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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Tetsushi Yonekura (검색결과 2 건)
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Masahiro Yamaguchi,Nobuyuki Tazoe,Tomoki Nakayama,Tetsushi Yonekura,Takeshi Izuta,Yoshihisa Kohno 한국대기환경학회 2023 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.17 No.1
In the region where heat stress has become evident, the elevation of air temperature could reduce yield of heat stress-susceptible crops, such as rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is a major food staple in Asia. In addition to air temperature, atmospheric CO2 is projected to be elevated in the future. To project rice yield in the future, it is necessary to clarify the responses of rice to concurrent elevations of air temperature and atmospheric CO2. In the present study, two japonica rice cultivars with different heat tolerance, Hinohikari (sensitive) and Nikomaru (tolerant), were grown in pots inside open-top chambers and exposed to elevated air temperature and/or CO2. The degrees of increase in the air temperature and CO2 concentration by the treatments were approximately 1 °C and 120 μmol mol− 1 (ppm). The study was conducted in Nagasaki, Japan, where heat stress on rice has become evident. Elevated air temperature significantly decreased both whole-plant growth and grain yield. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the growth but significantly decreased the yield. The effects of elevated air temperature and elevated CO2 on growth and yield did not significantly differ between two cultivars. In both cultivars, the main cause of yield reduction by both treatments was reduction in spikelet fertility, which is typical heat stress on rice. The elevated CO2- induced reduction in spikelet fertility could be explained partially by high-temperature regime during flowering due to acceleration of heading and by increase in canopy temperature via stomatal closure in flag leaves. Because elevated air temperature and elevated CO2 treatments additively reduced spikelet fertility in both cultivars, concurrent elevations of air temperature and CO2 caused considerable reduction in grain yield.
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Masahiro Yamaguchi,Shoma Kamiya,Dai Kokubun,Tomoki Nakayama,Tetsushi Yonekura,Yoshihisa Kohno KOSAE·JSAE·CSES-CSAE 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.3
Two Japanese rice cultivars with different heat-tolerance, Hinohikari (sensitive) and Nikomaru (tolerant), were grown in pots inside open-top chambers and exposed to ambient CO₂ (400 μmol mol<SUP>-1</SUP>) or elevated CO₂ (550 μmol mol<SUP>-1</SUP>) from the beginning of the tillering stage to maturity. The study was conducted in Nagasaki, in the Kyushu region of Japan, where heat stress on rice has become increasingly evident. Although elevated CO₂ significantly improved the net photosynthesis and whole-plant growth of the cultivars, there were no significant effects on grain yield, which in turn reduced harvest index. In both cultivars, adverse effects occurred with elevated CO₂, such as reductions in spikelet fertility and grain appearance quality, which are typical manifestations of heat stress in rice. During the flowering period, the air temperature was high that spikelet fertility was reduced even under ambient CO₂ conditions for both cultivars. These results suggest that, under high-temperature conditions, elevated CO₂ could induce or exacerbate the manifestations of heat stress in rice. Because transpiration rate in the flag leaf was significantly reduced by the exposure to elevated CO₂, it is possible that elevated CO₂ increased plant temperature via a reduction in transpiration during flowering period, although we did not detect significance of the increase in leaf and panicle temperature. To ensure a more confident conclusion, further studies focusing on the effects of elevated CO₂ on the determinants of spikelet fertility and grain appearance quality with other cultivars in different year are required.
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