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MOLECULAR-SCALE VIEW OF HEAT CONDUCTION IN LIQUIDES, SOFT MATTERS, AND THEIR INTERFACES
Taku Ohara 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.5
Thermal energy transfer in liquids and soft matters, which is recognized as heat conduction in case of macroscopic bulk materials, is discussed utilizing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. An analytical approach based on the concept of the decomposition of heat flux was applied to several typical liquids and soft matters, where each contribution of molecular=scale energy transfer mechanisms to heat conduction flux was evaluated. The paths that transfer thermal energy between and within molecules due to interatomic forces, such as van der Waals force, Coulomb force and covalent bond force, were identified as the atomistic heat path (AHP), and their performance to transfer thermal energy with their number density in space was evaluated. Analysis based on this concept is also applied to thermal energy transfer over the solid-liquid interfaces, aiming at reduction of thermal resistance in solid-liquid/soft matter complex systems.
Takeshi Hara,Masaki Mizuno,Kazutoshi Hida,Toru Sasamori,Yasuyuki Miyoshi,Hisaaki Uchikado,Hiroki Ohashi,Taku Sugawara,Yasuhiro Takeshima,Yukoh Ohara,Akihide Kondo,Toshiki Endo 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.3
Objective: This study was aimed to report the clinical characteristics of intramedullary schwannomas and discuss imaging findings and treatment strategies. Methods: The inclusion criterion was consecutive patients with intramedullary schwannomas who were surgically treated at 8 centers between 2009 and 2020. Clinical characteristics included age, sex, clinical presentation, disease duration, and follow-up period. The modified McCormick scale was used to compare the preoperative and postoperative conditions. Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance images (MRI) of each case were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the total 11 patients at the operation was 50.2 years. The mean duration of the symptoms was 23 months, with limb paresthesia being the most common clinical presentation. The cervical spine was the most common localization level of the tumor in 6 cases. The mean follow-up duration was 49.4 months. Gross total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection (STR) was achieved in 9 and 2 cases, respectively. According to the modified McCormick scale at 6 months postoperatively, 7 cases (63.6%) had improved and 4 cases (36.3%) had unchanged grades. Typical MRI findings of the intramedullary schwannoma included ring-like enhancement, syringomyelia, cystic formation, intramedullary edema, and hemosiderin deposition. Gadolinium enhancement was homogenous in 8 cases (72.7%). The tumor margins were well demarcated in all cases. Conclusion: Intramedullary schwannoma should be considered when sharp margins and well-enhanced tumors are present at the cervical spine level and the initial symptoms are relatively mild, such as dysesthesia. When GTR cannot be achieved, STR for tumor decompression is recommended.