Kim, Min Kyu,Chang, Kyu-Tae Humana Press 2013 Molecular biotechnology Vol.54 No.1

<P>Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a specific and sensitive technique for quantifying gene expression. To analyze qRT-PCR data accurately, suitable reference genes that show consistent expression patterns across different tissues and experimental conditions should be selected. The objective of this study was to obtain the most stable reference genes in dogs, using samples from 13 different brain tissues and 10 other organs. 16 well-known candidate reference genes were analyzed by the geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper programs. Brain tissues were derived from several different anatomical regions, including the forebrain, cerebrum, diencephalon, hindbrain, and metencephalon, and grouped accordingly. Combination of the three different analyses clearly indicated that the ideal reference genes are ribosomal protien S5 (RPS5) in whole brain, RPL8 and RPS5 in whole body tissues, RPS5 and RPS19 in the forebrain and cerebrum, RPL32 and RPS19 in the diencephalon, GAPDH and RPS19 in the hindbrain, and MRPS7 and RPL13A in the metencephalon. These genes were identified as ideal for the normalization of qRT-PCR results in the respective tissues. These findings indicate more suitable and stable reference genes for future studies of canine gene expression.</P>

Relationship between ganglioside expression and anti-cancer effects of a plant-derived antibody in breast cancer cells

Won Seok Ju,Ilchan Song,Se-Ra Park,Sang Young Seo,Jin Hyoung Cho,Sung-Hun Min,Dae-Heon Kim,Ji-Su Kim,Sun-Uk Kim,Soon Ju Park,Kisung Ko,Young-Kug Choo 한국식물생명공학회 2019 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.46 No.3

Production of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using a plant platform has been considered an alternative to the mammalian cell-based production system. A plant-derived mAb CO17-1AK (mAbP COK) can specifically bind to various types of cancer cell lines. The target protein of mAbP COK is the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) highly expressed in human epithelial cancer cells, including breast and colorectal cancer cells. It has been hypothesized that its overexpression supports tumor growth and metastasis. A ganglioside is extended well beyond the surfaces of the various cell membranes and has roles in cell growth, inflammation, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. However, the regulation of EpCAM gene expression in breast cancers and the role of gangliosides in oncogenesis are unclear. Here, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mAbP COK on human breast cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ganglioside expression patterns. Our results show that treatment with mAbP COK suppressed the growth of breast cancer cells and induced apoptotic cell death. It also upregulated the expression of metastasis-related gangliosides in breast cancer cells. Thus, treatment with mAbP COK may have chemo-preventive therapeutic effects against human breast cancer.

A Study on the Performance Evaluation of Standard Gamma Irradiation System Using Monte Carlo Code

Won-Seok Park(박원석),Seung-Uk Heo(허승욱),Jang-Oh Kim(김장오),Byung-In Min(민병인) 한국방사선학회 2018 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.2

In this study, we compared the measured values of the effective beam size of standard gamma irradiator with the simulation results to provide a useful means to the effective beam area determination. Results of the simulation and measured using ion chamber was distributed in a relative error of 4.5 ~ 7.3% of the case of air kerma rate. The size of the effective beam area is when the simulation was implemented in the horizontal direction 27cm, 21.6cm vertical direction, the measured result using a film was obtained similar results with the horizontal direction 26.5cm, 21.9cm vertical direction. The relative error in the horizontal direction is 1.85% and 1.38% vertical effective beam area was also similarly distributed around the field gamma rays. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the effectiveness of the simulation was sufficient for the gamma irradiation system. In particular, it is small relative errors in the effective beam size than the air kerma rate is considered to be due to the size of the beam is determined by geometric factors rather than the capacity of the standard source. A further study is needed to improve the reliability of the photon energy distribution diagram using simulation. 본 연구는 표준 감마선 조사장치의 유효빔 크기를 실측과 시뮬레이션의 결과를 비교하여 유효빔 영역의 결정에 유용한 수단을 제공하고자 하였다. 시뮬레이션과 전리함을 이용한 실측의 결과는 공기커마율의 경우는 상대오차 4.5~7.3% 범위에 분포하였다. 유효빔 영역의 크기는 시뮬레이션의 경우 수평 방향 27cm, 수직 방향 21.6cm로 구현되었고, 필름을 이용한 실측결과는 수평 방향 26.5cm, 수직 방향 21.9cm로 유사한 결과가 도출되었다. 수평방향의 상대오차 는 1.85%, 수직 방향은 1.38% 이며 유효빔 영역도 감마선장을 중심으로 유사하게 분포하였다. 감마선 조사장치에 있어서 시뮬레이션의 유효성이 충분함을 확인하였다. 특히 공기커마율보다 유효빔 크기의 상대오차가 적은 것은 빔의 크기가 표준선원의 용량보다는 기하학적 요인으로 결정되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 향후 시뮬레이션을 이용한 광자 에너지 분포도의 신뢰성을 높이기 위한 연구가 필요할 것 이다.