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Voltage Regulation of Connexin Channel Conductance
오승훈,Thaddeus A. Bargiello 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.1
Voltage is an important parameter that regulates the conductance of both intercellularand plasma membrane channels (undocked hemichannels) formed by the 21 members of the mammalian connexin gene family. Connexin channels display two forms of voltage-dependence, rectification of ionic currents and voltage-dependentgating. Ionic rectification results either from asymmetries in the distributionof fixed charges due to heterotypic pairing of different hemichannels, or by channel block, arising from differences in the concentrations of divalent cations on opposite sides of the junctional plaque. This rectification likely underpins the electricalrectification observed in some electrical synapses. Both intercellular and undockedhemichannels also display two distinct forms of voltage-dependent gating, termed Vj (fast)-gating and loop (slow)-gating. This review summarizes our currentunderstanding of the molecular determinants and mechanisms underlying these conformational changes derived from experimental, molecular-genetic, structural, and computational approaches.