Morphological and genetic variation of thirty Iranian Dendranthema (Dendranthema grandiflfl orum) cultivars using multivariate analysis

Shirin Taghipour,Abdollah Ehtesham Nia,Hamed Khodayari,Hasan Mumivand,Mohammad Reza Shafiei 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.3

Analysis of genetic diversity in dendranthema is necessary to improve this important ornamental species. In this study, 30Dendranthema grandifl ora cultivars were assessed based on 21 phenotypic traits and 13 ISSR loci based on a completelyrandomized block design with three replications in Iran. Phenotypic traits such as plant height, lateral branch number, leafnumber, leaf area, and fl ower number had high (i.e., > 45%) phenotypic and genotypic coeffi cients of variation, indicatingthe potential of these traits for improving through targeted selection in breeding programs. All of the ISSR markers werepolymorphic, and 86 alleles were identifi ed across the cultivars. The average polymorphic information content was 0.35with a Shannon’s information index of 0.29, indicating high levels of genetic variation in the tested cultivars. The clusteranalysis based on Jaccard similarity indices (J) grouped 30 genotypes into 10 major clusters. The closest relation wasobserved between the ‘Oran’ and ‘Taban3′ cultivars (with 91% similarity), while ‘Fariborz’ and ‘Farahnaz’ cultivars werefar apart from others (with 38% similarity). All cultivars were clearly diff erentiated by their ISSR fi ngerprints. T(GA)9 and(AGC)5GA markers had the highest molecular indices, which could be used for future breeding programs of dendranthema. Eleven cultivars were classifi ed separately into four groups (A–D), and the remaining 19 cultivars were placed in the otherfour groups (E–H). The fi ndings of this study will aid in parental selection studies for hybridization programs of dendranthemain future.

Syphacia obvelata: A New Hope to Induction of Intestinal Immunological Tolerance in C57BL/6 Mice

Niloofar Taghipour,Nariman Mosaffa,Mohammad Rostami-Nejad,Mohamad Mohsen Homayoni,Esmaeil Mortaz,Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei,Mohammad Reza Zali 대한기생충학열대의학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.55 No.4

Symmetric hole stress concentration in a hybrid composite lamina subjected to matrix plasticity

Pezhman Taghipour Birgani,Mohammad Shishesaz 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.7

In this paper, hole stress concentrations in long fibers and their surrounding matrix bays is examined in a hybrid composite lamina. It is assumed that all fibers lie in one direction while loaded by a force p at infinity in the direction of fibers. The width of the lamina is considered to be finite and bears a hole as a defect. Due to the presence of excessive shear stress in the matrix bays bounding the hole, a yielded zone of size 2a o is developed around the hole. Shear lag model (SLM) is used to drive the displacement and stress fields. The resulting equations are solved analytically based on boundary and continuity conditions. It is shown that the shape and size of the hole, as well as length of the plastic zone, have considerable effect on stress concentrations within the lamina. Compared to a lamina with a single type fiber, a hybridized model shows lower stress concentrations in High modulus (HM) fibers bounding the hole as opposed to those of Low modulus fibers (LM) subjected to the same condition. Moreover, hole shape and size, ratio of extensional stiffness of LM to HM fibers, and size of the plastic zone seem to have considerable effect on shear and normal stresses in the matrix and fibers, respectively.

Eigenvectors Selection in Spectral Clustering by Applying Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm

Rasoul Taghipour,Ehsan Asgarian,Niloofar Chehrenama 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.5

In recent years, several researches have been conducted on spectral clustering to classify non-linear data in various applications. Considering the effect of selecting the appropriate eigenvectors on spectral clustering performance; various methods have been proposed weighting and ranking features. However, these methods can independently evaluate the impact of each eigenvector. Nevertheless, it is possible that several eigenvectors have duplicate or inadequate information on some clusters. Thus, we have presented a new method for finding the optimal combination of eigenvectors by several different evaluation criteria. In order to detect simultaneously the optimum condition in various criteria, the multi-objective genetic algorithm is applied. Findings of performed experiments on datasets with various features demonstrate a resounding success in the proposed method.

Survival of Patients with Lung Cancer, Yazd, Iran

Zahir, Shokouh Taghipour,Mirtalebi, Maryammosadate Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Background: Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although the 5-year survival rate nearly tripled from 5-15% over the last 25 years, the estimated number of deaths still exceeds 1.3 million annually. The overall 5-year survival of lung cancer is only 10% in Europe and 15% in the United States. The aim of the current study was to determine the long-term survival and the effect of certain prognostic factors on survival of patients with lung cancer in Yazd city, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, we retrospectively reviewed hospital records and follow-up data of 148 patients with histological proven lung cancer using the cancer data registered between 1998 and 2005 in the pathology department of Shahid Sadoughi educational hospital, Yazd, Iran. Data were extracted from patient documents that included sex, age, clinical manifestations, histopathological report of the tumor and type of treatment given. Results: Overall survival time in all patients was 8.5 months after diagnosis and there was no significant difference in survival according to sex (p=0.958). Histological analysis revealed that squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type (35%). Kaplan-Meier statistical methods estimated the average survival time for SCC to be better (22.6 months) in comparison with the other types of histology (all of them below 10 months). There was a trend towards significance between type of histology and duration of survival (p=0.08). Conclusion: It is reasonable to expect that early lung cancer detection, and appropriated treatment, may improve surgical morbidity and mortality. Low survival of lung cancer in our center patients show our shortages in screening programs for early diagnosis. Designing studies with larger sample size that take some other variables like staging of patients is now necessary.

Incidence and Trends of Malignant and Benign Pancreatic Lesions in Yazd, Iran between 2001 and 2011

Zahir, Shokouh Taghipour,Arjmand, Azita,Kargar, Saeed,Neishaboury, Mohamadreza Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Background: Despite recent valuable steps in initiating a cancer registry in Iran, data depicting prevalence, incidence, and clinical picture of pancreatic tumors in the country are exceedinglyly sparse. With the aim of filling this knowledge gap, we reviewed cases in the pathology archive of Shahid Sadoughi hospital (Yazd, Iran), between 2001 and 2011. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 177 patients are reported in the present study. In cases for which paraffin-embedded blocks were available, the specimens were evaluated by two independent pathologists blinded to the primary diagnosis. We extrapolated the frequency of malignant lesions in our study to the population of Yazd province, derived from national census data, to generate cancer incidence rates. Results: Final diagnosis of malignancy was made in 117 cases (66.1%), and the remainder (60 lesions, 33.9%) were classified as benign. Adenecarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors were the two most common histological types of malignancy identified in 88 (75.2%) and 11 (9.4%) specimens, respectively. Crude annual incidence of pancreatic cancer was 0.55 per 100,000 person in 2001 and increased to 1.68 in 2011. Age standardized incidence rates in 2001 and 2011 were 0.75 and 2.68, respectively. A significant increasing trend in cancer incidence was observed during the 11 years of the study period (r=+0.856, p=0.009). Sex-stratified analysis, confirmed the observed trend in men (r=+0.728, p=0.034), but not women (r=+0.635, p=0.083). Conclusions: Over the past decade, incidence of pancreas malignancies has risen steadily in Yazd, Iran. Nevertheless, these figures are still substantially lower than those prevalent in developed nations.

Clinicopathological Features of Adrenal Tumors: a Ten-year Study in Yazd, Iran

Zahir, Shokouh Taghipour,Aalipour, Ezatollah,Barand, Poorya,Kaboodsaz, Mansoureh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.12

Background: Adrenal tumors are relatively uncommon, and have different presentations, so we decided to evaluate the clinico-pathological characteristics of benign and malignant tumors in a ten-year period. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional-analytical study was conducted on adrenal resection samples taken during 2004-2014 in three hospitals in Yazd province. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 17. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used as appropriate Results: A total of 71 patients with adrenal tumors were analyzed, including 32 (45.1%) men and 39 (54.9%) women with an overall mean age $37.7{\pm}19.9$ (range: 6-75 years). Some 50.7% of lesions were benign and 49.3% were malignant. Neuroblastoma was the most malignant lesion (32.3%) followed by adrenocortical carcinoma (8.4%). Among the benign lesions pheochromocytoma was the most common (25.3%) followed by adrenocortical adenoma (12.6%). While 64% of tumors were functional 36% were non functional. Significant correlation was seen between the age of patient and type of tumor (P=0.001). In patients between 14-40 years old no malignant lesions was found, although under 14 years old all of the tumors were malignant. Malignant lesions mostly presented with abdominal pain, abdominal mass and anorexia (57.2%, 45.7% and 45.7%) respectively. Benign lesions mostly presented with paroxysmal hypertension, headache and abdominal pain (61.2%, 47.2% and 44.4%) respectively. Conclusions: Since the trend of adrenal tumors is on the rise based on this and other studies, suspected cases should undergo prompt hormonal and radiological assessment. Early diagnosis and treatment could prevent tumor progression and reduce mortality and morbidity rates.

Clinicopathological Findings and Five Year Survival Rates for Patients with Central Nervous System Tumors in Yazd, Iran

Zahir, Shokouh Taghipour,Vakili, Mahmood,Navabii, Hossein,Rahmani, Koorosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Background: The incidence rate of brain tumors has increased more than 40% in the past 20 years, especially in adults. We aimed to study the clinical and pathological findings of central nervous system (CNS) tumor patients and to evaluate their 5 year survival rates. Materials and Methods: The archives of all patients with CNS tumors in 6 health care centers in Yazd, Iran, from 2006 to 2013, were studied. Patients data were extracted using a checklist which included age, sex, date of reference and diagnosis, date of death, clinical signs, radiography findings, pathology report, size and location of tumor, patient treatment and grade of tumor. Results: A total of 306 patient records were studied in the 8 year period. The most prevalent type of tumor was astrocytoma (n=113, 36.9%). The frequency of almost all tumor types was statistically higher in male patients (p=0.025). In most cases surgery with radiotherapy was the treatment of choice (49.3%). The most frequent symptom reported was headache (in 60.8% of patients) followed by convulsions (15.7%). Most of the tumors were located in the right hemisphere (46.1%) and the frontal and parietal lobe (26% and 12%, respectively). Radiography findings displayed edema with a nonhomogeneous lesion in majority of the patients (87%). The survival fraction of the patients with malignant tumors decreased over time (0.807 in the first year and 0.358 at the end of the $5^{th}$ year). Conclusions: Astrocytoma was the more common CNS tumor with male predominance. Overall survival rates of malignant tumors decreased over time and this was in relation with tumor grade.

Overexpression of HER-2/neu in Patients with Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

Zahir, Shokouh Taghipour,Tafti, Hamid Fallah,Rahmani, Koorosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is one of the main causes of cancer death, and its timely diagnosis and preventing its progression dramatically helps improve life indexes. Given the high disease recurrence rate, today, research is more inclined toward exploring causes of recurrence and development, and innovation of modern treatment methods. Several studies have explored over-expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) in prostatic cancer so far, with different results. Thus, it was decided to investigate HER-2/neu overexpression in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma in Iran. Materials and Methods: A sample size of 40 patients with prostate cancer entered the study, using a cross-sectional, non-randomized sampling method. Parameters studied included patient age at surgery, Gleason score, serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA) before surgery, and positive sample rate after immunohistochemical staining to investigate HER-2/neu overexpression. Results: In terms of HER-2/neu receptor staining rate, of 40 slides, 16 (40%) scored 0, 13 (32.5%) 1+, 7 (17.5%) 2+, and 4 (10%) 3+. In total 27.5% of slides showed HER-2/neu overexpression. In terms of age, an inverse correlation was found (-0.181), but without significance (p=0.263). In terms of serum PSA, the correlation coefficient was 0.449 (p=0.004). With respect to Gleason score, the coefficient was 0.190 (p=0.240). Conclusions: In this study, HER-2/neu overexpression occurred in 27.5% of prostate cancer cases, which is a relatively high figure, compared to similar studies elsewhere. While, we failed to reveal any relationship between HER-2/neu expression status with progression and prognosis of disease, it was demonstrated that the serum PSA level was significantly higher in cases with increased receptor expression.

Survival of Patients with Prostate Cancer in Yazd, Iran

Zahir, Shokouh Taghipour,Nazemian, Mohammad Reza,Zand, Sanaz,Zare, Samad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Several factors such as availability of screening tests, and dietary, other lifestyle, environmental and genetic influences contribute to worldwide disparities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. Our aims were to investigate patient characteristics at the time of diagnosis, common treatment strategies employed and survival in an Iranian male population with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Archives of Pathology Departments of five referral centers affiliated with the School of Medicine of Shahid Sadoughi University in Yazd province were reviewed. Paraffin-embedded blocks were reviewed by two independent pathologists to confirm the diagnosis. The latest modification of the Gleason Scoring System was adopted to determine pathological grading. Following pathological evaluation, patients were contacted via telephone to acquire information regarding their current status. Results: Pathology blocks were available for 113 patients. However, upon phone contacts, we were unable to determine the survival status in 23 patients (response rate=83%). Therefore, 90 patients were enrolled in the final analysis. The median follow-up time was 6.0 years (ranging from 0.3 to 8.8 years). There were 30 death attributed to prostate cancer in the study group. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patient age at the time of diagnosis was a significant predictor of survival. Another significant predictor of poorer survival was higher tumor grade. Conclusions: Our observations indicate that age and pathological grade can negatively affect survival of individuals with prostate cancer in Iran.